scholarly journals Effect of electric field on seed germination and growth parameters of chickpea Cicer arietinum L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
A. Afrasiyab ◽  
J. Zafar ◽  
H. Muhmmad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Germination And Growth

Cicer arietinum (L.) seed were exposed to electric field in the soil via electrodes. Five different EF were (3V,6V, 9V, 12V, and 0V) were induced 10 min after 24hours for 100 days, each treatment was consisting of an isolated gathering of plants. The rate of seed germination was enhanced to the control group. Plant height, root length, number of leaves, number of flowers, dry weight of the plant, and seed weight were measured at harvesting. Plants height by the influence of 3V, 6V, 9V and 12V were found to be significant in all treated groups than the control group, having an increase of 25.5%, 30.5%, 11.8%, and 17.1%. Similarly, root length was significantly increased than the control group, being increased in 3V, 6V and 12V by 28.6%, 24.0%, 3.0% and retarded in 9V by -3.0%. Leaves numbers were significantly higher than the control group, being increased by 25.3%, 25.2%, 15%, and 19.3% respectively. There was no centrality contrast found indifference in, number of flowers, the dried weight of plant and weight of seeds respectively.

UJI VIABILITAS TERHADAP BENIH POLYEMBRIONI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmi Jasmi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Food Storage ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Citrus Seed ◽  
Food Reserves ◽  
Germination And Growth

Seeds are mature ovules. One or more of the ovaries formed in the legume, but never more than one seed formed in the ovaries of monocots. Each ripe seed always consists of at least two parts, namely: (1) Embryo, (2) Seed coat (Seed coat or testa). Embryo is formed or derived from fertilized eggs (zygote) by undergoing cell division in the embryo sac. Seed coat is formed from the integument (one or more) of the ovules. In legumes generally there are two layers of seed coat. Every very young and growing seed always consists of three parts: (1) Embryo, (2) seed coat, (3) Endosperm. Endosperm is a storage food storage network which is absorbed by the embryo before or during seed germination and is always present in very young seeds. Polyembryonics is the presence of more than one embryo in one seed, but these embryos do not always mature or mature, remain undeveloped or degenerate. The purpose of this research is to study the germination of one seed that has more than one embryo and to determine the growth of seedlings from polyembryonic seeds. The results showed that the highest plant growth (plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of orange seeds) was found in orange seeds that had 1 embryo compared to orange seeds which had 2 and 3 embryos. Seed germination and growth is strongly influenced by the amount of food reserves stored in seeds (Magagula and Ossom 2011 in Hasnah M, 2013). Keywords: Citrus Seed, Polyembrioni, Seed Viability

scholarly journals BIO-HERBICIDAL EFFICIENCY OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA AGAINST IMPORTANT HIMALAYAN WEEDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Mamta Sharma ◽  
Rupinder Kaur ◽  
Sunil Puri
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Germination And Growth

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the bioherbicidal activity of Withania somnifera against germination and growth of noxious weeds of Himalaya i.e. Ageratum coenyzoides, Chenopodium album and Achyranthus aspera in a laboratory and foliar spray bioassay which will act as a tool of weed management in the Himalayan region.Methods: Root, stem and leaf aqueous extract of Withania somnifera at 100% concentration were applied to determine their effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of tested weeds under laboratory condition. Foliar spray bioassay was carried out by spraying extracts of Withania somnifera on three-month-old seedlings of weeds for two months. Germination and growth of weeds were assessed using growth parameters into account i.e. germination percentage, stem length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, no of shoot branches and no of root branches.Results: The results revealed that all the aqueous extracts markedly suppressed germination and seedling growth of A. coenyzoides, C. album and A. aspera. Withania extracts remarkably effected germination, the growth of Ageratum coenyzoides in comparison to other studied weeds. The leaf extract of Withania was more pronounced than stem and root extracts in germination assay. Infoliarspray bioassay, aqueous leaf extracts of 100% w/v concentrations were sprayed on three month old seedlings of weeds at an interval of 5 d. All the aqueous extracts significantly suppressed shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight of Ageratum coenyzoides, Chenopodium album and Achyranthus aspera seedling. In foliar spray bioassay, leaf extract suppressed the stem length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, no. of root branches and no of shoot branches of studied weeds more commendably than stem and root extract. The suppression of growth parameters could be attributed to the presence of phytochemicals present in the extracts of Withaniasomnifera.Conclusion: The present study concludes that Withania somnifera contain bio-herbicidal compounds in leaf, stem and root as plant extracts adversely affect weed growth of studied weeds. Henceforth the strategy bio-control of weed is a safe and effective method which could prove a milestone in weed management in Mid-Himalaya.

