scholarly journals Morphological variability of Bembidion aspericolle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) populations in conditions of anthropogenic impact

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
V. O. Komlyk ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Angular Characteristic ◽  
Western Palearctic ◽  
The Impact

Bembidion (Talanes) aspericolle (Germar, 1829) is a Western Palearctic species which lives on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas and saline inland habitats from Central Europe to Central Asia. Anthropogenic impact is one of the most important environmental factors affecting the morphological variability of ground beetles. The objective of our research is assessment of the morphological variability of this species in three ecosystems differing by intensity of anthropogenic impact. 13 linear characteristics, one angular characteristic, density of pores on the prothorax and elytra, contrast of spots on the beetles’ elytra were measured, and 6 morphometric indices were calculated. The mean value of body length in females is more than in males in the studied populations. In the ecosystem with high anthropogenic pressure, female body length is shorter by 3.7% and elytra length is shorter by 6.0% than in females in the ecosystem with low anthropogenic impact. Differences between populations in the body length of males are not significant. In the ecosystem with high anthropogenic transformation, sexual dimorphism is observed only on head and prothorax width. The ratio of maximum width of elytra to maximum prothorax width decreases significantly with increasing anthropogenic load. The impact of anthropogenic factors on the ecosystem produces significant changes in elytra length and head width of B. aspericolle and in four of the six morphometric indices. It is reasonable to use these morphometric characteristics of B. aspericolle adults in bioindication. The complex of anthropogenic factors does not have a significant impact on the value of anterior and posterior angles of prothorax, density of prothorax and elytra puncturing and contrast of the light spots at the top of the elytra. The sex of the specimen influences all linear characteristics. The absence of significant differences in morphometric indices between males and females shows that the body proportions of the beetles remain unchanged and only linear dimensions vary. Research on the morphological variability of B. aspericolle is important for understanding microevolutionary processes in populations of beetles under anthropogenically induced changes in the environment.

scholarly journals Morphological variability of Bembidion varium (Coleoptera, Carabidae) in gradient of soil salinity

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Komlyk ◽  
Viktor Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Soil Salinity ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Maximum Width ◽  
Angular Characteristic ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

AbstractThis article discusses the effect of soil salinity on the variability of Bembidion (Notaphus) varium (Oliver, 1795). The authors of the article collected imagoes of this species in five ecosystems that differed in soil salinity; 13 linear characteristics, one angular characteristic and 6 morphometric indices were measured. Significant changes in six linear parameters of B. varium (body length, head length and width, width of prothorax between front angles, maximum width of prothorax and elytra width) and two morphometric indices are observed in the considered ecosystems. Soil salinity probably has the most impact on the variability of these characteristics. However, the influence of other important natural and anthropogenic factors is not ruled out. Significant differences between the sexes are observed for all linear parameters: females of B. varium are larger than males. There are no differences between males and females in morphometric indices. The head width, prothorax length and width, elytra length and width depend on the body length of B. varium individuals. The morphological variability of B. varium under the influence of other environmental factors needs further research.

scholarly journals Morphological variability of Bembidion minimum (Coleoptera, Carabidae) populations under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-269
Author(s):  
V. O. Komlyk ◽  
V. V. Brygadyrenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Angular Characteristic ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Morphological variability is the result of interaction between genetic diversity of the population and environmental selection. Despite the large number of studies of morphological variability of ground beetles, there is very little research dedicated to influence of environmental factors on it. This article discusses the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the variability of Bembidion minimum (Fabricius, 1792). B. minimum is a West Palearctic species which is distributed in North Africa, Europe, Western Asia. It is a macropterous species that lives in humid biotopes along the shores of seas, rivers and standing water bodies. 410 specimens were collected from 12 ecosystems differing by plant cover, degree of litter development, mechanical composition of the soil, mineralization and acidity of soil solution, type and intensity of anthropogenic impact. 13 linear characteristics, one angular characteristic, density of elytra puncturing and contrast of spots on the beetles’ elytra were measured. Additionally 6 morphometric indices were calculated. More than a third of the variability of imagoes in the studied populations was found to be determined by the general body size. Sexual dimorphism was observed on all linear parameters and most morphometric indices. Females do not differ from males in the back angles of the prothorax. Natural and anthropogenic factors to a greater or lesser degree were shown to affect the morphological variability of B. minimum: soil acidity and mineralization have the greatest impact. The soil acidity causes significant variability of most linear parameters; mineralization – body length, head length, prothorax length and width, elytra width. Plant cover and mechanical composition of the soil have a slight impact on imago morphology. The type and structure of vegetation significantly affect head width, prothorax length and width, and the mechanical composition of the soil – body length and head length. Degree of litter development does not cause significant changes in the linear dimensions of beetles. With thickening of the litter the posterior spots on the elytra become brighter, they have sharper contours, and density of elytra puncturing also changes. The mean value of the back angles is affected by the herb layer of meadow vegetation, soil mineralization and acidity. The variability of morphometric indexes under the influence of natural factors was found to be lower than variability of linear characteristics. The recreational load and cattle grazing cause similar changes in linear measurements and morphometric indexes of B. minimum. With escalation of these factors, the body length, length and width of elytra of both females and males decrease. Assessing the natural morphological variability of populations in ecosystems whose environmental factors are within extreme and sub-extreme values for a given population is a promising direction of research in modern ecology.

