scholarly journals Ichthyofaunal diversity and vertical distribution patterns in the rockpools of the southwestern coast of Yaku-shima Island, southern Japan

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsunobu Murase
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Habitat Partitioning ◽  
Northwest Pacific ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
The Western Pacific

The community composition of rockpool fish on the southwestern coast of Yaku-shima Island, southern Japan, in the northwest Pacific was investigated by sampling of 22 rockpools and recording the range of vertical heights (a total of 76 sampling events from May 2009 to February 2010). A total of 72 species belonging to 19 families were collected from the study site. This species richness is the highest recorded of similar studies undertaken worldwide, reflecting the highest diversity of coastal fishes in the western Pacific. Increases in species richness due to transient and accidental visitors increased the total number of species in the lower vertical zones. Variations in the vertical distribution pattern of the resident and transient species suggests habitat partitioning and/or physical preferences for a particular habitat of each species. Color images of rockpool fish recorded at the site and a list of all the voucher specimens are provided.

scholarly journals Community structure and vertical distribution of oncaeid copepods in Tosa Bay, southern Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Nishibe ◽  
Yuuichi Hirota ◽  
Hiroshi Ueda
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Tosa Bay ◽  
Southern Japan ◽  
Hydrographic Conditions ◽  
Epipelagic Zone ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Community structure and vertical distribution of oncaeid copepods were investigated at an offshore site in Tosa Bay, southern Japan. Samples were collected with a 0.063 mm closing type net from eight discrete layers between the surface and 500 m depth in August and November 2005. A total of 45 species and three form variants belonging to the genera Triconia, Oncaea, Spinoncaea, Conaea and Epicalymma were identified. The greatest number of species was consistently found in the lower epipelagic zone, at 50–100 m. The vertical distribution patterns of oncaeid copepods were similar between August and November, with the highest abundances in the upper epipelagic zone above the thermocline. The oncaeid maxima corresponded with the depth where appendicularians occurred in high numbers. Dominant species in the water column (0–500 m) were O. venusta small form, O. media, O. scottodicarloi, O. waldemari, O. zernovi, O. tregoubovi, S. ivlevi, S. tenuis and T. conifera. The vertical succession of species composition was almost the same between August and November, although several species showed a downward shift of their depth-range to some extent in November. The oncaeid copepod community could be differentiated into three distinct groups according to the depth layers, each corresponding to different hydrographic conditions in the water column.

Vertical distribution pattern of naidids in granular activated carbon filters and potential technology to control their penetration risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1976-1983
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bao Nie ◽  
Yun-Zi Tang ◽  
Chang-bo Jiang ◽  
Yuan-Nan Long ◽  
Pan-Pan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Vertical Distribution Pattern ◽  
Filter Bed ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract Aquatic worms propagated in granular activated carbon (GAC) filter has become a troublesome problem for drinking water supply. This study investigated the vertical distribution patterns of naidids in GAC filter beds and assessed the effect of an additional sand bed, located below the GAC bed, in preventing naidids from being present in effluent. The results indicated that the vertical distribution data of naidids in the GAC filter bed were well fitted by a Gaussian distribution, and the location of peak population density was mainly affected by downward flow. Backwashing experiments revealed that additional pressure air scouring shifted the distribution pattern of naidids in the GAC filter bed, resulting in a significant enhancement in naidid removal efficiency. Additionally, the addition of a sand bed exhibited pronounced interception and inactivation effects on naidids, suggesting that it may be a very promising technology for preventing naidids propagated in GAC filters from being present in the effluent.

Diel vertical distribution of fish larvae during the winter-mixing period in the Northwestern Mediterranean

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1243-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sabatés
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Diel Variation ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract The vertical distributions of the larvae of shelf and oceanic fish species that spawn during the winter-mixing period in the Mediterranean are described from 22 vertically stratified plankton tows. Diel differences in the vertical distribution patterns in relation to physical data and potential prey abundance throughout the water column were examined. Even in absence of stratification, the larvae of the various fish species showed different patterns of vertical distribution and diel changes. The larvae of shelf-dwelling species were found in the surface layers, mainly above 50-m depth, and with some exceptions, with very little diel variation in depth distribution. Therefore, the vertical distribution of the larvae of these species coincided with the maximum concentrations of their potential food, nauplii and copepodite stages of copepods. The larvae of mesopelagic fishes showed deeper distributions in the water column and most of these species were located closer to the surface during the day than at night. Given the homogeneity of the physical characteristics throughout the water column, except for light, this behaviour may be determined not only by the higher concentration of prey in the surface layers but also by adequate light levels for feeding.

