scholarly journals Nutrition Solutions to Counter Health Impact of Air Pollution: Scientific Evidence of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamins Alleviating Some Harmful Effects of PM2.5

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Harmful Effects

scholarly journals Dietary sources of omega 3 fatty acids: public health risks and benefits

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (S2) ◽  
pp. S23-S52 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Tur ◽  
M. M. Bibiloni ◽  
A. Sureda ◽  
A. Pons
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Public Health Risks ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Health Risks And Benefits

Omega 3 fatty acids can be obtained from several sources, and should be added to the daily diet to enjoy a good health and to prevent many diseases. Worldwide, general population use omega-3 fatty acid supplements and enriched foods to get and maintain adequate amounts of these fatty acids. The aim of this paper was to review main scientific evidence regarding the public health risks and benefits of the dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids. A systematic literature search was performed, and one hundred and forty-five articles were included in the results for their methodological quality. The literature described benefits and risks of algal, fish oil, plant, enriched dairy products, animal-derived food, krill oil, and seal oil omega-3 fatty acids.

Human evolution and diet: a modern conundrum of health versus meat consumption, or is it?

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Wild Game ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
The Many ◽  
Vocal Minority ◽  
Anthropological Literature ◽  
Long Chain

Despite negative press reports on the effect of meat and other animal-source foods (ASFs) on human health and a vocal minority who contend that humans evolved as vegetarians, scientific evidence contradicts these views. For several million years before the development of agriculture, our ancestors were heavily reliant on ASFs as a source of energy and critical substrates such as protein and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Numerous lines of evidence in the anthropological literature have confirmed this scenario. Studies on ASF composition and clinical trials on ASF consumption have provided clear evidence of a requirement for meat in the diet to provide nutrients essential to health, such as Vitamin B12, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and bioavailable forms of iron and zinc. Other studies have demonstrated that lean ASFs have a role in cholesterol-lowering diets and are important for mental function. Finally, it is possible and desirable to produce meat of a lean nature that mimics the many healthy attributes of wild-game meats and, by emphasising pasture feeding over grain feeding, this can be achieved to a large extent in Australia.

scholarly journals Omega 3 fatty acids and inborn errors of metabolism

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (S2) ◽  
pp. S129-S136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Gil-Campos ◽  
Pablo Sanjurjo Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Inborn Errors Of Metabolism ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Double Blind

A number of studies are investigating the role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with metabolic inborn errors, while the effects on visual and brain development in premature infants and neonates are well known. However, their function incertain chronic neurological, inflammatory and metabolic disorders is still under study. Standards should be established to help identify the need of docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in conditions requiring a restricted diet resulting in an altered metabolism system, and find scientific evidence on the effects of such supplementation. This study reviews relevant published literature to propose adequate n-3 intake or supplementation doses for different ages and pathologies. The aim of this review is to examine the effects of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in preventing cognitive impairment or in retarding its progress, and to identify nutritional deficiencies, in children with inborn errors of metabolism. Trials were identified from a search of the Cochrane and MEDLINE databases in 2011. These databases include all major completed and ongoing double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trials, as well as all studies in which omega-3 supplementation was administered to children with inborn errors, and studies assessing omega-3 fatty acids status in plasma in these pathologies. Although few randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria of this review, some evidenced that most of children with inborn errors are deficient in omega-3 fatty acids, and demonstrated that supplementation might improve their neural function, or prevent the progression of neurological impairment. Nontheless, further investigations are needed on this issue.

scholarly journals Review Probable Ingredients for Trans Free Margarine with Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ajmal ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem ◽  
Maryam Batool ◽  
Imran Taj Khan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega Fatty Acids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Chia Oil

Margarine is widely used as table spread, in cooking and bakery products. Awareness of consumers regarding the intake of omega fatty acids has led the food industry to develop foods which are rich sources of omega fatty acids. Harmful effects of trans on the development of cardiovascular diseases have steered the researchers to find out wide range of trans free options, without compromising on functional and physical properties of fats. Nutritionists recommend margarine for the growing and school going babies, it is usually manufactured from the combination of hard and soft fats, followed by the addition of vitamins A, D and E. However, little is known regarding the supplementation of margarines with omega fatty acids of chia oil. This paper summarizes the physical and chemical characteristics of few ingredients that may be  used  in  the  formulation  of  trans  free  margarine  with  higher  magnitude  of  omega  fatty  acids.

scholarly journals Consumer perception versus scientific evidence about health benefits and safety risks from fish consumption

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Verbeke ◽  
Isabelle Sioen ◽  
Zuzanna Pieniak ◽  
John Van Camp ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Consumer Perception ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Harmful Substances

