scholarly journals The organizational basis of the construction of the Soviet militia and the problems of their implementation in the Far East (October 1917 ‒ the beginning of the 1920s)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Тatyana А. Ornatskaya
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Temporary Suspension ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Important Milestone

Introduction. Currently, the centenary of the Russian revolution is widely celebrated ‒ an important milestone providing an opportunity to draw a line and analyze the events of a century ago. Together there are centuries-old anniversaries and other state structures formed in Soviet Russia. Materials and Methods. The end of the XX century was marked by access of a wide range of researchers to departmental archival materials. Expanding the availability of archival documents allows to critically assessing the formation of the Soviet militia. The author, using a regional approach, reveals little-known pages of the first far Eastern militia. Results. The purpose of this study is to cover the first period, i.e. before the beginning of the Civil war in the region, the activities of Soviet militia officers the article highlights the difficulties of the organizational construction of the Soviet militia in the Far East. The author, noting the remoteness of the region, the small number of the party stratum, rampant banditry that did not allow implementing the principles of the Soviet construction of the militia, defined by the leadership of the country, highlights the process of formation of the Soviet militia apparatus. Discussion and Conclusions. In conclusion, it is concluded that the fall of Soviet power in the Far East predetermined the transition of party leaders to an illegal situation, and, consequently, the temporary suspension of the activities of the Soviet militia.

FAR EASTERN POLICY OF THE POST-SOVIET RUSSIA IN THE END OF THE XX CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 21st CENTURY: CONCEPTS, EXPERT OPINIONS AND PUBLICISTS’ VIEWPOINTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/1) ◽  
pp. 30-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. VASHCHUK
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Government ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Early 21St Century

Investigation of Russia’s turnabout to the East is a bright feature of  the national humanitarian space of the early 21st century.  Publications on this topic include the works of economists,  geographers, sociologists and historians. It contains various  viewpoints on the part that the Far Eastern region played in the  social and economic development of Russia, as well as different  genres (varying from publicism to scientific research), and expert  assessments and recommendations to the government. The article  deals with historiographic review of the emerging scientific trend and complements it with the methodology of social and political  history. Humanitarians are considered to be part of the transformed  “society-government” system. The analytics covers a variety of  opinions on the two transformation stages of the post-Soviet history: the Far East during the 1990s and the first fifteen years of the 21st  century. That allows tracing the interrelation between the regional  policy and the intellectuals’ reflection on it. The author comes to the  following conclusion: in 1990s speaking about the Far Eastern policy the experts’ society is rather unanimous in characterizing the  consequences of the reforms as disastrous; but regarding the  “turnabout to the East” the opinions become more varied; optimistic  and pessimistic experts present extreme poles. The role of the Far  East the Russian history of the early 21st century is rather  controversial: on the one hand the region is a kind of problem for  the Centre, and on the other hand, active development of the east is an essential part of the new stage in the development of Russia.

scholarly journals THE INFORMATION BASE OF SIBERIAN AND THE FAR EASTERN LIBRARIES’ LOCAL HISTORY ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
L. A. Mandrinina ◽  
V. V. Rykova
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Local History ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Books ◽  
Far Eastern

The article provides a brief overview of library local lore activity with an emphasis on the local lore direction in book studies and bibliography of the Siberian- Far Eastern region; names organizations providing information support for local lore activities of libraries; lists local lore resources on the websites of regional libraries in Siberia and the Far East. Special attention is paid to the resources generated by the State Public Scientific Technological Library of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which is the center for information support of local history research in Asian Russia, and obtains unique techniques to create regional databases, as well as highly qualified specialists. It presents a list of databases providing information support of theoretical and practical aspects of local history activity in the regional libraries. Authors give a detailed description of DB “Scientific Sibirika”, which includes regional material on a wide range of local history: history, ethnography, economy, nature and natural resources of certain territories of Siberia and the Far East, Arctic. It is shown that theoretical and methodological research in the field of library local history, individual persons, are presented in the “professional” DB “Librarianship and bibliography in Siberia and the Far East”, which has a special heading “Local lore activities of libraries in Siberia and the Far East”; the bibliologic direction of local lore is implemented in the bibliographic DB “History of books and book business in Siberia and the Far East”. The paper concludes about the importance of library local history in the library activities, and the need to attract information resources of large libraries for more complete implementation of local history research.

scholarly journals Reaction of the Far East to the Transition to Open Forms of Trade in the Mid-1930s

