scholarly journals From waste treatment to resource recovery: A Chicago sustainability story

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra Shore
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Resource Recovery ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Power Centers

ABSTRACTThe development of Chicago and northeastern Illinois has been intimately tied to water, particularly Lake Michigan and the Chicago Area Waterways. The wastewater treatment plants of the past will become the power centers of the future by harnessing resources—including nutrients, energy, solids, and water itself—to bolster the economy and ensure regional sustainability.The story of Chicago’s development is inextricably linked to its relationship with the natural environment, beginning 16,000 years ago when the land was covered and compressed by an enormous glacier. Ever since, urban planners and policymakers have grappled with how to manage a city built on flat, swampy land, and what to do with the animal and human waste that accumulates in urban environments. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the solution was to move waste as far away from the area as possible. The Chicago River, which originally flowed into Lake Michigan, was converted into an open sewer and reversed, sending the flow—and all the wastes dumped into it—downstream. Over the 20th century, sewage treatment plants were constructed to minimize the potential for harm to humans and the environment. Now, however, our thinking is changing. Rather than discarding waste products, wastewater treatment plants are beginning to recover the resources that flow through them—including nutrients, energy, solids, and water—and transform them into assets that generate revenue and protect the environment. This potential for resource recovery means that the sewage treatment plants of the past will become the power centers of the future.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Sewage Treatment Plants in the Sequential Batch Reactor

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Jakubaszek ◽  
Artur Stadnik
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Sequential Batch Reactor

Abstract The article analyzes the effectiveness of individual Actibloc wastewater treatment plants (produced by Sotralentz) working in the technology of low-rate activated sludge in the Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) system. The assessment of the effectiveness of household wastewater treatment plants was made on the basis of pollutants: BOD5, COD, total suspended solids, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The research objects were four household sewage treatment plants located in: Lubań, Kłębanowice, Stara Rzeka and Kościan. The efficiency of removing pollutants in the examined facilities was in the range of: BOD5 92.2 ÷ 97.2%, COD 82.6 ÷ 89.9%, total suspended solids 90.2 ÷ 96.2%, total nitrogen 50.8 ÷ 83.1%, total phosphorus 46.5 ÷ 73.6%. The treated wastewater met the requirements set out in the Regulation of the Minister of the Environment on the conditions to be met when discharging sewage into water or soil, and on substances particularly harmful to the aquatic environment (Journal of Laws 2014, item 1800) in terms of indicators such as BOD5, COD, total suspended solids and total nitrogen. The effectiveness of phosphorus removal in the studied treatment plants was much lower.

EMERGING TRENDS IN ELECTRICAL ENERGY USAGE AT CANADIAN (ONTARIO) MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES AND STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Evans ◽  
P. Laughton
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ontario Hydro

The province of Ontario is Canada's most populous province with over 8 million residents out of a total population of 27 million. The Province is situated in the eastern portion of North America and stretches from 41°N to 50° N. All the Great Lakes fall within Ontario's boundaries and the Province is estimated to have over 280,000 lakes. The area along Lake Ontario is home to 5 million of the residents who are serviced by 11 large sewage treatment plants. The remaining 403 treatment plants are scattered throughout the province. with an average size of 20 000 m3/d. Ontario Hydro commissioned a study of the wastewater treatment plants to identify the main power users at the various types of sewage treatment plants, as well as potential areas within each plant where significant energy savings could be generated. By using this information, Ontario Hydro hoped to assess the potential to reduce the load and identify any electrical efficiency improvements, fuel switching and load shifting opportunities that may exist as well as the impact of environmental regulations on power saving initiatives. It was found that several major opportunities existed. These included:■ that up to 25% of power currently used can be reduced by introducing energy efficient measures■ of all the unit operations in wastewater treatment plants, aeration accounts for 42% of the power usage, influent and effluent pumping - 20%, and dewatering - 6%. Of this influent and effluent pumping, specifically influent represented the best target area as significant aeration system upgrade had already taken place.