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of the millipedes (Diplopoda) of Georgia, Caucasus

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 199-219
Author(s):  
Mzia S. Kokhia ◽  
Sergei I. Golovatch
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Karst Caves ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
West Black Sea ◽  
Alpine Environments ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Sea Coast

The diplopod fauna of Georgia, Transcaucasia, is very rich given the country’s relatively small territory; it presently comprises 103 species from 44 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders. Most of the Diplopoda known from Georgia (86 species, or 83%) demonstrate Caucasian distribution patterns, 36 and 46 species, as well as 8 and 9 genera being endemic or subendemic to the country, respectively. A single Holarctic family, Anthroleucosomatidae (order Chordeumatida), contains 44 Caucasian species and 20 genera, of which 27 species and 14 genera are endemic or subendemic to Georgia. Likewise, all species from the orders Polyzoniida, Siphonocryptida, Glomerida and Chordeumatida, as well as most species of Julida and Polydesmida are native, also endemic or subendemic to the Caucasus, but the genera and families they represent are widely distributed at least across the Euro-Mediterranean Realm. Most of the presumed troglobionts in the Caucasus appear to be confined to western Georgia’s karst caves (14 species, 5 genera). Within Georgia, the fauna of the western part (= Colchis) is particularly rich and diverse, while that of the central and eastern parts of the country grows increasingly depauperate inland following the gradual climatic aridisation from west (Black Sea coast) to east (Armenia and Azerbaijan). The vertical distribution of the Diplopoda in Georgia, as well as the Caucasus generally, shows the bulk of the fauna restricted to forested lowland to mountain biomes or their remnants. Only very few Chordeumatida and Julus species seem to occur solely in the subalpine to alpine environments and thus may provisionally be considered as high-montane elements. Ongoing and future research on the millipedes of the Caucasus, especially in cave and montane environments, will undoubtedly allow for many more novelties and details of the diversity and distribution of Georgia’s Diplopoda to be revealed or refined.

Effects of macroinfauna sediment disturbance on nematode vertical distribution

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Pinto ◽  
M.C. Austen ◽  
C.E. Bemvenuti
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sediment Disturbance ◽  
Subtropical Estuary ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Within a subtropical estuary in southern Brazil, an experiment was carried out to test the hypotheses that the deposit feeding macrofaunal polychaete Laeonereis acuta affects nematode community structure and the vertical distribution patterns of nematodes in sediments. Inclusion cages were deployed with two different densities of the polychaete and meiofaunal nematodes were sampled from six different vertical sediment layers: 0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–8 and 8–10 cm depth. Although L. acuta did change the vertical distribution of both nematode and trophic groups in the sediment, allowing nematodes to inhabit deeper sediment layers, there were no apparent effects of different polychaete densities.

scholarly journals Reverse engineering field-derived vertical distribution profiles to infer larval swimming behaviors

2019 ◽  
pp. 201900238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. James ◽  
J. A. Polton ◽  
A. R. Brereton ◽  
K. L. Howell ◽  
W. A. M. Nimmo-Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
Marine Larvae ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Larval Swimming

Biophysical models are well-used tools for predicting the dispersal of marine larvae. Larval behavior has been shown to influence dispersal, but how to incorporate behavior effectively within dispersal models remains a challenge. Mechanisms of behavior are often derived from laboratory-based studies and therefore, may not reflect behavior in situ. Here, using state-of-the-art models, we explore the movements that larvae must undertake to achieve the vertical distribution patterns observed in nature. Results suggest that behaviors are not consistent with those described under the tidally synchronized vertical migration (TVM) hypothesis. Instead, we show (i) a need for swimming speed and direction to vary over the tidal cycle and (ii) that, in some instances, larval swimming cannot explain observed vertical patterns. We argue that current methods of behavioral parameterization are limited in their capacity to replicate in situ observations of vertical distribution, which may cause dispersal error to propagate over time, due to advective differences over depth and demonstrate an alternative to laboratory-based behavioral parameterization that encompasses the range of environmental cues that may be acting on planktic organisms.