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
Larisa A. Dudar ◽  
◽  
Alexander A. Isaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Far East ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Family ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Far Eastern

Referring to archival documents, this article considers the sentiments of the Far Eastern population of the USSR and its reaction to the transition from the rationing system to free trade which started on 1 January 1935. The study of the socio-psychological aspects of important events and phenomena of the mid-1930s, including public sentiments, is relevant as they contribute to the recreation of the psychological portrait of the generation. The authors of the article emphasise the fact that the reaction of the population of the region to the transformation of the distribution system was ambiguous and depended on various political, ideological, and socioeconomic aspects of life. A significant part of the population supported the actions of the authorities and was positive. Far Easterners were motivated by the expectations of improving the overall socioeconomic situation in the country and hopes for the early construction of a just society. At the same time, there was also a critical mood, which was caused both by numerous miscalculations in the organisation of trade and by groundless rumours and gossip. Negative sentiments were both latent, manifested themselves in conversations with colleagues and the family circle, and open showing in public speeches. A part of the population doubted the necessity of abolishing the rationing system for fear of famine. The central and local authorities attempted to eradicate any critical mood and backlash by various means, e.g. by normalising the supply system, but the situation with the supply of the population of the Far Eastern region continued to be difficult throughout the 1930s.

scholarly journals Social-Democratic Underground of the Far East in the early XX Century: Public Records of the Center for Social and Political History

2018 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
S. V. Makarchuk
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Far East ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Rare Book ◽  
Public Records ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
East Russia ◽  
Far Eastern

The research features public records concerning the Social-Democratic organizations of the Far East (Russia), stored in the collection of illegal publications at the Center for Social and Political History, the rare book section. The collection contains archival documents originating from the two largest Social-Democratic groups of the Far East located in Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok. The records include: various reports, corporate charters, resolutions of party meetings, mandates to elected officials, and small newspapers. Publications issued by the Far Eastern social democratic organizations were mostly leaflets printed on a typewriter or published on a hectograph or mimeograph. Some leaflets were printed in actual print shops of private publishing houses or in handicraft illegal print shops. Most of the documents were previously unstudied. However, they belong to the category of particularly valuable and unique historical documents of cultural, historical and scientific value for the study of the Socio-Political movement of the Russian East. The author believes that the public records stored at the Center for Social and Political History, in combination with other archival data, may cast light on the state of the history of Social-Democratic underground in the Far East, its formation and development.

scholarly journals Рецензия на книгу Sablin I. The Rise and Fall of Russia’s Far Eastern Republic, 1905–1922.Nationalisms, Imperialisms, and Regionalisms in and after the Russian Empire

2020 ◽  
pp. 158-162
Author(s):  
И. К. Богомолов
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Far East ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Far Eastern

В рецензии рассматривается монография И. Саблина о возникновении и падении Дальневосточной республики (ДВР). Автор отмечает, что сама идея создания "буферного государства" была уникальной для революционной России, уникальной для большевиков, уникальной для региона. На основании широкого круга источников И. Саблин показывает, как идеологии, с которыми большевики изначально боролись – "левый либерализм", национализм и империализм – позволили им в итоге одержать верх на Дальнем Востоке и окончательно победить в Гражданской войне. The review considers the monograph by Ivan Sablin on the emergence and fall of the Far Eastern Republic (FER). The author notes that the very idea of creating a "buffer state" was unique for revolutionary Russia, unique for the Bolsheviks, unique for the region. Based on a wide range of sources Ivan Sablin shows how the ideologies with which the Bolsheviks initially fought – "left liberalism", nationalism and imperialism – allowed them to ultimately gain the upper hand in the Far East and finally win the Civil War.

scholarly journals Дальневосточная республика как «колыбель» Монгольской революции (к 100-летию ДВР и Монгольской революции 1921 г.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 866-875
Author(s):  
Leonid V. Kuras ◽  
◽  
Bazar D. Tsybenov
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
People's Party ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern

