Lichen indication air quality Skadovsk town

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
V. M. Klymenko
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Residential Landscapes ◽  
Quality Markers ◽  
Industrial Landscapes ◽  
Transport Emissions ◽  
The Town ◽  
Polluted Zone ◽  
Lichen Indication

The results of the quality of the air in the Skadovsk town with using lichens are given. The aim of the paper was establish possible vectors flow of pollutants into the atmosphere of the coastal town and the comparison of the data after lichen monitoring with those given for other town in Kherson region. The map with different lichen indication zones as unpolluted, small polluted, middle polluted and very polluted are created. This map constructed after lichen mapping of the Skadovsk town with use of the index of air pollution (IAP). 41 species of the corticolous lichens were found in the Skadovsk town. This epiphithic lichen composition is similar to these Kherson city (44 species), Poltava (49 species), Ternopil (45 species), Ivano-Frankivsk (45 species) and Lutsk (37 species). Arthonia punctiformis, Flavoplaca flavocitrina and Strangospora ochrophora were reported for the first time for urban landscape of the Kherson oblast. The landscape structure of the Skadovsk town are provided. There are residential landscapes (6,8 km2, or 63 %), wasteland (2 km2, or 18,8 %), warehouse landscapes (1,1 km2, 9,8 %); garden park landscapes (0,5 km2 or 4,7 %); transport landscapes (0,3 km2 or 2,8 %), industrial landscapes (0,1 km2 or 0,8 %). We are used urban landscapes and lichen indication zones overlapping. This enables possible ranking of air quality in the town landscapes and to establish the possible sources of pollutions in their territory. The territory of the town was divided into zones with different air quality as a result of the calculation of IAP. The largest among isotoxic lichen indication zones is unspopolluted (5,6 km2 or representing 51,9 % of the town area), the small polluted is 3,2 km2 (or 29,6 %), the middle polluted is 1,9 km2 (or 17,6 %) and very polluted is 0,1 km2 (or 0,9 %). The lowest air quality registered in the transport landscape because 30 % of it areas are located in middle polluted zone. The highest air quality formed in the wastelands where over 96 % square are located in unpolluted and small-polluted areas. After the low level of the town industrialization, there are two main vectors of pollutants flow to the town air. At the first, there are emissions from heating systems, including complex multi-storey buildings in the town located along the street Sergievskaya, between Dzharylgachska and Nezalezhnosti streets. At the second, it is transport emissions. A dense network of highways, especially on how not restricted movement of large vehicles, formed the «skeleton frame» of middle polluted zone. The numerous of the high air quality markers (81,5 %) in Skadovsk town were found in unpolluted and middle polluted zones. The air quality on the territory of the Skadovsk town is rather high in comparison with Kherson (34 %), Nova Kakhovka (60,2 %), Kakhovka (77,9 %) and Beryslav (88,75 %). Instead, the air quality in residential landscapes of Skadovsk town is intermediate between these towns with unpolluted and small polluted zones in 75 % while in Kakhovka and Beryslav were 83,1 % and 81 % respectively, exceeding Nova Kakhovka (31,7 %) and Kherson (37 %).

scholarly journals The Urban Рaradynamic Anthropogenic Landscape Systems

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Population ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Anthropogenic Landscape ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Industrial Landscapes ◽  
The City

