Ceftazidime – Avibactam susceptibility among carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in a pilot study in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Selcuk Ozger ◽  
Ebru Evren ◽  
Serap Suzuk Yildiz ◽  
Cigdem Erol ◽  
Fatma Bayrakdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Therapeutic Choice ◽  
Polymerase Chain

AbstractThis study aimed to detect carbapenemase genes and to determine the in vitro susceptibility of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CZA) in Enterobacterales isolates. Carbapenemase genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction. CZA sensitivity of isolates was evaluated with broth microdilution (BMD) and disk diffusion methods. A total of 318 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates were included. Most of the isolates (n = 290, 91.2%) were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae. The most common carbapenemase type was OXA-48 (n = 82, 27.6%). CZA susceptibility was evaluated in 84 isolates with OXA-48 and KPC carbapenemase activity. Both BMD and disk diffusion methods revealed that 95.2% of the isolates were sensitive to CZA; whereas, 4 (4.76%) isolates were resistant to CZA. Among colistin resistant isolates, 96.5% (n = 80) of them were susceptible to CZA. Our study demonstrated high in vitro efficacy of CZA in Enterobacterales isolates producing OXA-48 carbapenemase. High susceptibility rates against colistin resistant isolates which generally are also pan drug resistant, makes CZA a promising therapeutic choice for difficult-to-treat infections. Due to its high correlation with the BMD, disk diffusion method is a suitable and more practical method in detecting CZA in vitro activity.

Prevalence of SHV-extended spectrum β-lactamase producing carbapenem –resistantKlebsiellapneumoniae among patients with lower respiratory tractinfections in Babylon Province-Iraq.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Moeen Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Positive Results

This study was carried out to screen the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infections in Babylon province.From December,2015 to the end of March,2016,a total of 100 sputum samples were collected from patients visited or hospitalized Merjan Teaching Hospital and Al- Hashimya General Hospital. Fifteenth (65%) isolates were identified as Klebsiellapneumoniae. All bacterial isolates were evaluated for extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production phenotypically using disk combination method. Eleven (73.3%) isolates were detected as ESBL-producers. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was employed to determine resistance profile of ESBLs-positive isolates. Higher rates of resistance were observed for ampicillin and piperacillin antibiotics with (81.8%) and (72.7%) resistance rate, respectively, while the lowest rate was noticed for imipenem antibiotic (14.28%). Carbapenem-resistant isolates were investigated for blaSHV gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method, 2 (100%) isolates gave positive results.

scholarly journals Occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. Paneto ◽  
R.P. Schocken-Iturrino ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

The occurrence of toxigenic Escherichia coli in raw milk cheese was surveyed in Middle Western Brazil. Fifty samples of cheese from different supermarkets were analyzed for E.coli. The isolates were serotyped and screened for the presence of verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The susceptibility to thirteen antimicrobial agents was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. E.coli were recovered from 48 (96.0%) of the samples. The serogroups identified were O125 (6.0%), O111 (4.0%), O55 (2.0%) and O119 (2.0%). Three (6.0%) and 1(2.0%) of the E.coli isolates were VTEC and ETEC, respectively. Most frequent resistance was observed to the following antimicrobials: cephalothin (60.0%), nalidixic acid (40.0%), doxycyclin (33.0%), tetracycline (31.0%) and ampicillin (29.0%).

scholarly journals Detection of plasmid-mediated qnr genes among the quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (07) ◽  
pp. 818-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Firoozeh ◽  
Mohammad Zibaei ◽  
Younes Soleimani-Asl
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance, which complicates treatment, has been increasingly identified in Escherichia coli isolates worldwide. The purpose of this study was to identify the plasmid-mediated qnrA and qnrB genes among the quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections in Iran. Methodology: A total of 140 Escherichia coli isolates were collected between March and October 2012 from urinary tract infections in Khorram Abad, Iran. All isolates were tested for quinoloe resistance using the disk diffusion method. Also, all quinolone-resistant isolates were screened for the presence of the qnrA and qnrB genes by polymerase chain reaction. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciprofloxacin for the qnr-positive isolates were determined. Results: One hundred sixteen (82.8%) of 140 Escherichia coli isolates were nalidixic acid-resistant; among them, 14 (12.1%) and 9 (7.8%) were qnrA and qnrB-positive, respectively. Two quinolone-resistant isolates harbored both qnrA and qnrB. Among 63 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates, 14 (22.2%) and 9 (14.3%) were found to carry qnrA and qnrB genes, respectively. The ciprofloxacin MIC range was 0.25–512 μg/mL for 23 qnr-positive Escherichia coli isolates, 18 of which had MICs values of 4–512 μg/mL. Conclusion: Our study shows that the frequency of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among E. coli isolates in Iran is high.

scholarly journals In vitro antimicrobial screening of Lycoperdon lividium and determination of the ethanol extract composition by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerem Canli ◽  
Ergin Murat Altuner ◽  
Ilgaz Akata ◽  
Yavuz Turkmen ◽  
Ugur Uzek
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Test ◽  
Wide Range

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of <em>Lycoperdon lividium</em> against 17 bacterial and 1 fungal strains and analyse the composition of ethanol extracts by GC/MS. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of <em>L. lividium</em> extracts having 15 mg/mL concentration was assessed against a wide range of strains by disk diffusion method. The ethanol extract of <em>L. lividium</em> had antimicrobial activity against several microorganism tested, but it was active especially against <em>S. carnosus</em>. The results obtained herein indicate that <em>L. lividium</em> contains several active metabolites.</p><p class="Abstract">Video clip</p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/ymWOQBeNN84">Disk diffusion test</a>: 7 min 11 sec</p>

