scholarly journals Health productivity in macroeconomic level in Turkey: A Multi-level Causality Test approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Fadime Çinar*, Halil Sengül
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Global Public Good ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Health Organizations ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Increase In Productivity

Although private health services have been common, it is known that healthis a global public good, and it is related with global public expenditures.Recent studies shoved that productivity in health services is a main domainof government, nongovernmental organizations, and public sector. Thus,increase in productivity of health services provides efficient use of publicgoods. Moreover, public health services and productivity in health sector is apart of macroeconomic level. In this research, it is aimed to evaluate effects ofmacroeconomic indicators in health productivity. In the research, datacollected from Turkey Statistics Institute (TUIK) for 2001-2016 were used toenlighten macroeconomic indicators and health productivity outcomes.According to results of the study, health expenditures and % in GDP rates arecauses for fertility rate (p<0.05). Moreover, health expenditures also causesfor number of health organizations and number of birth (p<0.05). Number ofbirth causes price level indices (p<0.05). All these causality results show thattheir correlations are positive, since both F statistic level and dataobservations support positive correlations.Key words: Health, macroeconomic, productivity

scholarly journals Examining the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures and its determinants using multilevel logistic regression in Malawi

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248752
Author(s):  
Atupele N. Mulaga ◽  
Mphatso S. Kamndaya ◽  
Salule J. Masangwi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditures ◽  
Catastrophic Expenditures

Background Despite a free access to public health services policy in most sub-Saharan African countries, households still contribute to total health expenditures through out-of-pocket expenditures. This reliance on out-of-pocket expenditures places households at a risk of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment. This study examined the incidence of catastrophic health expenditures, impoverishing effects of out-of-pocket expenditures on households and factors associated with catastrophic expenditures in Malawi. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of the most recent nationally representative integrated household survey conducted by the National Statistical Office between April 2016 to 2017 in Malawi with a sample size of 12447 households. Catastrophic health expenditures were estimated based on household annual nonfood expenditures and total household annual expenditures. We estimated incidence of catastrophic health expenditures as the proportion of households whose out-of-pocket expenditures exceed 40% threshold level of non-food expenditures and 10% of total annual expenditures. Impoverishing effect of out-of-pocket health expenditures on households was estimated as the difference between poverty head count before and after accounting for household health payments. We used a multilevel binary logistic regression model to assess factors associated with catastrophic health expenditures. Results A total of 167 households (1.37%) incurred catastrophic health expenditures. These households on average spend over 52% of household nonfood expenditures on health care. 1.6% of Malawians are impoverished due to out-of-pocket health expenditures. Visiting a religious health facility (AOR = 2.27,95% CI:1.24–4.15), hospitalization (AOR = 6.03,95% CI:4.08–8.90), larger household size (AOR = 1.20,95% CI:1.24–1.34), higher socioeconomic status (AOR = 2.94,95% CI:1.39–6.19), living in central region (AOR = 3.54,95% CI:1.79–6.97) and rural areas (AOR = 5.13,95% CI:2.14–12.29) increased the odds of incurring catastrophic expenditures. Conclusion The risk of catastrophic health expenditures and impoverishment persists in Malawi. This calls for government to improve the challenges faced by the free public health services and design better prepayment mechanisms to protect more vulnerable groups of the population from the burden of out-of-pocket payments.

scholarly journals Perceived Corruption and Quality of Health Services in Mbeya Urban District, Mbeya Region Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Samwel J. Kabote
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Of Health Services ◽  
Level Of Significance

This paper examines the effect of corruption on quality of public health services. Corruption, in Tanzania, is a national concern that upsets public health services. There is a public outcry that corruption is increasing in the public health sector while the government’s effort to combat the phenomenon is unimpressive. This poses worries on the quality of public health services. The current study adopted cross-sectional research design, and a total of 180 respondents were involved in the survey. The Mann Whitney U Test was used to compare differences between perceived quality of health services and respondents’ characteristics. Overall, 87.2% of the respondents perceived low quality of health services, and corruption affected quality of health services to a greater extent. Based on age, employment and wealth status, there was significant difference on reporting perceived quality of health services at 5% and 1% level of significance. In addition, respondents’ sex and employment status showed significant difference in reporting the extent to which corruption affected quality of health services at 5% level of significance. The paper draws out two conclusions: first, the quality of health services was low. Second, corruption exacerbated poor quality of health services. To that effect, interventions to combat corruption in the public health sector are needed so as to improve quality of health services.

