Amebic Liver Abscess in Children: Clinical and Epidemiologic Features

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-928
Author(s):  
H. Robert Harrison ◽  
C. Peter Crowe ◽  
Vincent A. Fulginiti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Hepatic Abscess ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Left Shift ◽  
Epidemiologic Features

Amebiasis, that is, infection with Entameba histolytica, continues to be endemic in the United States, with liver abscess occurring as an infrequent but constant complication. Seven cases are reported, with epidemiologic investigation of two. Reliable findings in hepatic abscess include fever, abdominal pain, respiratory distress, tender abdomen, and large, tender liver. Anemia, elevated white count with left shift, and the radiographic findings of an elevated right hemidiaphragm are constant. Epidemiologically, amebiasis occurs in clusters in the United States with person-to-person transmission pre-dominant in spread. Infection is associated with poor sanitation and crowding. Investigation of the families of two patients documented 9/21 carriers and an additional 3/21 who were seropositive, as well as crowding and poor sanitation. In this country, treatment of a patient with amebic disease should include investigation of his home and family.

Cutaneous Amebiasis

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Rimsza ◽  
Robert A. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Hepatic Abscess ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
Colostomy Site ◽  
Histolytica Infection ◽  
Laparotomy Incision

An infant with cutaneous amebiasis of the vulva and amebic liver abscess is described. Epidemiologic investigations and serologic studies were crucial in establishing the diagnosis. The vulvar amebic ulcers responded dramatically to metronidazole therapy. Cutaneous amebiasis is a rare complication of Entamoeba histolytica infection which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of perineovulvar or penile ulcers. Cutaneous amebiasis may also occur on the abdominal wall surrounding a draining hepatic abscess, colostomy site, or laparotomy incision.

scholarly journals Community-Acquired Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae: When to Consider Coinfection with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ruslan Garcia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an important cause of hospitalizations in adults. In the United States, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequently identified bacterial pathogen responsible for CAP. Other etiologic pathogens of CAP vary based on the geographic region. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an uncommon cause of CAP in the United States, while it is a principal cause in many African and Asian countries. Coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is rare and has only been reported in the setting of underlying HIV infection in areas of high tuberculosis prevalence. Here, we report a case of CAP in the absence of HIV, where Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified on admission and delay in diagnosis of concomitant active pulmonary tuberculosis led to inappropriate isolation. In addition to a high index of suspicion, epidemiologic and radiographic findings can be helpful to recognize tuberculosis as a cause of CAP even when other pathogens have already been identified.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Thromboembolism Complicating Amebic Liver Abscess: First Reported Case in the United States—Case Report and Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon McKenzie ◽  
Michael Gale ◽  
Sunny Patel ◽  
Grazyna Kaluta
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Vena Cava ◽  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Liver Abscess ◽  
Inferior Vena ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
The United States ◽  
Amebic Liver Abscess ◽  
The Usa

Even in the absence of Amebic colitis, Amebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal complication ofEntamoeba histolyticainfection. In the USA, it is most prevalent in middle aged immigrant males from endemic countries such as Africa, Mexico, and India. One of the complications of ALA is inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis, which is believed to result from the mechanical compression of the IVC and the consequent thrombogenic nidus elicited from the resultant inflammatory response. There are very few reported cases and even fewer in which the thrombus became a harbinger to pulmonary thromboembolism. We present the case of a 43-year-old male from West Africa who presented with the chief complaint of right upper quadrant abdominal pain for one week associated with persistent nonproductive cough. He had a positive serumEntamoeba histolyticaantibody with CT scan findings of a hepatic abscess with thrombosis of the hepatic vein and inferior vena cava and numerous bilateral pulmonary emboli. This amebic liver abscess was successfully treated with metronidazole and paromomycin, whereas the pulmonary thromboembolism was managed with medical anticoagulation. Based on current knowledge, this is the first reported case in the USA.

scholarly journals Trends in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for the Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 535-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barret Rush ◽  
Katie Wiskar ◽  
Landon Berger ◽  
Donald Griesdale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation

