scholarly journals Echinochloa crusgalli var. Mitis metabolism as resistance mechanism to imazapyr and imazapic

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Joice Fernanda Lübke Bonow ◽  
André Andres ◽  
Fabiane Pinto Lamego
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The State ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Echinochloa Crusgalli ◽  
Control Response ◽  
Als Inhibitor ◽  
Continuous Use

Selection pressure caused by continuous use of imazapyr and imazapic herbicides in rice fields without crop rotation, has selected for resistant biotypes of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis. To know the mechanism of resistance involved becomes important in order to define effective management strategies. Therefore, the objective of this work was to verify if enhanced metabolism of herbicide is responsible for imazapyr and imazapic resistance in Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis biotypes from Rio Grande (ECH38 resistant and ECH44 susceptible), Pelotas (ECH1 resistant and ECH14 susceptible) and Arroio Grande (ECH27 resistant) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. For this purpose, forty-nine biotypes were collected from the southern region of the state in areas with barnyard grass control difficulties with ALS inhibitor herbicides. The treatments of study consisted of application of malathion (1000 g a.i. ha-1) and piperonyl butoxide (525 g a.i. ha-1), inhibitors of the cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase enzymes and after 60 minutes, preceding herbicide application (73.5 + 24.5 g a.e. ha-1. Visual control evaluations were taken at 14 and 28 days after treatments (DAT) and shoot dry mass (SDM) determination at 28 DAT. The results indicate that the application of inhibitors does not alter the control response of the ECH38, but shows a significant increase in phytotoxicity in 28 DAT, with values of 78% for the ECH1. The use of Malathion associated with the herbicide provided a reduction in the SDM of 1.34 g.plant-1 in relation to the isolated application of herbicide and for piperonyl butoxide (PBO) of 1.28 g.plant-1 for the resistant biotype from Pelotas. For ECH27, the SDM reduction was lower than the values of 0.87 g.plant-1 for Malathion and 1.04 g.plant-1 for PBO. The resistance mechanism to imazapyr + imazapic herbicide in Pelotas and Arroio Grande biotypes is related to increased metabolism of the herbicide, and it cannot be stated that this mechanism is involved in the resistance of the ECH38 biotype.

scholarly journals Fitness of Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis biotypes susceptible and resistant to imazapyr + imazapic herbicide

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-747
Author(s):  
Joice Fernanda Lübke Bonow ◽  
Fabiane Pinto Lamego ◽  
André Andres ◽  
Eduardo Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Echinochloa Crusgalli ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Als Inhibitors ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Selection Of

The continuous use of herbicides with the same mechanism of action has caused the selection of resistant weed biotype that may present differences in fitness when compared with susceptible biotype. The objective of the present study was to identify and distinguish the fitness of barnyardgrass biotypes resistant and susceptible to imazapyr + imazapic herbicide under controlled and noncompetitive conditions. For that, there were used barnyardgrass biotype susceptible (ECH1 and ECH38) and resistant (ECH14 and ECH44) to ALS inhibitors, collected at Pelotas/RS and Rio Grande/RS cities, respectively, in experiment installed in a greenhouse in a completely randomized experimental design during the months from October to December 2015. The biotype were evaluated during the period of 15 to 120 days after the emergence related to plant height, foliar area, shoot dry matter mass and root dry matter mass. The results showed insignificant differences between the biotypes during the development of the plants. The susceptible biotype ECH44 showed a higher number of panicles per plant and seeds along with the resistant ECH1. There is variability among Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis biotypes resistant and susceptible to ALS inhibitors, indicating an absence in fitness penalty caused by resistance when cultivated without the selection of pressure (herbicide).

scholarly journals Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea Latreille, 1802: new continent record and distribution extension in Brazil

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Juventina Magrini ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Marcio Uehara-Prado
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
First Time

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic species S. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundant isopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia.

Epidemiology of influenza B infection in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2003 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Beretta Duarte ◽  
Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini ◽  
Letícia G. Martins ◽  
Ana Beatriz G. Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Three Years Later: Report on the State of Well-Being of Patients with Chronic Tinnitus Who Underwent Modified Tinnitus Retraining Therapy

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Seydel ◽  
Heidemarie Haupt ◽  
Agnieszka J. Szczepek ◽  
Anne Hartmann ◽  
Matthias Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Chronic Tinnitus ◽  
Tinnitus Retraining Therapy ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Retraining Therapy ◽  
Treatment Onset ◽  
A Minor