Purpose. To identify the peculiarities and structure of urban paradynamic anthropogenic landscape systems (PDALS). Methods: field, theoretical generalization, analytical and cartographic analysis, logic, finding of empirical relationships, cartographic. Results. Urban-building activity is accompanied by radical transformations of all components of nature, significant changes of the natural landscape structure. As a result, urban paradynamic anthropogenic landscape systems are formed. Inner urban and suburban PDALS are singled out. Inner urban paradynamic anthropogenic landscape systems are formed and operate within the administrative boundaries of cities. Suburban PDALS extend far beyond the boundaries of urban settlements. They cover the suburban area. Paradynamic anthropogenic landscape zones (PDALZ) of mineral, air, climatic, hydrological, hydrogeological, biotic, social and economic impacts on the natural environment are distinguished in the structure of urban PDALS. Paradynamic anthropogenic landscape areas (PDALA) of low, medium, high and intensive pollution levels are formed within the zones of mineral and air impacts of the technical block of urban landscape-technogenic systems on their landscape block. They are interconnected by water, mineral and air streams. Eleven paradynamic anthropogenic landscape areas with low (total soil pollution index (TPI) - 8-16 units), eighteen areas with medium (TPI of 16-32 units) and five areas with high (TPI of soil 32-128 units) pollution levels of the environment were formed on the territory of Vinnytsia city. Paradynamic areas of low pollution are genetically related to the "sleeping" quarters of the city. Paradynamic areas of medium pollution are associated with industrial enterprises and high-speed motorways. Areas with a high level of pollution are paradynamically connected with the industrial landscapes of the enterprises Vinnytsia Household Chemicals and Vinnytsia Lamp Plant. PDALA with a high degree of atmospheric air pollution were formed in the Northern and Central industrial districts of Chernivtsi. Areas of low and medium pollution levels were formed in the areas of the old buildings of the modern city center. On the territory of the city of Mariupol, 2 paradynamic anthropogenic landscape areas of intensive (TPI 128-600) and 4 PDALAs of high (TPI 32-128) levels of pollution were detected. They are genetically related to the industrial landscapes of Azovstal Iron and Steel Plant and the Mariupol Iron and Steel Plant named after Ilyich. Paradynamic relationships between certain types of urban landscapes and ecological situation around them are defined. 58% of the city of Sumy is characterized by unsatisfactory ecological situation. These areas are paradynamically connected with the urban industrial landscapes of the Northern and Southern industrial zones. A direct paradynamic relation between the morbidity of urban population and the ecological state of urban landscapes was found. The condition of the urban environment causes from 30 to 70 % of all diseases. Paradynamic relations lead to the formation of a paradynamic anthropogenic landscape ecotone "urban landscapes – landscapes of suburban areas" around a city. Within this paradynamic landscape system, pollution of atmospheric air, soils, surface and groundwater from urban landscapes is well noticed. It was proved that the city's interaction with the surrounding landscapes is bilateral. As a result, suburban paradynamic landscape zones of social and economic impact are formed. Conclusion. It is revealed that urban paradynamic anthropogenic landscape systems are formed due to the development and functioning of the landscapes of urbanized territories. Paradynamic anthropogenic landscape zones of mineral, air, climate, hydrological, hydrogeological, biotic, social and economic impacts on the natural environment are distinguished in their structure. Paradynamic anthropogenic landscape areas with different levels of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes, in particular contamination of natural components, are defined within them. The existence of a direct paradynamic connection between the state of the urban landscapes and the level of morbidity of the urban population has been established. As a result, an extremely dynamic paradynamic anthropogenic landscape zone of the social impact of urban landscape-technogenic systems (LTS) is formed.

scholarly journals Characterization of air quality and fine particulate matter sources in the town of Hinton, Alberta

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Aynul Bari ◽  
Warren B. Kindzierski
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The Town

Height profile of some air quality markers in the urban atmosphere surrounding a 100m tower building

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (20) ◽  
pp. 3569-3580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Maria Rubino ◽  
Lucia Floridia ◽  
Manuela Tavazzani ◽  
Silvia Fustinoni ◽  
Rosario Giampiccolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Height Profile ◽  
Quality Markers

scholarly journals URBAN LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Collado Capilla ◽  
Sonia Gómez-Pardo Gabaldón
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Landscape Assessment ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Strategic Element ◽  
The City

URBAN LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT Vicente Collado Capilla1 and Sonia Gómez-Pardo Gabaldón21Servicio de Infraestructura Verde y Paisaje. Generalitat Valenciana. Ciutat Administrativa 9 D'Octubre-Torre 1, C/ Castán Tobeñas 77, 46018 Valencia; 2Servicio Territorial de Urbanismo. Provincia de Valencia. Generalitat Valenciana. Prop I, C/ Gregorio Gea, nº 27, 46009 Valencia. E-mail: [email protected] [email protected]  Key words: urban_landscape, streetcape, landscape_value, andscape_assessment, landscape_preferences. The urban landscape assesment as an important element in the quality of life and the sustainable development of the city constitutes an incipient field of investigation from a new perspective that adds meanings and values. An analysis of the different methodological developments and national and international experiences in the assessment of these landscapes will highlight its importance as a strategic element to improve the quality of the city. It starts from the concept of assessment as a system where tangible and intangible values ​​are considered by the population and the experts. These include among other formal, economic, environmental, social, cultural issues (…) and the relationships between them. Consideration of the opinions of experts from different points of view such as urbanism and architecture but also environment, economy, geography, history, archeology, sociology, social assistance, etc. Together with the preferences expressed by the population regarding the spaces they inhabit on a daily basis and their aspirations, strengthen the sense of belonging and the identity of the place as key elements in the perception of the urban landscapes that allows to contribute new qualities, integration criteria and ​​contemporary values to any type of intervention. These are strategies and intervention procedures that start from the complexity of the city as a system and incorporate the perception that citizens have or will have of their immediate environment.  References: Czynska Klara and Pawel Rubinowicz (2015). ´Visual protection Surface method: Cityscape values in context of tall buildings´. SSS10 Proceedings of the 10 th International Space Syntax Symposium. Paquette Sylvain (2008). Guide de gestion des paysages au Québec. Université de Montréal Pallasmaa, Juhani (2005). The Eyes of the Skin. Architecture and the Senses. New York: John Wiley. Ministry of Environment and Energy The National Forest and Nature Agency (1997). International Survey of Architectural Values in the Environment. Denmark . The Landscape Institute and Institute of Environmental Management & Assessment (2013). Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. Third Edition, London: Routledge.