Current and planned disposal of sewage sludge and other waste products from the ruhrverband wastewater treatment

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harro Bode ◽  
Klaus R. Imhoff
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Technical Solutions

From the year 2005 onwards German waste disposal regulations prevent the disposal of residual wastes from sewage treatment plants in landfills if the waste contains more than 5% volatile solids by dry mass. As a result of this requirement the Ruhrverband, one of Germany's largest sewage treatment plant operators, needs to change its disposal methods to a certain extent. This paper describes the present ways to dispose of sludge as well as of screenings and grit. After that it outlines the concept for future disposal. Besides the legal framework the technical solutions for the different disposal problems are described and their costs are given.

Status Analysis on Construction and Operational Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants in Guangxi

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 808-811
Author(s):  
Qiong Fang Wu ◽  
Guan Wen Cheng ◽  
Ning Shu Liang ◽  
Xu Jiang Qin ◽  
Biao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

In “Eleventh Five-Year” period, Guangxi has vigorously promoted the construction of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The statistics about construction scale shows that most of sewage treatment plants are small-scale. The main processes adopted in the plants are Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O and SBR and its improved processes. The loading rate is generally low. COD and BOD removal effect are 78% and 87%. In scale of below 2×104m³/d, 2-5×104m³/d,5-10×104m³/d and more than 10×104m³/d, the costs of Diatomite, Oxidation ditch(OD), Oxidation ditch(OD), A²/O processes are relatively provincial, respectively. Meanwhile, the running costs of sewage treatment plants are mainly affected by the scale of construction and loading rate.

scholarly journals Designed and real hydraulic load of household wastewater treatment plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr M. Bugajski ◽  
Karolina Kurek ◽  
Dariusz Młyński ◽  
Agnieszka Operacz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Household Wastewater ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Research Period ◽  
Annual Period

Abstract The paper presents the results of the analysis concerning the verification of the actual hydraulic load and the load of organic pollutants compared to the conditions designed for 4 household wastewater treatment plants. The researches were carried out in the annual period from May 2015 to April 2016. Based on the conducted analysis, it was found that objects act as underloaded hydraulically and the actual inflow of sewage to the analysed objects during the research period ranged from 7.3% to 32.7% in relation to the inflow assumed in the project. Furthermore, in the case of loading the treatment plant with the load of pollutants expressed as PE, it was fund that the actual PE values were lower than assumed in the project. Therefore, it is important that the sizes of the series of household sewage treatment plants were selected depending on the individual conditions of household, i.e. the number of inhabitants or the amount of consumed water.

scholarly journals Assessment of the efficiency of sewage treatment plants: a comparative study between Nagasandra and Mailasandra sewage treatment plants

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Ravi Kumar ◽  
Liza Britta Pinto ◽  
RK Somashekar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants

Bangalore city hosts two Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants (UWTPs) towards the periphery of Vrishabhavathi valley, located in Nellakedaranahalli village of Nagasandra and Mailasandra Village, Karnataka, India. These plants are designed and constructed with an aim to manage wastewater so as to minimize and/or remove organic matter, solids, nutrients, disease-causing organisms and other pollutants, before it reenters a water body. It was revealed from the performance study that efficiency of the two treatment plants was poor with respect to removal of total dissolved solids in contrast to the removal/reduction in other parameters like total suspended solids, BOD and COD. In Mailasandra STP, TDS, TSS, BOD, and COD removal efficiency was 20.01, 94.51, 94.98 and 76.26 % and respectively, while in Nagasandra STP, TDS, TSS, BOD, and COD removal efficiency was 28.45, 99.0, 97.6 and 91.60 % respectively. The order of reduction efficiency was TDS < COD < TSS < BOD and TDS < COD < BOD < TSS respectively in Mailasandra and Nagasandra STPs. Additionally, the problems associated with the operation and maintenance of wastewater treatment plants is discussed. Keywords: Total dissolved solids; Chemical oxygen demand; Biochemical oxygen demand; Aeration tank; Mixed liquor suspended solids; Sludge volume index DOI: 10.3126/kuset.v6i2.4020Kathmandu University Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol.6. No II, November, 2010, pp.115-125

Small Sewage Treatment Plants and Wastewater Reuse in Cyprus

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
A. Larcou ◽  
I. Hadjivassilis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Double Filtration

Due to the lack of central sewerage systems small wastewater treatment plants have been installed, mainly in coastal tourist areas of the island. The plants consist of a secondary and tertiary treatment by double filtration. The treated water after the tertiary treatment is used for irrigation purposes.

Biodegradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in sewage sludge

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Cheng ◽  
S. Y. Chen ◽  
J. G. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Supercritical Fluid Extraction ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate ◽  
Soil Fertilizer

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in the production of polyvinyl chloride to impart flexibility to the product. Because of its mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, the presence of DEHP in sludge limits the application of sludge as a soil fertilizer. In this study, sludges were collected from three sewage treatment plants and thirteen wastewater treatment plants of different industries in Taiwan. A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was first established as an effective method for determining the concentration of DEHP in sludge. Laboratory-scale land-simulated experiments were performed to investigate the biodegradation of DEHP in sludge under various conditions (moisture, temperature, sunlight and ventilation). DEHP was found in aerobically and anaerobically digested sludges and their values significantly exceeded the restricted concentration of DEHP for sludge land application. DEHP was found to degrade in sludge under the conditions of good ventilation, sufficient sunlight and proper moisture. The indigenous microorganisms in the sludge appeared to dominate the biodegradation of DEHP in sludge. However about 70% of DEHP remained in sludge after 189 d indicating that DEHP is persistent in the environment.

Bacterial resistance in sanitary sewage sludge in different treatment systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Thiara Reis Lopes ◽  
Fernando Periotto ◽  
Adelmo Lowe Pletsch
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the occurrence and risk of dispersion in the environment of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms from sanitary sewage sludge produced in two conventional wastewater treatment systems adopted in the West of the State of Paraná, Brazil. Design/methodology/approach The sludge samples were collected for three months from two wastewater treatment plants, totaling six sample points, and sent to the laboratory where the physical-chemical and biological determinations were performed. Findings This work made possible to find that the sludge produced in the sewage treatment plants presents potential risks related to the spread of microorganisms due to the occurrence of resistant isolates of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. It was also possible to detect that the largest concentrations of metal ions in the sludge favored the occurrence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The occurrence of pathogens, heavy metals and other emerging pollutants in sewage indicates that the sludge requires proper treatment, to provide safe agricultural reuse or disposal. Practical implications The techniques applied for monitoring sludge were effective to check the risk of resistant microorganisms input into the environment. Studies concerning sewage treatment plants’ final effluents can bring additional data about the incorporation of such microorganisms into aquatic environments. Originality/value The results made possible to observe the need to provide post-treatment for the sludge, especially of the sludge obtained from the anaerobic fluidized bed reactor, since the removal of pathogens, as well as the nutrients, is not satisfactory.

scholarly journals Eutrophication Potential of Wastewater Treatment Plants in the Upper Reaches of Svratka River

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Grmela ◽  
Radovan Kopp ◽  
Lenka Hadašová
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Extreme Flows ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Eutrophication Potential ◽  
Phosphorus Requirements

During the year 2012 thirteen selected sites were monitored in the stretch between Brno reservoir and Nedvědice village. Based on the former monitoring, samples from the major tributaries (Besenek, Loucka, Nedvedicka, Lube, Bily brook) and Svratka River above and below monitored area were taken. Besides the water from tributaries and the river also samples of water discharged from sewage treatment plants in villages Nedvědice, Doubravník, Březina and Veverská Bítýška were taken. Basic chemical and physical parameters of water were measured. Major impact of monitoring was to target the amount of nutrients, especially phosphorus. Requirements for salmonid (Svratka upper, Nedvedicka, Loucka, Besenek, Bily brook) or cyprinid (Lube, Kurimka, Svratka lower) waters quality meet at all localities. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) meet the emission standards in all cases. Monitoring of the amount of nutrients out-flowing from WWTP at extreme flows is not usually carried out at all. Based on our results, the phosphorus inflow into Brno reservoir would be up to 50 t per year in the case of average flow 7.96 m3.s−1 of Svratka River in Veverská Bítýška.

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