scholarly journals The Effects of Locality and Host Plant on the Body Size of Aeolothrips intermedius (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) in the Southwest of Poland

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gruss ◽  
Twardowski ◽  
Cierpisz
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Almost All

Aeolothrips intermedius is a thrips predator often found in phytocoenoses worldwide. Both the adults and larvae of this species prey on small invertebrates, including phytophagous species from Thysanoptera group. The aim of this study was to determine the morphological variability of the A. intermedius relative to the locality and, indirectly, to the species of host plant. Insects were collected from five localities in southwest Poland and five different host plants. For each of the sexes, six morphometric features were assessed: body length, length of antennae, wing length, head length, head width and length of pronotum. Additionally, the body mass for each individual was estimated. The findings revealed that in females, both the locality and host plant had a significant impact on almost all of these features. In males, the morphometric features under study correlated strongly with locality and only moderately with the host plant. Certain differences were observed between males and females, mainly in terms of antennae length. The results show that A. intermedius exhibits significant variability in this respect, which is indicative of the species’ phenotypic plasticity. The body length was the trait with the most distinct response to the locality and host plant.

scholarly journals STUDY OF FISH HELMINTHS SPECIES COMPOSITION IN THE MIDDLE STREAM OF HRAZDAN RIVER, ARMENIA

2019 ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Oganesyan ◽  
Rukhkyan
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Middle Stream ◽  
The Impact ◽  
River Fish

The ichthyogelminthofauna of the Hrazdan River has been little studied. The aim of the work was to identify the species composition of helminths of fish in the middle course of the river Hrazdan. The study of the helminthofauna of river fishes is of scientific and practical interest, especially in view of the increasing anthropogenic pressure in this region. In 2018, 86 specimens of fish of 6 species from Cyprinidae family were examined from the middle course of the river using the generally accepted method of parasitological autopsies. The overall invasiveness of the fish with helminths was 36%. In fish, monogenes, trematodes, cestodes, and nematodes were identified. 8 species of helminths were recorded. They were localized in the lens of the eyes, on the gills, in the body cavity and in the intestines of fish. In the fauna of fish helminths, biohelmints of 7 species dominate. Of these, metacercaria diplop and plerocercoids ligul are more common. 5 types of worms are generalists. 5 species are allogeneic, 3 species - autogenous. The impoverishment of the species composition of fish helminths is obviously a consequence of the impact of negative anthropogenic factors. The ichthyofauna of the Hrazdan River is different at different sites. In the lower reaches of the river, it is represented by more than 30 species, including the silver carp, the eastern swift fish, the Kura barbel, the Sevan temple, the Angora goletsir. Upstream, the species composition of fish is declining: only a few species are recorded — the silver carp, the Sevan temple, the eastern swift fish, the Kura barbel, etc. (Pipoyan, 2012). The helminthofauna of the Hrazdan river fish is little studied. The literature contains isolated data from the 1980s: in a survey of 22 specimens of crucian carp metacercariae by diplopost with up to 100% invasion were detected, plerocercoids liguli botriocephalus (Vartanyan, 1993). In 2016, the helminth fauna of fish in the upper reaches of the Hrazdan River was studied: 8 species of helminthes were found, the fish invasion was 37% (Oganesyan, Rukhkyan, 2018).

