scholarly journals The Gǝʿǝz Version of Philo of Carpasia’s Commentary on Canticle of Canticles 1:2–14a: Introductory Notes

Aethiopica ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 22-52
Author(s):  
Tedros Abraha
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Translation Technique

The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of little known Gǝʿǝz texts ascribed to Philo, namely: fragments of a Paschal Homily, a bulky but incomplete commentary on the Pauline Corpus and a fragment of Philo of Carpasia’s commentary on the Canticle of Canticles. While concentrating mainly on the latter, the present article wants to draw attention to linguistic characteristics common to the trilogy which is associated with the name Philo. The Gǝʿǝz version of Philo of Carpasia’s Commentary is a rare example of a strictly paratactic translation which is keen to reproduce literally the Greek text from which it depended. The outcome is a hardly understandable Gǝʿǝz text which is however interesting as a unique witness of an ancient translation technique. The Philonian trilogy is among other aspects, a mine of unknown or little attested Gǝʿǝz terms.  

The Book of Job

2021 ◽  
pp. 368-383
Author(s):  
Maria Gorea
Keyword(s):  
Greek Text ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
Book Of Job ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Original Length

The Greek version of the book of Job in its primitive form (OG) presents a text that is 389 stichs shorter than that of the Hebrew textus receptus. The pre-Hexaplaric Greek text is attested by scattered quotations from some Latin authors, by the Coptic-Sahidic version, or by the Greek Testament of Job. Origen filled the lacunae with revised material in order to restore the original length of the text. While the literal approach of this asterisked material towards the Hebrew helps in determining the translation technique that the translator followed, the OG text shows less concern for literality. Origen’s Hexaplaric Septuagint is hybrid because the lacunae were not simply the result of mere omissions, but also verses that were summarized or more synthetic. The ecclesiastical version preserved these additions and manuscripts have carefully indicated them, as also modern editions.

Das griechische Bekenntnis des Akakios von Beroia (CPG 6481) wiederhergestellt

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfram Kinzig
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Latin Translation ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
The Third ◽  
Recent Edition ◽  
Ecumenical Council

AbstractThe author presents a new reconstruction of most of the Greek text of a confession of faith which has only been preserved in its entirety in a Latin translation ascribed to Acacius of Beroea (ca. 330−433 C.E.; cf. CPG 6481). The extant Greek fragments have come down to us under the name of Amphilochius of Iconium (d. 398/404); they have once again been included in a recent edition of Amphilochius’ work by Michel Bonnet and Sever J. Voicu (Sources Chretiennes, vol. 553). Nonetheless, the present article argues that the Christological passages of the text better fit the situation in the aftermath of the Third Ecumenical Council of 431 and in fact resemble the Christmas sermons delivered by one of Acacius followers, Paul of Emesa, in Alexandria in 432/433.

Haggai and Zechariah in Greek Psalm Superscriptions

Textus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-144
Author(s):  
Michael Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Hebrew Text ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Greek Translation ◽  
History Of Interpretation ◽  
Greek Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Do So

Abstract The multiplication of psalm superscriptions in the Greek Psalter vis-à-vis the MT raises a question about whether such additions were prompted by the Hebrew or by the Greek text. The present article attempts to answer this question specifically regarding the addition of the names of the prophets Haggai and Zechariah in LXX-Pss 110; 111; 137; 138; 145–150 (= MT 111; 112; 138; 139; 146–150). The thesis is that these names were added secondarily and exclusively within Greek tradition, but the basis for the decision to do so in each case can be traced back to the main body of the Hebrew psalm behind the Greek translation in one of three ways. Thus, the superscriptions are not only part of the history of interpretation of the Greek Psalter but also part of the history of interpretation of the Hebrew text behind it.