scholarly journals Medusae of the Genera Paraphyllina, Periphylla and Atolla from the Amsterdam mid North Atlantic Plankton Expeditions (1980-1983)

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. van der Spoel
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

The vertical distribution patterns of Paraphyllina ransoni Russell, 1956, Periphylla periphylla (Péron & Lesueur, 1809), Atolla parva Russell, 1958, A. vanhoeffeni Russell, 1957, and A. wyvillei Haeckel, 1880 are described. A comparison with other bathypelagic taxa shows that there are various upper limits to be drawn for the bathypelagic area. Four typically different vertical distribution patterns are described.

scholarly journals The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schima wallichii trees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Fardhani ◽  
Takeshi Torimaru ◽  
Hiromitsu Kisanuki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Host Tree ◽  
West Java ◽  
Epiphytic Orchids ◽  
Epiphytic Orchid ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Schima Wallichii ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract. Fardhani I, Torimaru T, Kisanuki H. 2020. The vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on Schima wallichii trees in a montane forest in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 290-298. Schima wallichii Choisy. is a mostly montane species native to the island of Java; it grows on degraded land areas and is widely used for forest restoration. We studied the vertical distribution of epiphytic orchids on these trees in montane forest on Mt. Sanggara, West Java, Indonesia. To this end, 40 S. wallichii trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) > 20 cm were chosen haphazardly and their epiphytic orchids were identified The diameter and height of each host tree were measured. The position of each epiphytic orchid on each host tree was allocated to one of five zones using Johansson’s method. In total, 39 epiphytic orchid species were identified on 40 host trees at the study site. There was no significant difference in orchid abundance or species richness between crown zones. However, there were significant differences in orchid abundance and species richness between trunks and crowns. Host tree size (DBH) and the number of branches were positively correlated with orchid abundance and species richness. The numbers of orchids and other epiphytic plants were positively correlated in the mid-crown and outer-crown. S. wallichii trees are essential for the epiphytic orchid community because they produce many branches that are suitable for colonization.

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of Cu, Ni and Zn in Brunic Arenosols and Gleyic Podzols of the supra-flood terrace of the Słupia River as affected by litho-pedogenic factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Jerzy Jonczak
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the influence of lithological and pedogenic factors in the shaping of Cu, Ni and Zn distribution patterns in the profiles of Brunic Arenosols and Gleyic Podzols of the lower supra-flood terrace of the Słupia River, which is located outside the range of significant anthropogenic sources of pollution with these metals. The contents of the investigated metals were analysed in aqua regia extracts of samples collected from three profiles of Brunic Arenosols, formed from river sands, and three profiles of Gleyic Podzols, formed from river sands transformed by eolian processes. In general, river sands contained higher amounts of Ni and Zn (2.6 - 6.9 mg·kg-1 Ni; 10.3 - 16.2 mg·kg-1 Zn) compared to eolian sands (1.2 - 2.4 mg·kg-1 Ni; 3.3 - 17.3 mg·kg-1), while the content of copper tended to be higher in eolian sands (1.3 - 1.9 mg·kg-1) than river sands (0.1 - 1.5 mg·kg-1). The observed differences between the two types of sand are due to the loss of fine granulometric fractions and various minerals during eolian processes. Higher concentrations of the investigated metals in soil solum as compared to parent material are due to their uptake from deeper parts of the soil by roots and subsequent return to the soil surface as a component of litterfall. Therefore, the highest concentrations of Cu, Ni and Zn were observed in ectohumus. In the mineral component of the soil, the highest concentrations were observed in organic matter-rich A and B horizons, which indicate close interactions between heavy metals, humic substances and iron oxides. The vertical distribution of the investigated metals in the profiles of Gleyic Podzols indicates their leaching during podzolization. The observed contents of Cu, Ni and Zn, both in Brunic Arenosols and Gleyic Podzols, were lower than the geochemical background, which confirms that anthropogenic contamination of the studied area with these metals is marginal

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