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC LOADS ON NATURAL COMPLEXES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
P. Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
The Impact

the article describes the problems of assessing the anthropogenic impact of human activity on natural com-plexes surrounding urbanized territories. Among the main research tasks are development of methodological foundations for assessing the quanti-tative and qualitative composition at anthropogenic impact on natural complexes surrounding urban areas. The main method of this research include a dialectical approach that focuses on generally accepted logi-cal research methods (analysis, systematic approach, generalization) and their synthesis using relevant in-formation materials. The author considered various methods of assessing the impact of various factors on the environment, and also carried out the examination of urban decisions related to the appointment of a category (status) the natural resources included in the urban environment in Moscow. The Russian capital is a European metropolis, the largest city-millionaire in Europe and a typical object of research to identify the effects of various anthropogenic factors. The implementation at economic activity in the metropolis is accompanied by the emergence of problems, the solution of which has not been found yet. Analysis of methods for assessing the impact at the various factors on the environment was carried out taking into account the provisions in regulatory documents governing the appointment for protected areas urban environment. Provisions of regulatory documents and decisions of executive authorities designed to use natural (forest) resources in urban environments. The absence of approved methods for assessing certain types of land plots with a protected status was identified. The main factors affecting the quality of biogeocenosis were identified. The main features of the applica-tion methods for assessing the status and possibility in recreational development in territories of varying de-grees at development are considered.

scholarly journals METHODS OF COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURE FOR WATER RESOURCES IN CENTRAL ASIA - KARATAL RIVER CASE STUDY

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhumakhan Suleimenovich MUSTAFAYEV ◽  
Jozef MOSIEJ ◽  
Lya Tobazhanovna KOZYKEEVA ◽  
Kurmanbek ZHANYMKHAN
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
The Impact

Development of the national economy in the Karatal basin river is characterized by the progressive involvement and development of the resource potential of natural landscapes, the current rate of utilization of which greatly enhances the anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. A significant impact on the formation of the ecological environment of natural landscapes is provided by the rural and water sectors, as well as by industrial facilities related to processing and mining. At the same time, on the one hand the economic activity of the man in the catchment areas of the river basin gives a certain positive effect, and on the other hand, it is accompanied by an unavoidable set of negative ecological consequences that complicate ecological situations in various ranks of natural systems. Such negative natural and man-caused process in human activity occurs as a result of inadequate knowledge of the regularities of interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors, about the processes developing in the natural environment in complex watershed management, which is one of the obstacles on the way to the creation of ecologically sustainable cost-effective water catchment systems. Scientific interest to the assessment of the ecological state of the catchments of rivers and the problem of their complex development have been appeared relatively recently which is explained by the increase in modern conditions of anthropogenic load on the catchment areas, the need to assess the impact of such pressures on the ecological stability of catchments and the emergence of the problem of ensuring the sustainable function of catchments. The catena concept was developed to analyze the regular variability of soil on the slope. The example of this approach consists first in a structural component, the recurring pattern of certain soils in a landscape transects in which every chain element has its place in the chain, a soil has it in a landscape areal. The object of the research is the catchment basin of the Karatal river with a length of 390 km, an area of 19.1 thousand km², which is formed by the merger of three rivers called Tekeliaryk, Chadzha and Kora, sources which are at an altitude of 3200-3900 m. The initial 160 km is mountain character, from the Zhungarian Alatau and below the confluence of Kara and Chizhe River overlooks a wide intermountain plain. Other tributaries are Kara, Terekty, Laba, Balykty, Mokur and the most abundant is Koksu. After the confluence of the tributary of the Koksu River, Karatal flows through the sandy desert of the Southern Balkhash. At a distance of 40 km from the mouth, the river has a delta area of 860 km 2. According to long-term observations, the average annual discharge of the Karatal River in the Ushtobe section is 66.7 m3/s or 2.1 km3/ year.

Qualitative assessment of the impact of some anthropogenic factors on natural foci of tularemia in the Rostov agglomeration

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354
Author(s):  
Lyudmila V. Sudina ◽  
Natalia L. Pichurina ◽  
Anna P Khametova ◽  
Elena P. Sokolova ◽  
Igor' V. Orekhov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
The Impact

AIM: To qualitatively assess the impact of some anthropogenic factors (construction of industrial facilities, transport networks, intensification of agriculture) on natural foci of tularemia in the Rostov agglomeration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The official data and reports of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Rosselkhoznadzor, the data of the Department of Rospotrebnadzor for the Rostov region, the Federal State Budgetary Institution Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Rostov Region of Rospotrebnadzor were analyzed. Zoological and parasitological studies were carried out in accordance with modern regulatory documents in force. The detection of F. tularensis markers in field samples was carried out using serological and molecular genetic methods. RESULTS: It was found that the existing territories under natural protection of the Russian agglomeration restrict degradation processes, while maintaining the simultaneous coexistence of native species and synanthropic animals that make up the parasitic circulation system of the tularemia pathogen. CONCLUSION: The qualitative assessment of anthropogenic pressure/action can probably be interpreted as conditionally neutral. This could lead to potential risks of infection of the unvaccinated population of the Rostov agglomeration in natural foci of tularemia. The dynamism of the processes of anthropogenic action requires constant monitoring of the changes in the species diversity of carriers and vectors, their abundance, and infection in the natural foci of tularemia in the Rostov agglomeration.