Economic Evaluation of Health Programs – Health Expenditures in the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Vasiliki Kremastioti ◽  
Athanasios Anastasiou ◽  
Panagiotis Liargovas ◽  
Dimitrios Komninos ◽  
Zacharias Dermatis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Proper Function ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Explanatory Variables

Abstract Health Care is a sensitive issue that concerns not only the individual but also society in general. Health economics are a specialization of the economists in the health sector who aim for the proper function of hospital administration. It deals with issues related to the financing and delivery of health services and the role of such services and other personal decisions in contributing to personal health. Many researches refer to the problems that each health unit faces, emphasizing on the resources, programs and health expenditure. Some of these programs, especially the most effective, are mentioned in this research. Their creation was based on the best quality of health services in all OECD countries. With this research, we aim to develop a methodological framework for evaluating the total health expenditure (consists of all expenditures or outlays for medical care, prevention, promotion, rehabilitation, community health activities, health administration and regulation and capital formation with the predominant objective of improving health) in the 23 OECD countries, by creating a panel data regression and analyzing the results, from 2000 to 2014. For this reason, some of the most important variables (macroeconomic and related to the health sector), were used as tools to assess the performance of each country, as far as the resources and the expenditure for the health care are concerned. Every explanatory variable that was used in this sample, but also the combination of a number of these explanatory variables showed a positive correlation with total expenditures as a percentage of GDP in the majority of the equations. Some variables showed a negative correlation with total health expenditures, which doesn’t fit with the economic theory. Financial crisis is the reason for this.

An Analysis of Users’ Perceptions on Health Facilities in Mumbai

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiral Sheth
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Private Health Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

The new challenges of globalisation have made it essential to achieve and sustain a high level of efficiency in the provision of healthcare. Even though the Government of Maharashtra clearly views assuring efficiency and providing public health services to the people as an important policy objective, data reveals that the amount of resources spent on public healthcare especially public hospitals is very meagre as compared to the needs of the population. This study attempts to understand the shift from public to the private health sector by the users of health services in the city of Mumbai. This changing trend towards increasing use of private hospitals for healthcare services was analysed to understand the specific reasons behind the privatisation of health services in this metropolitan city. Using primary survey, the analysis revealed that majority of the users preferred private hospital services due to various reasons like cleanliness, better infrastructure, efficient and competent doctors and other staff. The results also indicated significant inefficiencies in the functioning of the public hospitals as noted from the responses of the users.

scholarly journals Exploring the Consequences of decentralization: Has privatization of health services been the perceived effect of decentralization in Khartoum Locality, Sudan?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandar Noory ◽  
Sara A Hasssanein ◽  
Asma Elsony ◽  
Gunnar Bjune
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: The health system of Sudan has experienced several forms of decentralization, as well as, a radical reform. Authority and governance of secondary and tertiary health facilities have been shifted from federal to state levels. Moreover, the provision of health care services have been moved from large federal tertiary level hospitals such as Khartoum Teaching Hospital (KTH) and Jafaar Ibnaouf Hospital (JIH), located in the center of Khartoum, to smaller district secondary hospitals like Ibrahim Malik (IBMH), which is located in the southern part of Khartoum. Exploring stakeholders’ perceptions on this decentralisation implementation and the relevant consequences is vital in building an empirical benchmark for the improvement of health systems. Methods: This study utilizes a qualitative design which is comprised of an in-depth interviews and qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. The study was conducted between July and December 2015, and aimed at understanding the personal experiences and perceptions of stakeholders towards decentralization enforcement and the implications on public health services, with a particular focus on the Khartoum locality. It involves community members residing in the Khartoum Locality, specifically in catchments area where hospital decentralization was implemented, as well as, affiliated health workers and policymakers. Results: The major finding suggests that the privatization of health services occurs after decentralization. The study participants also highlighted that scrutiny and reduction of budgets allocated to health services led to an instantaneous enforcement of cost recovery user fee. Devolving KTH Khartoum Teaching and Jafaar Ibnaouf Hospitals into peripherals with less capacity is considered to be a plan to outsource services to the private sector. Another theme that was highlighted in hospitals included the profit-making aspect of the governmental sector in the form of drug supplying and profit-making retail. Conclusions: A change in health services after the enforcement of decentralization was illustrated. Moreover, the empowerment of the privatization concept was the prevailing perception among stakeholders. Having in-depth studies and policy analysis in line with the global liberalization and adjustment programs is crucial for any health sector reform in Sudan. Keywords: decentralization, privatization, stakeholders, global liberalization, profit-making.

scholarly journals INOVASI PENGEMBANGAN LAYANAN DENTAL CENTER DAN IMUNISASI CENTER PUKESMAS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirul Mustofa ◽  
Sri Roekminiati ◽  
Damajanti Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Data Service ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Center Service

Public services in the health sector carried out by the puskesmas have yet to meet the most public service needs in the working area. This is since up to this study the puskesmas had not yet determined the priority scale of services. The other side is that the infrastructure and infrastructure owned are still limited. In this connection, the purpose of this study is to identify the needs of patients or the community to obtain health services that are the most common needs of the community. Furthermore, based on these data, service innovation is formulated to become the need for public health services as a form of service based on local wisdom. This research was conducted using qualitative methods, and data obtained through interviews, observations, and documents. This research results that health services in north ponorogo health center need to be changed and innovations based on local potential, so that the health center becomes a dental center service and immunization center service.

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