scholarly journals Richard Sorge: Leading the Intelligence Network in Japan (1933-1941)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Gugnin ◽  
Julia Lisnevskaya
Keyword(s):  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The West ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nikita Khrushchev ◽  
Intelligence Services ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Command ◽  
Agent Networks

The public of the West learned about the activities of the outstanding Soviet intelligence agent Richard Sorge immediately after the end of the Second World War, thanks to the assessments of his activities in American sources. In the USSR, he became widely known only in 1964 thanks to Nikita Khrushchev. The article shows that the combination of personal and professional qualities of Sorge, ideological motivation allowed him to achieve outstanding results in intelligence activities. It is noted that under his leadership, illegal residencies in China, and then in Japan, received unique intelligence information, which helped the leadership and military command of the USSR to make informed political and military-strategic decisions. Richard Sorge was one of the most prominent intelligence officers in the history of the intelligence services. The authors describe facts that characterize the daily work of an intelligence officer: how he headed residencies in extremely difficult countries for work, successfully managed agent networks, personally conducted recruiting work, collected important intelligence information, analyzed it and prepared reports to Moscow. The organization of networks led by Sorge has been studied by many foreign intelligence services and has consistently been highly rated. In publications dedicated to Sorge, two approaches to creating his image are clearly traced, which is noted by the authors of the article. The first approach presents him as the archetype of a movie hero, agent and super spy, receiving classified information in alcoves and restaurants. It is designed for the general reader and first appeared in the West. Another image, partially ideologized and propagandistic, spread in the USSR and East Germany. He presented Richard as a knight of the revolution without fear or reproach. In this article, the authors made an attempt to create a real and objective assessment of his activities, in particular in Japan. The authors of the article, using Western and new Russian sources, have chosen the method of historical psychology in order to represent the way of thinking of this outstanding person and connect it with his actions in leading the group entrusted to him.

Zac Bercy Front du Parc: un lungo ed efficace processo di riqualificazione urbana

TERRITORIO ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Viviana di Martino
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Entire Process ◽  
Municipal Administration ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

- An important urban transformation was achieved in Paris with the redevelopment of the Bercy quarter. It was characterised by farsightedness and an ability to monitor and manage on the part of the public sector operators who guided the entire operation. While on the one hand the Bercy case presents a series of ‘extraordinary' elements deriving from the particular history of the site, the continuity with which the municipal administration moved forward with its strategic decisions, its capacity to frame those strategies in a broader and more complex context and the ways in which the entire process was implemented certainly constitute important factors on which to reflect in the framework of a more general discussion on the effectiveness and potentials of large urban projects. This paper looks at the main stages of the transformation starting with the framing of the operation within the provisions of the main urban planning instruments and it seeks to highlight the most significant aspects of the intervention with a particular focus on the outcomes of the project implemented.

Not Modern-Day Body-Snatching: The Response of the Public

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-70
Author(s):  
K. Lee ◽  
S. W. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Medical Profession ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
The West ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Anatomy ◽  
Modern Form

At recent presentations on the history of anatomy in the West of Scotland, our group has been asked whether we would regard the revelations of 1999 – 2001 about organ retention as a modern form of body-snatching. We have compared newspaper reports of the Glasgow Herald from 1823 to 1832, the decade prior to the Anatomy Act of 1832, and the Herald, Sunday Herald and Evening Times from 1999 to 2001. Clearly body-snatchers appropriated whole corpses while the recent troubles concerned individual organs. Body-snatching was illegal while the crisis over organ retention arose from differing expectations between the medical profession and the public. Both practices caused huge public concern and distress to relatives. There are, however, interesting differences between the two sets of reports. The public had been aware of body-snatching for many years prior to the Anatomy Act, which regulated the supply of cadavers, whereas revelations about organ retention came as a shock. In the organ retention crisis, the parents of the children were more organised in supporting each other and in campaigning for change than were the public in the days of the resurrectionists.

Short History of Risk Communication in Japan

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (sp) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio Kinoshita ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Short History ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
The West ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of

The notion of risk was introduced in Japanese academia in the 1970s. Following this initial period of interest, the Society for Risk Analysis, Japan, was launched in 1988, coinciding with the first study of “risk communication.” However, the concept was not widely embraced by the public at that time. This situation changed after the 1995 Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake, and risk communication gradually came to be acknowledged in Japanese society. Following the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant incident ofMarch 11, 2011, a boom in risk communication occurred due to anxieties among residents about the possibility of low-level radiation exposure. Regrettably, however, the government’s risk communication system did not work well, and consequently, the general public did not know who or what to believe. Underlying this confusion, we can observe the differences between the “risk cultures” of Japan and the West. Thus, it remains to be seen in what manner Japanese people will come to accept risk communication.

Between Spectacle and Science: Margaret Murray and the Tomb of the Two Brothers

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen L. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
The West ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
History Of

ArgumentThis article explores the history of mummy unwrappings in the West, culminating in Margaret Murray's public unrolling of two mummies in Manchester in 1908. Mummy unwrappings as a practice have shifted often between public spectacles which displayed and objectified exotic artifacts, and scientific investigations which sought to reveal medical and historical information about ancient life. Although others have looked at Murray's work in the context of the history of mummy studies, I argue that her work should be viewed culturally as poised between spectacle and science, drawing morbid public interest while also producing ground-breaking scientific work that continues to this day. Murray's main goal was to excite the interest of the public while at the same time educating them in the true history of ancient Egypt, while ascertaining new scientific information and contributing to the scholarly interpretations of ancient Egypt.