Successful management of patients with chronic tinnitus is an important health issue. One of the tinnitus management strategies used at our Tinnitus Center is a combination of tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) with physiotherapy and psychological management [called modified TRT (MTRT)]. We have used this type of management for over a decade and have described the protocol in detail elsewhere. In the present study, we wanted to determine the effect of MTRT on the well-being of tinnitus patients 3 years after treatment onset. One hundred and thirty patients with chronic tinnitus were assessed using psychometric instruments immediately before 7-day MTRT, immediately after the therapy and 3 years later. Patients with very severe tinnitus-related distress associated with major depression and a risk of suicide were excluded from this study. MTRT resulted in a sustained reduction of tinnitus-related distress. Moreover, the quality of life of patients had increased, as assessed by a separate questionnaire. The effect of MTRT was influenced by the degree of tinnitus-related distress and by the patients' age, the latter being gender dependent. Hearing loss and tinnitus duration had only a minor influence on the therapeutic effect. Taken together, we report a positive change in the state of well-being of patients with chronic tinnitus measurable with various psychometric instruments 3 years after the onset of MTRT. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

scholarly journals Access to treatment for phenylketonuria by judicial means in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Mangueira Trevisan ◽  
Tatiele Nalin ◽  
Tassia Tonon ◽  
Lauren Monteiro Veiga ◽  
Paula Vargas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diseases ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
The State ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Legal Remedy ◽  
The Right

Treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) includes the use of a metabolic formula which should be provided free of charge by the Unified Health System (SUS). This retrospective, observational study sought to characterize judicial channels to obtain PKU treatment in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Lawsuits filed between 2001- 2010 and having as beneficiaries PKU patients requesting treatment for the disease were included. Of 20 lawsuits filed, corresponding to 16.8% of RS patients with PKU, 19 were retrieved for analysis. Of these, only two sought to obtain therapies other than metabolic formula. In all the other 17 cases, prior treatment requests had been granted by the State Department of Health. Defendants included the State (n = 19), the Union (n = 1), and municipalities (n = 4). In 18/19 cases, the courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. Violation of the right to health and discontinuation of State-provided treatment were the main reasons for judicial recourse. Unlike other genetic diseases, patients with PKU seek legal remedy to obtain a product already covered by the national pharmaceutical assistance policy, suggesting that management failures are a driving factor for judicialization in Brazil.

scholarly journals Selection of cotton lines for high oil content

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 530-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Paulo de Carvalho ◽  
Josiane Isabela da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Francisco José Correia Farias
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the oil content and characters related to fiber quality and yield in cotton lines (Gossypium hirsutum), in order to select genotypes with high oil content and acceptable levels of the other characters. Twenty-two F6 lines and three checks were cultivated in three field trials - two in the municipality of Apodi, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, and one in the municipality of Barbalha, in the state of Ceará, both in Brazil. The genetic parameters and the genetic gain from selecting 20% of the lines were estimated according to their means in each environment and in the group of environments. Regarding oil content, there is genetic variability, and the selection based on the overall mean is indicated, since this character showed high heritability, with 4.58% expected gain. The lines selected with this criterion have oil contents between 23.52 and 24.51%, which are higher than those of the Brazilian cultivar BRS Aroeira with the highest grain oil content (22.04%).

scholarly journals The effectiveness of capital management strategies used by the investment funds in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Paweł Trippner
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Financial Intermediation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Capital Management ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Location Policy

Abstract Collective investors play an extremely important role in the financial system of the state and in the economy. They operate in the financial market as institutions that enable households and businesses to convert savings into investments. Investment funds are the most conventional institutions which are dealing with financial intermediation. The main purpose of the submitted paper is to characterise the essence of investment funds operation in the role as financial intermediaries, to present the investment strategies and to characterise the methodology for measuring the effectiveness of capital management entrusted by the clients. The author has formulated a research hypothesis, according to which, the strategies of capital location policy used by the investment funds have an impact on the level of their performance, while funds holding higher risk portfolios perform better compared to the funds using passive investment strategies

scholarly journals Occurrence of Lysiphlebus testaceipes parasitizing Aphis gossypii in watermelon in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2030-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pacelli Medeiros Macedo ◽  
Edmondson Reginaldo Moura Filho ◽  
Adriano Soares Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Souza Bezerra ◽  
Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The State ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Almost All

This is the first report of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) as a biological control agent of the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover in watermelon crop in Vale do Açu, RN. It was observed that near the harvest, almost all collected aphids were mummified, and after analyzing the emerged parasitoids, the parasitoid L. testaceipes was identified. Therefore, in the future, this species may be included in A. gossypii integrated management programs.

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