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the gap between consumer perception and scientific evidence related to health benefits and safety risks from fish consumption.DesignConsumer perceptions from a cross-sectional survey in March 2003 in Belgium were compared with scientific evidence based on a literature review.MethodA quota sampling procedure was used with age as quota control variable. Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire including health benefit beliefs from fish, fish content and effect beliefs for nutrients and harmful substances.SubjectsAdults (n=429), who were the main person responsible for food purchasing in the household (284 women; 145 men), aged 18–83 years, from different regional, education, family size and income groups.ResultsFish is predominantly perceived as a healthy food that reduces risk for coronary heart disease, which corroborates scientific evidence. This perception is stronger among women than among men. In contrast with scientific evidence, 46% of the consumers believe that fish contains dietary fibre, whereas less than one-third is aware that fish contains omega-3 fatty acids and that this nutrient has a positive impact on human health. The gap between perception and evidence is larger among consumers with lower education. In general, consumers are better aware of the content and effect of harmful substances than of nutrients in fish.ConclusionsDespite conclusive evidence about the content and positive effect of omega-3 fatty acids in fish, related consumer awareness and beliefs are poor and often wrong. This study exemplifies the need for nutrition education and more effective communication about the health benefits of fish consumption.

scholarly journals The Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Mitochondrial Respiration in Circulating Platelets: The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 473-473
Author(s):  
Wan Shen ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
James Samet ◽  
Haiyan Tong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiration ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Respiratory Parameters ◽  
Mitochondrial Respiratory

Abstract Objectives Circulating platelets act as “fast responders” to endothelial damages. Dietary long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to ameliorate cardiovascular function decrement after exposure to air pollution. This project aimed to explore the role of omega-3 fatty acids in mitochondrial respiratory function in circulating platelets exposed to ambient air pollution. Methods Platelets were isolated from healthy male adult volunteers (n = 20) from the Research Triangle Area (RTP), NC and measured for mitochondrial respiratory rates using an extracellular flux analyzer (Seahorse Mitochondrial Stress Test). Omega-3 indices were measured in total blood by OmegaQuant LLC. Local ambient air pollution data were obtained from the ambient air quality monitoring stations. Results Oxygen consumption rates corresponding to maximum mitochondrial respiration and spare respiration capacity were correlated with PM2.5 levels (r = 0.56 and r = 0.57 respectively, all P < 0.05). Additionally, moderation analysis revealed that the associations between these respiratory parameters and PM2.5 levels were contingent upon the levels of omega-3 indices (all P < 0.05). Specifically, the Johnson-Neyman method indicated that for omega-3 indices of 5.11 or higher, the two associations reached statistically significant: levels of PM2.5 were positively correlated with the two respiratory parameters. Conclusions Taken together, these preliminary findings suggest that exposure to PM2.5 increases platelet mitochondrial respiration and that this effect is potentiated by omega-3 fatty acids. Funding Sources This project was supported by the U.S. EPA Intramural Research Program.

scholarly journals Modest effects of dietary supplements during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from 445 850 users of the COVID-19 Symptom Study app

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2021-000250
Author(s):  
Panayiotis Louca ◽  
Benjamin Murray ◽  
Kerstin Klaser ◽  
Mark S Graham ◽  
Mohsen Mazidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesDietary supplements may ameliorate SARS-CoV-2 infection, although scientific evidence to support such a role is lacking. We investigated whether users of the COVID-19 Symptom Study app who regularly took dietary supplements were less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection.DesignApp-based community survey.Setting445 850 subscribers of an app that was launched to enable self-reported information related to SARS-CoV-2 infection for use in the general population in the UK (n=372 720), the USA (n=45 757) and Sweden (n=27 373).Main exposureSelf-reported regular dietary supplement usage (constant use during previous 3 months) in the first waves of the pandemic up to 31 July 2020.Main outcome measuresSARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by viral RNA reverse transcriptase PCR test or serology test before 31 July 2020.ResultsIn 372 720 UK participants (175 652 supplement users and 197 068 non-users), those taking probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, multivitamins or vitamin D had a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 14% (95% CI (8% to 19%)), 12% (95% CI (8% to 16%)), 13% (95% CI (10% to 16%)) and 9% (95% CI (6% to 12%)), respectively, after adjusting for potential confounders. No effect was observed for those taking vitamin C, zinc or garlic supplements. On stratification by sex, age and body mass index (BMI), the protective associations in individuals taking probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, multivitamins and vitamin D were observed in females across all ages and BMI groups, but were not seen in men. The same overall pattern of association was observed in both the US and Swedish cohorts.ConclusionIn women, we observed a modest but significant association between use of probiotics, omega-3 fatty acid, multivitamin or vitamin D supplements and lower risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. We found no clear benefits for men nor any effect of vitamin C, garlic or zinc. Randomised controlled trials are required to confirm these observational findings before any therapeutic recommendations can be made.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document