scholarly journals Diversity in growth and expression pattern of PoHKT1 and PoVHA transporter genes under NaCl stress in Portulaca oleracea taxa

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-248
Author(s):  
R. El-Bakatoushi ◽  
A. Elframawy
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Plant growth and the expression of two transporter genes; PoHKT1 and PoVHA transcripts in root and shoot tissues were studied under salt stress of three Portulaca oleracea s.l. taxa. The study showed no significant differences in ratios between root lengths in saline and non-saline treatments of the three taxa, which was correlated with a clear down-regulation of the PoHKT1 transcripts in the root after 150mM NaCl. All measured growth parameters except root length increased in P. oleraceae, decreased in P. granulatostellulata and remain unchanged after 100mM NaCl in P. nitida compared to control under saline conditions. The result was consistent with the type of taxon which had significant effect on the shoot length, number of leaves and dry weight (P< 0.05). All measured growth parameters except root length showed a significant negative correlation with the shoot fold change of PoHKT1 transcripts (r = -0.607, -0.693 and -0.657 respectively). The regulation of PoVHA in root and shoot tissues in the three taxa are significantly different. Under salt stress, both decreased uptake of Na+ into the cytosol by decreasing the expression of PoHKT1 and increased vascular compartmentalization ability of Na+ by inducing the expression of PoVHA seem to work more efficiently in P. oleraceae and P. nitida than in P. granulato-stellulata.

Germination and Growth Behaviour of Seedlings of Emblica ofƒicinalis Gaertn under Different Light and Nutrient Regimes in Field Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
Laishram Lilabati ◽  
◽  
U.K. Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Emblica Officinalis ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Nutrient Conditions

Emblica officinalis Gaertn. is an important non-timber forest product plant which is known in improving livelihood of the people of north-east India. This plant is widely used in the Indian system of medicines and believed to increase the body immunity against diseases. A trial was made to assess the initial growth performance of seedlings of E. officinalis under three light regimes viz. Open-100% ambient sunlight (FAL), partial-80% ambient sunlight (PAL) and deep shade-40% ambient sunlight (DAL) and four nutrient conditions (NPK, saw dust biochar, cowdung and untreated) during a 3-months period in the Department of Forestry Mizoram University, Mizoram India. After 12 weeks of exposure to different light regimes and nutrient conditions, initial growth parameters of the seedlings like number of leaves, shoot length, root length, biomass and vigour index measured in order to understand the best growth conditions for the plant. The results reveal that seed germination and other growth parameters were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by light regimes and nutrient treatments. The seedling height, number of leaves, shoot length, root length and biomass was significantly higher under FAL. All growth parameters including seed germination were poor under DAL.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Beberapa Dosis Pupuk Dan Beberapa Media Tumbuh Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Jabon (Anthocephalus Cadamba)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Sondri Kurniawan ◽  
Afif Bintoro ◽  
Melya Riniarti
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Soil Medium ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Anthocephalus Cadamba

Jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba) is a fast growing species.Currently, jabon wood is play an important rile for timber industry, included plywood, lamina, and the other timber industry.To improve the quality of wood jabon, necessary for the addition of fertilizer and improved media.Application of multiple doses of fertilizers with several media compositions was expected could increase the growth of jabon wood seedling.This observation aimed to know the effect and interaction of media composition and fertilizer on the growth of jabon wood seedling.The observation was conducted in greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty, Lampung University for 4 months.The observation was compiled factorially (3x4) in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. The first factor was the composition of the soil medium consisting of red-yellow podzolic (100%); red-yellow podzolic + sand (1:1); red-yellow podzolic + rice husk (1:1), while the second factor was the dose of fertilizer consists of 0 g, 0.5 g , 1 g, and 1.5 g. The observed variables are added height, diameter, number of leaves, root length, and total dry weight.The results showed that media composition significantly affected, diameter, number of leaves and total dry weight.Fertilizer did not significantly affected height increment, diameter, number of leaves, root length, and total dry weight, there was no interaction between several media compositions with fertilizer. The best treatment to all growth parameters was red-yellow podzolic soil + sand (1:1) with all fertilizer doses.  Keywords: fertilizer, jabon wood, podzolic,red-yellow, rice husk