The Text of Jeremiah: Re-Examining the Evidence from Kings

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
James Frohlich ◽  
Henk de Waard
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Hebrew Text ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Greek Translation ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Hebrew Version ◽  
Old Greek ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parallel Texts

Abstract Jeremiah 52 largely parallels 2 Kgs 25, and Jer 40–43 contains various sentences that are also found in 2 Kgs 25:22–26. The present article compares these parallel texts, in order to determine the relationship between the Masoretic text of Jeremiah and the book’s Old Greek translation. It concludes that this relationship is complex, but that the agreements between the Greek text of Jeremiah and the Hebrew text of Kings support the view that the Old Greek of Jeremiah reflects an early Hebrew version of the book.

scholarly journals Respect for the Doctor (Sir 38:1-3)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-62
Author(s):  
Andrzej Piwowar
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Belief In God ◽  
The People ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hebrew Version ◽  
Essential Prerequisite

The first part of the article synthetically presents the Old Testament Israelites’ attitude to doctors and their activities. It is an essential prerequisite for the depiction of the innovative approach to the issue proposed by Sirach in Sir 38:1-15. Subsequently, the translation of the text’s Greek version into Polish is presented and the pericope’s structure is divided into four parts: I. 38:1-3 – respect for the doctor, II. 38:4-8 – the value of medicine, III. 38:9-11 – the relation of the sick to God, and IV. 38:12-15 – the doctor’s role in treating the sick. The present article is devoted to the exegetico-theological analysis of the first part of the Greek version of Sir 38:1-15, that is of 38:1-3. Even though the article is based primarily on the Greek text of the verses, it takes into account its original Hebrew version as well. Sirach calls the believing Israelites to completely change their perception of doctors and their activities. He encourages his readers not to reject doctors but to treat them with respect and reverence, and, indirectly, not to ignore the doctor’s efforts meant to restore health to the sick one. The sage justifies his novel approach with two arguments. First, doctors were created by God and given the task of aiding the sick in their suffering. They are a mere tool in God’s hands, for God is the only Doctor that can truly heal a person (this aspect is emphasized more by the Hebrew than by the Greek text). Secondly, doctors deserve respect for even kings and dignitaries benefit from their service and treat them with respect and reverence. In 38:1-3 Sirach offers a perfect synthesis of Israel’s traditional belief in God, who is the only doctor able to heal a person, with the Hellenistic influence related to medicine and the people who dabble in it.

scholarly journals Theological and Exegetical Foundations of some Translation Solutions in BTD (Based on the Gospel of Matthew)

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Нил Лазаренко
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Gospel Of Matthew ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Weak Point ◽  
German Translation

В 2018 г. вышел в свет новый перевод Четвероевангелия на немецкий язык, выполненный схиархимандритом Сербской Православной Церкви Иустином (Рауером). В статье анализируется ряд мест из Евангелия от Матфея. Будучи участником редакционной коммиссии перевода, автор статьи объясняет, какими соображениями руководствовался переводчик в тех или иных случаях, дает филологические и богословские основания переводческих решений, указывает на преимущества (или в одном случае - на недостаток) нового перевода в сравнении с другими переводами. Особое внимание уделяется тем местам, где немецкий перевод отличается от существующих русских переводов. В статье получают освещение следующие филологические и богословские аспекты библейского перевода: проблема точной передачи семантики греческой лексемы и сохранения в переводе возможных аллюзий на параллельные библейские места (примеры 1 и 8), переинтерпретация традиционного богословского понятия, опирающаяся, в частности, на его этимологию (пример 2), богословские возможности «буквального» перевода (пример 4), смысловая ущербность «буквального» перевода (пример 5), трудность передачи полисемии греческой лексемы (пример 6), перевод эллиптических конструкций (примеры 10, 12 и 13), древнееврейский субстрат евангельского текста (пример 9 и 11). В примерах 3 и 7 предлагается более точный перевод греческого текста. In 2018 a new German translation of the Greek text of the Four Gospels in the Byzantine tradition (BTD) was published. The translator is Schiarchimandrite Justin (Rauer) of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The present article deals with a number of passages in the Gospel of Matthew (BTD). Himself a member of the redactional team, the author gives philological and theological grounds for translation solutions of BTD in these passages and explains what are the strong points (and in one case - the weak point) of BTD compared with other Gospel translations. Special attention is paid to the passages, where the German translation differs from the existing Russian renderings. The author treats the following philological and theological topics: the difficulty to render the Greek word exactly so that the possibilities of interpretation and allusions to other Biblical passages present in the source text are retained in the translation (examples 1 and 8); a reinterpretation of a traditional theological notion based on etymology (example 2), theological possibilities and limits of literal renderings (examples 4 and 5), the difficulty to convey the polysemy of the Greek word in the translation (example 6), the translation of elliptic constructions (examples 10, 12 and 13), Hebrew background of the Gospel text (example 9 and 11). Examples 3 and 7 offer a more precise translation of the Greek text.