Objectives: Our aim was to describe patient characteristics and trends in the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in the United States from 2006 to 2011. Methods: We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to isolate all patients aged 18 years who had a discharge International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis of ARDS, with and without procedure codes for ECMO, between 2006 and 2011. Results: We examined a total of 47 911 414 hospital discharges, representing 235 911 271 hospitalizations using national weights. Of the 1 479 022 patients meeting the definition of ARDS (representing 7 281 206 discharges), 775 underwent ECMO. There was a 409% relative increase in the use of ECMO for ARDS in the United States between 2006 and 2011, from 0.0178% to 0.090% ( P = .0041). Patients treated with ECMO had higher in-hospital mortality (58.6% vs 25.1%, P < .0001) and longer hospital stays (15.8 days vs 6.9 days, P < .0001). They were also younger (47.9 vs 66.4 years, P < .0001) and more likely to be male (62.2% vs 49.6%, P < .0001). The median time to initiate ECMO from the time of admission was 0.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 4.9 days). Conclusion: There has been a dramatic increase in ECMO use for the treatment of ARDS in the United States.

Pediatric Abdominal Pain: Use of Imaging in the Emergency Department in the United States from 1999 to 2007

Radiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 263 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia L. Hryhorczuk ◽  
Rebekah C. Mannix ◽  
George A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Gastroenteritis in adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4959
Author(s):  
Burair Al Jassas ◽  
Marwan Khayat ◽  
Hussin Alzahrani ◽  
Aghareed Asali ◽  
Salem Alsohaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Acute Gastroenteritis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Viral Gastroenteritis ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Comprehensive Search

Gastroenteritis is the inflammation of intestines and stomach which presents with vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. It could be persistent, acute, or chronic, and can also be classified as infectious or non-infectious. Despite improvement in management, the mortality can reach up to 17,000. In this study, our aim was to understand the various etiologies that cause gastroenteritis in adults, and also discuss methods of management. We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE from January 1994 to March 2017. The following search terms were used: acute gastroenteritis, diarrheal disease, viral gastroenteritis, bacterial gastroenteritis, diagnoses of gastroenteritis. Each year, more than 350 million cases of acute gastroenteritis occur in the United States only. The largest portion of gastroenteritis cases is due to viral infections. Therefore, the empiric use of antibiotics is usually not recommended. However, in selected patients, empiric antibiotics therapy is indicated and is associated with significant improvement and decrease in mortality. The primary goal of management of gastroenteritis is treating dehydration.

scholarly journals Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the United States as Determined from a National Surveillance Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Waites ◽  
A. Ratliff ◽  
D. M. Crabb ◽  
L. Xiao ◽  
X. Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
The United States ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT There are sparse data to indicate the extent that macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMp) occurs in the United States or its clinical significance. Between 2015 and 2018, hospitals in 8 states collected and stored respiratory specimens that tested positive for M. pneumoniae and sent them to the University of Alabama at Birmingham, where real-time PCR was performed for detection of 23S rRNA mutations known to confer macrolide resistance. MRMp was detected in 27 of 360 specimens (7.5%). MRMp prevalence was significantly higher in the South and East (18.3%) than in the West (2.1%). A2063G was the predominant 23S rRNA mutation detected. MICs for macrolide-susceptible M. pneumoniae (MSMp) were ≤0.008 μg/ml, whereas MICs for MRMp were 16 to 32 μg/ml. Patients with MRMp infection were more likely to have a history of immunodeficiency or malignancy. Otherwise, there were no other significant differences in the clinical features between patients infected with MRMp and those infected with MSMp, nor were there any differences in radiographic findings, hospitalization rates, viral coinfections, the mean duration of antimicrobial treatment, or clinical outcomes. There was no significant change in MRMp incidence over time or according to age, sex, race/ethnicity, or status as an inpatient or an outpatient. Patients with MRMp were more likely to have received a macrolide prior to presentation, and their treatment was more likely to have been changed to a fluoroquinolone after presentation. This is the first national surveillance program for M. pneumoniae in the United States. Additional surveillance is needed to assess the clinical significance of MRMp and to monitor changes in MRMp prevalence.

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