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bayam (Ammaranthus tricolor) Secara Hidroponik NFT (Nutrient Film Technique)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
I Made Suarjana ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Apriadi Aviantara ◽  
Gede Arda
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Final Value ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of spacing on the growth and yield of spinach plants with hydroponic NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) and to determine the most effective spacing and spinach results of hydroponic NFT plant growth. This study uses a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatment spacing, namely 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm and 20 cm. Each treatment uses the same number of plants as 15 plants in one gutter. The study was conducted for 20 days. The parameters observed were plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight, root length, and stem diameter. High parameters and number of leaves are measured every two days, while parameters of fresh weight, dry weight, root length, and stem diameter are measured after harvest on the 20th day. For the final value obtained from the calculation of plant height growth parameters, namely JT5 (27.45), JT10 (32.45), JT15 (33.22), and JT20 (32.94). And for the final value obtained from the calculation of the number  leaf growth parameters, namely JT5 (11.21), JT10 (12.19), JT15 (12.51), and JT20 (12.17). While the final value of crop yield parameters for root lengths is JT5 (28.06), JT10 (30.43), JT15 (31.36), JT20 (30.70). For the stem diameter the average value obtained is JT5 (0.72), JT10 (8.84), JT15 (0.90), JT20 (0.85). For fresh weight of plants, the average values ??obtained are JT5 (182.40), JT10 (208.24), JT15 (215.07), JT20 (210.76). And for dry weight, the average value obtained is JT5 (9.51), JT10 (13.52), JT15 (15.05), JT20 (13.71). It can be concluded that from the results of the ANOVA analysis, the treatment of 15 cm spacing had the best results and the spacing of 5 cm showed the lowest results in each treatment observed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of allelopathic effect of fifty Sorghum bicolor L. Genotypes on Germination and Growth of some weed in vitro and in vivo

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
A. A. Aljibouri ◽  
S. N. Mahmoud ◽  
A. W. Alsawani ◽  
I. S. Alsaadawi ◽  
Duha Mysire Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Germination And Growth

The effect of root exudates of fifty Sorghum genotypes on seed germination and seedling growth of millet were studied in vitro. The fifty genotypes were divided into four groups according to their effect on percentage reduction in root and shoot and whole plant average lengths of millet seedling growth. The first group caused slight stimulation, the second slight inhibition, the third gave limited inhibition and the fourth caused high inhibition. In seedling growth. Five genotypes of sorghum were selected, one from group two and four from group four. These five genotypes were cultured in the field in Autumn 2007 and at the end of the season plants were removed, dried and grind. Three concentrations of each of these genotypes powder were prepared, in addition to the control treatment, (0.0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0) g/kg soil to study their effects on the growth of Amaranthus retroflexus which cultured in pots and kept in experimental field. Data on number of leaves, lengths of shoot and root and whole plant were taken as well as wet and dry weight were measured. Percentage of Amaranthus retroflexus seeds germination were evaluated in an experiment cultured in Petri dishes containing concentrations (0.0, 5.0 and 10.0%) of aqueous extracts of each of the five genotypes powder. Results showed high significant inhibition for the four genotypes from group four in comparison with the one genotype from group two. Significant differences among these genotypes in their inhibition on such parameters as shoot, root, whole plant growth, number of leaves, and wet and dry weight. The genotype 2005-K-Type 1050 gave the highest reduction in plant length 53.2% incomparing with the genotype 2005-K-Type 1033 which gave 0.7%. The percentage of seed germination of Amaranthus retroflexus was significantly reduced as the concentration of the aqueous extract increased and there were significant differences among genotypes on this parameter. The concentration of the powder of each genotype added to the soil produced significant reduction in all parameters studied and the effect increased as the concentration increased in soil. This research discusses the potential of the allelopathic effect of some Sorghum genotypes on weed germination and growth reduction and the possibility of employing them in weed control program with the intention to use less herbicide.