Introduction. The Far Eastern Republic that emerged in the spring of 1920 suited all political players — Moscow, Tokyo, Washington, Irkutsk Political Center, and other peripheral political forces of the Far East. The ‘buffer’ state also played an important role in the transnational history of the Mongolian world. Mongolian revolutionaries stayed in the territory of the Far Eastern Republic in the summer and autumn of 1920. At that time, they were deeply imbued with the ideas of the Bolsheviks. Goals. The study seeks to examine the organizational role of the Far Eastern Republic as an outpost of the Mongolian Revolution of 1921. The objectives be tackled are as follows: investigation of the Russian-Mongolian revolutionary interaction in 1918-1920; analysis of activities of O. Maksteneck, an authorized representative of the RSFSR People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs to Mongolia; exploration of the route and work of three groups of Mongolian delegates in the territory of the Far Eastern Republic and Soviet Russia in 1920; insight into activities of the first congress of the Mongolian People’s Party in Troitskosavsk in March 1920. Materials. The paper analyzes archival documents dealing with the history of Russian-Mongolian military cooperation in the early-to-mid 20th century, considers works by domestic and Mongolian authors dedicated to the creation of the Far Eastern Republic and the Mongolian Revolution of 1921. Conclusions. The leadership of the Far Eastern Republic headed by B.  Shumyatsky and the authorized representative of the RSFSR People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs O. Maksteneck played a crucial role in organizing the activities of the Mongolian revolutionary delegates. They convinced the Mongolian revolutionaries of the need to rely on Soviet power and its armed forces in the struggle for Mongolian independence.

scholarly journals Background of the Establishment and Loss of Independence of the Far Eastern Republic

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
A. I. Baksheev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Far East

This year marks exactly 100 years since the creation of a kind of state formation on part of the territory of our country – the FER. The article analyzes one of the little-studied pages of the history of the Russian Far East – the prerequisites for the creation, the struggle for independence and the loss of independence of the Far Eastern republic that existed in the period 1920-1922. The article uses the methods of the principle of objective historicism; synchronous method, the method of historical modeling, the features of the Civil War in the Far East, the foreign policy grounds for the creation of the FER, the reasons for the creation of the FER, the struggle of the armed forces of the FER with the White Guards and interventionists, the relationship between Soviet Russia and the FER, the reasons for the loss of independence of the FER are analyzed. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that the Far Eastern republic was a buffer, which, having protected Soviet Russia from Japanese aggression, was doomed to disappear from the political map of the world.

AMUR RIVER TRANSPORT IN INTERACTION OF THE AMUR REGION (RUSSIA) AND THE HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE (CHINA) IN THE 1990S

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-48
Author(s):  
YING СAI ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
Amur River ◽  
River Transport ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Amur River ◽  
Chinese Province ◽  
Rela Tions ◽  
Transport Potential

The purpose of the article is to analyze the significance of the Amur River transport activity in the 1990s for interregional Russian-Chinese cross-border coopera-tion in the Far East. Using the materials in Chinese as well as archival documents, the author examines the process of border ties resumption between Russia and China in the Far East after the normalization of rela-tions between the countries. The peculiarities of the river fleet functioning on the Amur during the period of socio-economic reforms of the last decade of the 20th century in Russia are studied. The characteristic of the Amur River transport potential is presented. The prob-lems of the Amur River transport in the development of cooperation between the Russian Amur Region and the Chinese province of Heilongjiang in the context of Rus-sian-Chinese relations at the interstate and interregion-al levels are structured.

State strategy for the accelerated development of the electric power industry in the Far East of the USSR (1964—1991): historical experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Aleksey Maklyukov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Far East ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Regional Energy ◽  
The Far East ◽  
State Strategy ◽  
Far Eastern

The article examines the historical aspects of the formation and implementation of the state strategy for the accelerated growth of the electric power industry in the Far East of the USSR in 1964—1991. The problems of power supply of the Far Eastern region of the country are analyzed, programs for the development of the regional electric power industry are considered, the difficulties of their implementation are revealed, structural changes in the industry and the results of electrification of the region are characterized. The author notes that the problems of regional energy supply had not been solved until the end of the Soviet era. The Far Eastern electric power industry continued to be a costly and lagging industry, slowing down the socio-economic development of the region.

STECCHERINUM AURANTILAETUM (CORNER) BERNICCHIA ET GORJÓN (BASIDIOMYCOTA) IN THE FAR EAST OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Bukharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Far East ◽  
Original Description ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
First Time

Steccherinum aurantilaetum is a predominantly East Asian polyporoid fungus from the Steccherinaceae. It was first discovered in the Krasnoarmeisky District of the Primorye and in the Khabarovsk Territory. Previously, it was known only in the «Kedrovaya Pad» Nature Reserve in the Primorye and in the «Bastak» Nature Reserve in the Jewish Autonomous Region (for the territory of Russia). An original description of the species based on Far Eastern material is given, and a map of the general distribution of S. aurantilaetum is presented for the first time.

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