scholarly journals Re-orientating the Experience of a Small Town

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Katherine Hailstone
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Declining Populations ◽  
The Town

<p>An experience by definition can imply that it leaves an impression. It can be how people experience our small towns that influence its viability and success. Small towns in Aotearoa face aging populations, growing social issues and tend to lack economic viability. Current statistics show population growth in our large cities and declining populations in our regions impacting the urban landscape and the experience of our regional towns. So, how can designing from an experiential approach make a difference to town life?  A traditional approach to changing the experience of towns and cities is through consultation, a production of a master plan and then staging the design over time. Consider what could be gained if we used on-the-ground experience to inform the structure our towns?  If we intensely engage with the ‘on the ground experience’ of the town, looking at how the town structures experience, we should be able to identify opportunities that could re-orientate how people interact with the town. These opportunities or potential design alterations, could reshape the way that the town is structured and therefore inform the development of a master plan or long term plan. Through an experience-based design approach the opportunities that can be identified from this method are often not visible from other techniques such as top down mapping and other common forms of data collection. Through a combination of; an understanding of the experience of the town, its history, influences, though various forms of mapping and the understanding the viability of proposed design alterations we could strategically transform the experience.  Therefore, through an experiential design approach and understanding how our small towns work in Aotearoa; can we focus design actions in the public environment to develop potential future change?</p>

scholarly journals FRAGMENTATION AND DEGRADATION OF THE URBAN LANDSCAPE IN HERGLA, TUNISIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 60-77
Author(s):  
Meriem Chaggar ◽  
Mohsen Boubaker
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Landscape Degradation ◽  
The City

This research proposes to identify the factors of the urban landscapes degradation in Hergla’s city (Tunisia) according on the citizen participation. It is based on the survey method which is developed around two axes: the citizen perception of urban landscapes and the factors of their degradation. According to the responses obtained, "the sea" represents the particular value of the landscapes identified as "quality" in Hergla. Citizens don’t appreciate landscapes of urban sprawl which makes the city lose its identity. Moreover, the lack of citizen participation in the urban actions and the non-observance of the urban regulations are the most cited factors of the landscape degradation. These results highlight the importance of involving the citizens in the planning process for a sustainable territory.

scholarly journals Graz Lagrangian Model (GRAL) for Pollutants Tracking and Estimating Sources Partial Contributions to Atmospheric Pollution in Highly Urbanized Areas

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1375
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Romanov ◽  
Boris A. Gusev ◽  
Egor V. Leonenko ◽  
Anastasia N. Tamarovskaya ◽  
Alexander S. Vasiliev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Surface Atmospheric Layer ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Heterogeneous Landscape

Computational modeling allows studying the air quality problems in depth and provides the best solution reducing the population risks. This research demonstrates the Graz Lagrangian model effectiveness for assessing emission sources contributions to the air pollution: particles tracking and accumulation estimate. The article describes model setting up parameters and datasets preparation for the analysis. The experiment simulated the dispersion from the main groups of emission sources for real weather conditions during 96 h of December 2018, when significant excess of NO2, CO, SO2, PM10, and benzo(a)pyrene concentrations were observed in the Krasnoyarsk surface atmospheric layer. The computational domain was a parallelepiped of 40 × 30 × 2.5 km, which was located deep inside the Eurasian continent on a heterogeneous landscape exaggerated by high-rise buildings, with various pollutions sources and the ice-free Yenisei River. The results demonstrated an excellent applicability of the Lagrange model for hourly tracking of particle trajectories, taking into account the urban landscape. For values <1 MPC (maximum permissible concentration) of peak pollutants concentrations, the coincidences were 93 cases, and for values < 0.1 shares of MPC, there were 36 cases out of the total number of 97. The same was found for the average daily concentration for values <1 MPC—31, and for values <0.1 MPC—5 matches out of 44. Wind speeds COR—65.3%, wind directions COR—68.6%. The Graz Lagrangian model showed the ability to simulate air quality problems in the Krasnoyarsk greater area conditions.