scholarly journals A Fragment of the Syriac Translation of Aristotle’s Poetics Preserved by Jacob Bar Shakko

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-137
Author(s):  
Yury Arzhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Greek Manuscript ◽  
The One

The fragment of the Syriac translation of Aristotle’s Poetics preserved by Jacob (Severus) Bar Shakko (d. 1241) comprises Poet. VI 1449b24–1450a10. In spite of its small size, it serves as an important witness both to the Greek text of the Poetics, and to the reception of this work in the Christian Orient and, later on, in the Muslim world. The fragment derives from a translation, which most likely appeared in West Syriac circles in the 7th/8th centuries AD and later served as the basis for the Arabic translation of the Poetics made by Abū Bishr Mattā ibn Yūnus in the 10th century. The present article includes a new edition of the Syriac text preserved by Bar Shakko, which is based on the collation of six manuscripts and is accompanied by an English translation. The article also provides a detailed analysis of the Syriac fragment as compared to the transmitted Greek text of the Poetics, on the one hand, and to the Arabic translation of it by Abū Bishr, on the other. This comparison allows an assumption that the Syriac version is most likely based on a Greek manuscript, which may have contained glosses and scholia. A Greek and Syriac glossary is attached at the end of the article.

The Psalter

2021 ◽  
pp. 335-352
Author(s):  
Staffan Olofsson
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
First Century ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
Sitz Im Leben ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Christian Literature

The LXX Psalms, dating from the second or the first century bce, is one of the most frequently discussed books in Septuagint studies. The chapter assesses major theories and recent developments in studies regarding the date and provenance of the translation, discusses its Sitz im Leben, gives an overview and emphasizes the importance of textual criticism of the Hebrew as well as the Greek text for scholarly work, presents translation models employed, with an emphasis on the Interlinear Paradigm, but also delves into specific details regarding the literal translation technique in the Psalms. The question whether and in what sense the translators’ theological background and milieu has influenced his translation is discussed. In the end the dependence of the Pentateuch on the Psalms and the extensive use of LXX Psalms in later Jewish and Christian literature is briefly presented.

Joshua and Judges

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-215
Author(s):  
Natalio Fernández Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Present State ◽  
Greek Text ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Translation Technique ◽  
History Of ◽  
Old Greek ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Structure Language

These two books are treated in the same chapter: they are contiguous in both Jewish and Christian collections, and LXX Joshua provides two extra verses that form a ‘bridge’ to Judges. Though their Septuagintal forms are dissimilar textually, they each present particular challenges to editors. LXX Joshua is shorter than the Hebrew MT, while LXX Judges displays a very different text in the two main codices, Vaticanus and Alexandrinus. In both cases it is very difficult to determine what the original Greek translations would have looked like. The section on Joshua describes the present state of the question concerning the structure, language, and translation technique of the book. The conclusion indicates the most promising directions of the research, namely the analysis of the language in comparison with the other books of the Septuagint and with the history of the Greek language; the study of the Antiochian text in Joshua; the relationship between the Masoretic Text and the Greek text as well as between textual and literary criticism. The section on Judges classifies and describes the textual groups of Judges, including the present state of the question. Some of the most promising directions of research are the production of a critical edition of Judges in the Göttingen series maior; the analysis of the Antiochian text; the translation technique of the Old Greek and the relationship between the Masoretic Text and the different groups of Greek manuscripts, especially the groups A and B.

The German Post-Critical Belief Scale: Internal and External Validity

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart Duriez ◽  
Claudia Appel ◽  
Dirk Hutsebaut
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Present Article ◽  
External Validity ◽  
German Version ◽  
Dutch Version ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Internal And External Validity

Abstract: Recently, Duriez, Fontaine and Hutsebaut (2000) and Fontaine, Duriez, Luyten and Hutsebaut (2003) constructed the Post-Critical Belief Scale in order to measure the two religiosity dimensions along which Wulff (1991 , 1997 ) summarized the various possible approaches to religion: Exclusion vs. Inclusion of Transcendence and Literal vs. Symbolic. In the present article, the German version of this scale is presented. Results obtained in a heterogeneous German sample (N = 216) suggest that the internal structure of the German version fits the internal structure of the original Dutch version. Moreover, the observed relation between the Literal vs. Symbolic dimension and racism, which was in line with previous studies ( Duriez, in press ), supports the external validity of the German version.

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