scholarly journals Effect of different growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of jamun (Syzygium cumunii L. Skeels)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 138-141
Author(s):  
P. Lepakshi ◽  
P. Vinaya Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Percent Germination ◽  
The Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The study entitled “Effect of different growing media on seed germination and seedling growth ofJamun (Syzygium cumunii L. Skeels)” was carried out at College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, AndhraPradesh, during the year 2018-19.Jamun seeds were sown in media comprising of soil, cocopeat and vermicompost in different ratios, Among which the media comprising of Soil + cocopeat + vermicompost @ 1:1:1 has shown best results in germinationparameters like earlier initiation of germination(10.91 days), less days taken to 50 percent germination(14.5 days) , highest percent of germination at 15 and 30 DAS(48.37% and 98.14 % respectively). The growth parameters likemaximum plant height(96.33cm), more number of leaves(55.75), increased girth(7.58mm) and chlorophyll content, lengthiest primary root(25.82cm), more number of secondary roots per seedling(41.51), highest fresh and dry weight of the shoot(80.24 and 20.67g.) and root and good root: shoot ratio(0.28)at 150 days after sowing were observed in plants that were sown in media comprising of Soil + cocopeat + vermicompost @ 1:1:1.

scholarly journals Exploring the effects of CO2 elevation on seedlings' growth of Acacia senegal in the era of changes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
abdoelmoniem attaelmanan ◽  
Ahmed A. H. Siddig ◽  
Essam I. Warrag
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Acacia senegal is a priority and important C3 tree species in drylands of Sudan and across the gum belt. Investigation of its seedlings response to elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2) is important as atmospheric ([CO2]) has increased and predicted to continue to rise. Many studies showed that eCO2 causes increased photosynthesis in plants, which leads to greater production of carbohydrates and biomass, and increased soil organic matter and carbon content. This study investigated the effects of eCO2 on A. senegal seedlings grown in sand and silt soils under irrigation intervals of every day and every two days. Seven days old seedlings were assigned to the treatments in Split - spilt plot design for 4 weeks. The main plot is eCO2 (600-800 ppm) and ambient (≥400 ppm) under Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) system. Subplots are irrigation intervals and soil types. Seedling height and number of leaves were measured weekly, and seedlings were harvested after 4 weeks where growth parameters and soil properties were measured. The eCO2 showed no effect on the measured parameters except the significant increase in tap-root length. However, the irrigation every day showed significant increase than every two days in seedling's height, number of leaves, root length and seedling's dry weight but not seedling's and soil C% & N%. Soil treatment showed effects on stem height, leaf number, seedling's dry weight, leaves and root N% and soil C% but not root length, seedling C% and soil N%. The results indicate the importance of soil moisture, physical and chemical properties that reflects adaptation of the species to its dry land environment.

scholarly journals Bioherbicidal Actions of Common Purslane on Seed Germination and Growth of Some Crop and Weed Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012107
Author(s):  
Saber W. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Common Purslane ◽  
Germination And Growth

Abstract This study was conducted to examine allelopathic actions of Common Purslane Portulaca oleracea L. aqueous shoot and root extracts on germination of seeds and some growth parameters of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rapeseed (Brassica napus). The experiment was performed in sterilized Petri dishes for one week at 22 °C. The experiment was arranged for completely randomized design. The concentrations were chosen for this study as (0%, 3%, 6% and 9%). The results indicated that the higher concentrations (6% and 9%) of both shoot and root extracts of common purslane caused significant reduction in seed germination whereas the lowest concentration caused the least negative impact on seed germination. Other growth polarimeters such as shoot and root length and shoot and root oven dry weight were significantly inhibited by the application of both Common Purslane aqueous shoot and root extracts at concentrations (6% and 9%) in wheat T. aestivum and rapeseed B. napus. However, dicot B. napus turned out to be more effected than monocot T. aestivum. The findings of this study suggest that common purslane aqueous shoot and root extracts can be recommended to utilize as bio-herbicide to supress seed germination and growth of weeds.

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