Comparison of foraging behaviour of small, urban-sensitive insectivores in continuous woodland and woodland remnants in a suburban landscape

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 591 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hodgson ◽  
K. French ◽  
R. E. Major
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
High Density ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Insectivorous Birds ◽  
Behavioural Changes ◽  
Remnant Vegetation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
High Density Housing

Small patches of remnant vegetation are often considered to have low conservation value. In urban landscapes their value may potentially be higher than in other landscapes because they can be the only representatives of original native vegetation. Despite this potential, many small insectivorous birds that rely on native vegetation demonstrate sensitivities within urban landscapes through reduced numbers or total absence. One reason for this sensitivity may be that remnants are of suboptimal quality, which may be reflected in behavioural changes. Using five insectivorous species that were present (in low numbers) in remnants surrounded by high-density housing, foraging behaviour was examined in relation to vegetation. The proportion of time birds spent on different foraging substrates and plant species was compared with that of conspecifics in continuous vegetation. Canopy and shrub foragers showed minimal behavioural changes. Ground foragers in remnants tended to forage at lower heights than those in continuous vegetation; however, these changes did not appear to reflect a negative effect. These changes were partially explained by structural differences between vegetation in remnants and continuous sites. The number of times a bird attacked prey items was significantly higher in continuous habitat for only two species. Overall, the foraging behaviour of small insectivorous birds in remnants surrounded by high-density housing was not adversely affected by urbanisation and it appears that remnants have potential value as habitat and foraging sources in an urban landscape. Despite this, small insectivores are still sensitive to urbanisation, suggesting that other factors, probably in the matrix, are important.

scholarly journals Birds as the Feeders of Ticks (Acari, Ixodida) in Megalopolis of Kyiv

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-470
Author(s):  
I. V. Nebogatkin
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Parus Major ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Haemaphysalis Concinna ◽  
Corvus Frugilegus ◽  
Motacilla Alba ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

Abstract Birds as the Feeders of Ticks (Acari, Ixodida) in Megalopolis of Kyiv. Nebogatkin, I. V. - Data about ticks parasitizing on birds in the city of Kyiv were summarized. 117 birds and 27 nests were examined. Ticks were found on six species collecting food on the ground level: Great Tit (Parus major), White Wagtail (Motacilla alba), Rook (Corvus frugilegus), blackbird (Turdus merula), and Nuthatch (Sitta europaea). 56 Ixodidae specimens of four species from two genera were collected from the birds and their nests: Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758); I. arboricola Schulze et Schlottke, 1930; I. lividus (Koch, 1844), Haemaphysalis concinna Koch, 1844. Th e role of birds as feeders of all developmental stages of ticks not only increases under conditions of urban landscape, but also becomes leading in the places with low population of small mammals. Ectoparasites of birds of the other taxonomic groups along with the ticks can play an important role in maintaining the circulation of pathogens of various aetiologies in the urban landscapes.

A Complex Values Map of Marginal Urban Landscapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cerreta ◽  
Giuliano Poli
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Time History ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Spatial Decision Support ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Time Period ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Spatial Indicators ◽  
Potential Factors

The paper seeks to highlight how the character and values of marginal landscapes can be considered examples of the “third landscape” and how they can enable the mapping of tangible and intangible change (and its relative effects) through the selection of appropriate spatial indicators. A Dynamic Spatial Decision Support System was constructed to help identify the complex values characterizing a selected area in Naples’ marginal urban landscape. The System consists of a set of selected indicators that represent the area’s distinguishing characteristics with specific focus on its critical and potential factors. The formulation of spatial indicators helps identify the ecological, socio-economic and urban characteristics of the case-study area, along with their historic evolution over a specific time period. Time History Analysis (THA) enables the identification of permanent elements and transformations along with the relationships among the various urban landscape components over time. The synergistic interaction between the appropriately structured Geographic Information System (GIS) and the multi-criteria Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method help to generate a complex values map of the analyzed landscape to support the definition and location of strategic actions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document