A RECENT HISTORY OF AL-QA'IDA

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 803-824
Author(s):  
R. KIM CRAGIN
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
United States Navy ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trade Center

ABSTRACTScholars, journalists, and government officials have tried to understand al-Qa'ida and its predecessor, Maktab al-Khidamat, since the early 1980s. These efforts increased significantly after the 11 September 2001 attacks against the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon. Yet, despite this attention, questions remain unanswered. What factors have influenced al-Qa'ida leaders over time as they have made and executed strategic decisions? How have they defined their relationship with affiliated groups in the context of these decisions? This present article utilizes private al-Qa'ida documents, captured by United States Navy Seals during a raid on Osama bin Laden's compound in Pakistan, and recently released to the public, to answer these questions. In doing so, it casts doubt on some of the conventional explanations for al-Qa'ida's trajectory between 2004 and 2013.

A Pacific Rim: Crime and Punishment in Santa Clara County, 1922

1992 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-152
Author(s):  
Lawrence M. Friedman ◽  
Paul Tabor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
The West ◽  
The Public ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Santa Clara County ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

The history of American criminal justice is, to say the least, by no means an overplowed field. In fact, it has gotten systematic attention only in recent years. The public, of course, is fascinated with crime and horrified by crime; stories about crime and criminal justice cry out from the pages of newspapers and dominate movies and television. Historical research is another matter.The first half of the twentieth century should be a rich field for research. Records are available in abundance and in every county. Moreover, there are, particularly for the 1920s and 1930s, a fair number of state crime surveys and other empirical studies of criminal justice. California and the West, however, have been somewhat neglected. This article presents some data on one county, Santa Clara County, in one year, 1922, as a modest beginning.

scholarly journals Asijské umění a umělecké řemeslo ve sbírce Západočeského muzea v Plzni

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Jindřich Mleziva
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Decorative Arts ◽  
Late Qing Dynasty ◽  
The West ◽  
The Public ◽  
Late Qing ◽  
Woodblock Prints ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Subject ◽  
The 19Th Century

The collection of the West Bohemian Museum in Pilsen includes significant examples of artworks and decorative arts from Asia. The history of this collection dates back to the last quarter of the 19th century, when these items were a part of a collection of the West Bohemian Museum of Decorative Arts in Pilsen. The first director of the museum, architect Josef Škorpil (1856–1931), contributed to the creation of the decorative arts collection and the acquisition of objects from the Far and Middle East. Thanks to its acquisition activities throughout Europe, a significant decorative arts collection was established in Pilsen. Its importance goes beyond the Pilsen region. The concept of creating this collection was in accordance with the emergence of decorative arts museums in Europe. The collection, together with the Asian objects, was presented to the public as a part of an exposition opened in 1913. Today, the Asian collection consists of Chinese and Korean objects, mainly ceramics and porcelain, as well as exceptionally well-preserved textiles from the late Qing Dynasty. The Japanese portable Buddhist altar zushi or a set of Japanese woodblock prints of the ukiyo-e style are among the most unique acquisitions. A relatively modest set of items from the Middle East includes typical examples of decorative arts from Iran, Turkey or Syria. The objects are still a popular subject of research and have also become a part of the new decorative arts permanent exhibition of the museum that was opened in 2017.

Hong Kong and Taiwan

2019 ◽  
pp. 169-193
Author(s):  
Elaine Howard Ecklund ◽  
David R. Johnson ◽  
Brandon Vaidyanathan ◽  
Kirstin R. W. Matthews ◽  
Steven W. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Folk Religion ◽  
Free Expression ◽  
The West ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of

The idea of science and religion in conflict does not pervade Taiwan and Hong Kong as it often does in the West. Instead, there is often free expression of religion within the workplace. Scientists in Taiwan and Hong Kong actually mirror the public in terms of religiosity, perhaps because there is little tension between science and religion in these societies. In Hong Kong the history of Christianity comes up in the scientific workplace through the practices of Christian scientists; and in Taiwan the presence of folk religion can be felt within the scientific workplace, though it is subtler than in Hong Kong.

The Life and Work of Miners: Didactic Approaches of Three Mining Places of Memory in Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Monika Kudelová
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Description ◽  
Teaching Approaches ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Educational Programmes ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this paper is to present the diversity of teaching approaches and presentations of the gripping educational history of mining using the example of three geographically and institutionally distinct memory locations: i.e. the national monument Michal Mine in Ostrava Michálkovice, the Mine and Museum in Nowa Ruda and the Penzberg Museum in Bavaria, which connects cultural and historical concepts and which is focused on the person, i.e. the miner and his daily work. The individual medallions include summaries of the historical development of the former coal mines, i.e. Michal, Ruben (Nowa Ruda) and Penzberg, a description of industrial monuments for the public or building amining museum and analytical description of educational programmes for school children, with emphasis on the method and didactic media utilised. The conclusion is formulated in the form of a summative comparison of the various components of teaching, based on generally-educational or museum-pedagogical categorisation.

scholarly journals A Delicate Mosaic: The Future of Muslims in Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Khelifa
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Canadian Society ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Muslim Immigration

Islam has had a long and, recently, contested history in Canada. Studies after 9/11 show an increasingly negative view towards Islam and Muslims in Canada.  Supposed clashes between Islam and the West, the advent of Canadian Muslim diaspora with an increase in Muslim immigration after World War II, and the rise of Islamophobia and counter anti-Islamophobia movements have strained Muslim integration efforts and challenged Islam's place in Canadian society, testing long-standing Canadian values and beliefs about multiculturalism, democracy and pluralism. This paper addresses the question of Canadian-Muslim integration, looking briefly at the history of Muslims in Canada, the issues they face, and some recent events including Bill 94 and the niqab debate to examine the state of Muslim Canadian integration in Canada today. The paper also proposes a process where Muslim communities, the Canadian government and the public can work together to build understanding and resolve differences in order to move forward as a country.

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