Ceftazidime/avibactam and eravacycline susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in two Greek tertiary teaching hospitals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Chatzidimitriou ◽  
Panagiota Chatzivasileiou ◽  
Georgios Sakellariou ◽  
MariaAnna Kyriazidi ◽  
Asimoula Kavvada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Strain Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

AbstractThe present study evaluated the carbapenem resistance mechanisms of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in two Greek tertiary teaching hospitals and their susceptibility to currently used and novel antimicrobial agents.Forty-seven carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae strains were collected in G. Papanikolaou and Ippokrateio hospital of Thessaloniki between 2016 and 2018. Strain identification and antimicrobial susceptibility was conducted by Vitek 2 system (Biomérieux France). Susceptibility against new antimicrobial agents was examined by disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect blaKPC, blaVIM, blaNDM and blaOXA-48 genes.The meropenem–EDTA and meropenem–boronic acid synergy test performed on the 24 K. pneumoniae strains demonstrated that 8 (33.3%) yielded positive for metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) and 16 (66.6%) for K. pneumonia carbapenemases (KPC) production. Colistin demonstrated the highest in vitro activity (87.7%) among the 47 K. pneumoniae strains followed by gentamicin (76.5%) and tigecycline (51%). Among new antibiotics ceftazidime/avibactam showed the highest sensitivity (76.6%) in all strains followed by eravacycline (66.6%). The blaKPC gene was present in 30 strains (63.8%), the blaNDM in 11 (23.4%) and the blaVIM in 6 (12.8%). The blaOXA-48 gene was not detected.Well established antimicrobial agents such as colistin, gentamicin and tigecycline and novel antibiotics like ceftazidime/avibactam and eravacycline can be reliable options for the treatment of invasive infections caused by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals In vitro Synergistic Antimicrobial Activity of Romanian Propolis and Antibiotics against Escherichia coli Isolated from Bovine Mastitis

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela NICULAE ◽  
Laura STAN ◽  
Emoke PALL ◽  
Anamaria Ioana PAȘTIU ◽  
Iulia Maria BALACI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The study was aimed to characterize the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activity of Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts (EEP) against antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains isolated from bovine mastitis. The preliminary antimicrobial screening was performed by a disk diffusion method, followed by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) based on broth microdilution assay; further, the synergistic action of propolis with antimicrobial drugs was assessed by a disk diffusion method on agar containing subinhibitory concentrations of propolis. For the chemical characterisation of EEP, the flavonoids (flavones/flavonols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols) and total phenolics were evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The phenolic compounds of these extracts were also determined using HPLC. The results indicated for Romanian propolis ethanolic extracts the typical poplar composition profile with flavonoids and phenolic acids as main biological active compounds, with chromatographic analysis data confirmed also spectrophotometrically. In addition, positively correlated with the chemical composition, a strong antimicrobial efficacy was exhibited towards E. coli strains, along with interesting synergistic interaction with antibiotics that can be further investigated to obtain propolis-based formulation with antibacterial properties. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the safety and efficacy are intended to consider propolis in veterinary therapeutic protocols.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial susceptibility of flavobacteria as determined by agar dilution and disk diffusion methods.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J C Chang ◽  
P R Hsueh ◽  
J J Wu ◽  
S W Ho ◽  
W C Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Agar Dilution

A total of 106 clinical isolates of flavobacteria, including 41 isolates of Flavobacterium meningosepticum, 59 of Flavobacterium indologenes, and 6 of Flavobacterium odoratum were collected from January 1992 to December 1995 from patients in Taiwan. The in vitro activities of antimicrobial agents were determined concomitantly by the standard agar dilution and disk diffusion methods. More than 90% of the flavobacterial isolates were resistant to cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, moxalactam, aztreonam, imipenem, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, and glycopeptides. The majority of F. meningosepticum isolates were susceptible to piperacillin and to minocycline but resistant to ceftazidime, with MICs at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited being 8, 4, and > 128 microg/ml, respectively. Approximately half of the F. indologenes isolates were susceptible to piperacillin, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, and minocycline, with MICs at which 50% of the isolates are inhibited being 4, 16, 8, and 4 microg/ml, respectively. The majority of F. odoratum isolates were resistant to all the antimicrobial agents tested except minocycline, to which five of six isolates were susceptible. With least-squares regression analysis and error rate-bounded analysis methods, the following resistant and susceptible zone diameter breakpoints were established: < or = 12 and > or = 17 mm, respectively, for piperacillin against F. meningosepticum and F. indologenes; < or = 13 and > or = 18 mm, respectively, for ceftazidime against F. meningosepticum and F. indologenes, < or = 17 and > or = 21 mm, respectively, for ofloxacin against F. indologenes; < or = 16 and > or = 20 mm, respectively, for ciprofloxacin against F. meningosepticum. Valid breakpoints for the disk diffusion method could not be established for cefoperazone and ofloxacin against F. meningosepticum and for minocycline against F. meningosepticum and F. indologenes due to a poor correlation coefficient for the regression line or for cefoperazone and ciprofloxacin against F. indologenes due to the presence of remarkable error rates.

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