scholarly journals Measures of relationships and association among body weight and biometric traits of donkeys in Northwest Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
P. A. John ◽  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Width ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Predicted Body Weight

Body linear measurements of different age categories of donkeys were used to predict the body weight of donkeys using stepwise regression procedure. This work was conducted to estimates the live body weight of donkeys from biometric traits. A total of 700 donkeys were measured into three age groups (weaners 6 months- 1 year, young above 1- 3 years and adults 3 years and above). Morphometric measures taken were body weight, head length, head width, ear length, neck length, neck circumference, shoulder width, height at withers, heart girth, body length and tail length using random sampling technique. Significant variations were observed in morphometric (P<0.05, P<0.01) traits. The results of the study showed that significantly (P<0.01) predicted body weight of these donkeys with good efficiencies were neck circumference (NC), tail length (TL) and body length (BL) were the best predictors of body weight with R2= 100% in weaners, head width (HWD), neck circumference (NL), neck circumference (NC) and height at withers (HW) with R2= 100% in young and HW, HG with R2 = 100% in adult category. The traits were significantly (p<0.05, 0.01) and positively correlated amongst themselves (r=0.09-0.87).It is therefore concluded that the inclusion of two variables improved the prediction marginally, but the addition of further variables gave little further improvement. The association may be useful as selection criterion, since positive correlations of traits suggest that the traits are under the same gene action (pleiotropy/linkage). It is therefore recommended that tail length, neck circumference, body length, height at withers and heart girth should be used as the best predictors of body weight across the sex and age categories of donkeys. 

scholarly journals REACTIONS OF KIDNEYS OF SILVER BREAM (BLICCA BJOERKNA) FROM VOLGA DELTA TO HABITAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Ivan Alexeyevich Burlakov ◽  
Victor Nickolaevich Kryuchkov ◽  
Irina Vladimirovna Volkova
Keyword(s):  
Water Body ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Relative Mass ◽  
Volga Delta ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact

The article focuses on the intensive anthropogenic impact on the aquatic ecosystems, which makes it necessary to monitor the populations of different fish species. The method of mor-phophysiological indicators was used to study the kidneys of silver bream in different water bodies of the Volga Delta. The morphometric characteristics of the kidneys of silver bream are presented. It is shown that the reactions of organs and body systems are caused by the environmental impact on the living organisms, which results, in particular, in the pathological changes in the fish body. Reactions in the body of fish are the result of a combined effect of environmental factors and natural physiological processes related to feeding, migrations, generative cycles, etc. The detected changes in the organ structure make it possible to assess the impact of the environment on fish. The seasonal and sexual variability of the indices of the mesonephros of silver bream from the Volga Delta is shown. Analysis of the kidneys of fish from two water bodies showed the variability of kidney mass due to the anthropogenic load on the water body, in particular, an increase in the kidney index in silver bream Blicca bjoerkna was registered in the ecosystem with an increased toxic load. It has been stated that the increase in the relative mass of mesonephros was caused by the changes in the organ. Changes were detected both in the intratubular tissue, and in the convoluted tubules and renal capsules. The study helped to find the differences in the relative weight and structure of the kidneys of silver bream, which lives in the water bodies with different anthropogenic load. A real increase of the kidney index was found in fish from the water body with a higher level of anthropogenic impact.

scholarly journals On the contribution of climatic and anthropogenic factors to changes in the flow of large rivers of the Russian plain and Siberia

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
A. G. Georgiadi ◽  
N. I. Koronkevich ◽  
E. A. Barabanova ◽  
E. A. Kashutina ◽  
I. P. Milyukova
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Base Period ◽  
Seasonal Flow ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
The Impact

Changes of annual and seasonal flow of Volga, Don, Yenisei and Lena are estimated by two methods. One of them is to restore the natural flow of recent decades, during which there were observed its significant anthropogenic changes. For these purposes, we used data on the runoff of rivers (tributaries of the considered rivers and their upper parts), the water regime of which is relatively weakly changed by the anthropogenic impact. Another uses the data of water management statistics. Subsequently, the data on the naturalized river flow were compared with the anthropogenic-modified runoff for this and for the previous base period, when anthropogenic impact can be neglected. It is shown that climatic and anthropogenic factors perform either unidirectionally, increasing or decreasing the flow, or in opposite directions. Moreover, the impact of anthropogenic factors, mainly of reservoirs and water consumption, is of the same scale as the influence of climatic factors, while in many cases exceeds it.

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