Wide Bandwidth Piezoelectric MEMS Energy Harvesting

2013 ◽  
Vol 1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruize Xu ◽  
Sang-Gook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Microelectromechanical Systems ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Wide Bandwidth ◽  
Frequency Spectra ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Reasonable Cost ◽  
Continuous Power ◽  
Near Future

ABSTRACTPiezoelectric Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) has been proven to be an attractive technology for harvesting small energy from the ambient vibration. Recent advancements in piezoelectric materials and harvester structural design, individually or in combination, have improved MEMS energy harvesters to achieve high enough power density, compactness and ultra wide bandwidth, bringing us closer towards battery-less autonomous sensors systems and networks in near future. Among the breakthroughs, non-linear resonating beam for wide bandwidth resonance is the key development to enable robust operation of MEMS energy harvesters over the unpredictable and uncontrollable frequency spectra of ambient vibration. We expect that a coin size harvester will be able to harvest about 100μW continuous power at below 100 Hz and less than 0.5 g input vibration and at reasonable cost.

Evaluation of Ring-Type Energy Harvesters

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Hu ◽  
H. Li ◽  
H. S. Tzou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Layer ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Segment Size

Piezoelectric materials can be used as electromechanical conversion mechanisms to transfer ambient vibration into electrical energy to power electronic devices. In this study, an elastic ring laminated with a piezoelectric layer on the inner surface is utilized as the basic structure for energy harvesting. The piezoelectric layer is uniformly segmented into several energy harvesting patches for practical applications. The generated electrical energy resulting from modal voltages is analyzed under the open-circuit condition. Two modal energy generations are evaluated: one is the energy induced by the membrane oscillation and the other is the energy induced by the bending oscillation. For practical design applications, energy generations are evaluated with respect to ring radius, piezoelectric layer thickness, ring thickness and segment size. The maximal energy of all harvester patches on the ring is calculated to determine the optimal patch locations with respect to various ring modes. By summing up energies generated from all harvesters on the ring, the overall energy is also evaluated Based on the normalizations and assumptions of parameters, results indicate that the larger the segment size is, the less the energy can be generated.

scholarly journals A Review on Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting: Materials, Methods, and Circuits

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Priya ◽  
Hyun-Cheol Song ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Ronnie Varghese ◽  
Anuj Chopra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Wide Bandwidth ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Continuous Power

Abstract Piezoelectric microelectromechanical systems (PiezoMEMS) are attractive for developing next generation self-powered microsystems. PiezoMEMS promises to eliminate the costly assembly for microsensors/microsystems and provide various mechanisms for recharging the batteries, thereby, moving us closer towards batteryless wireless sensors systems and networks. In order to achieve practical implementation of this technology, a fully assembled energy harvester on the order of a quarter size dollar coin (diameter=24.26 mm, thickness=1.75 mm) should be able to generate about 100 μW continuous power from low frequency ambient vibrations (below 100 Hz). This paper reviews the state-of-the-art in microscale piezoelectric energy harvesting, summarizing key metrics such as power density and bandwidth of reported structures at low frequency input. This paper also describes the recent advancements in piezoelectric materials and resonator structures. Epitaxial growth and grain texturing of piezoelectric materials is being developed to achieve much higher energy conversion efficiency. For embedded medical systems, lead-free piezoelectric thin films are being developed and MEMS processes for these new classes of materials are being investigated. Non-linear resonating beams for wide bandwidth resonance are also reviewed as they would enable wide bandwidth and low frequency operation of energy harvesters. Particle/granule spray deposition techniques such as aerosol-deposition (AD) and granule spray in vacuum (GSV) are being matured to realize the meso-scale structures in a rapid manner. Another important element of an energy harvester is a power management circuit, which should maximize the net energy harvested. Towards this objective, it is essential for the power management circuit of a small-scale energy harvester to dissipate minimal power, and thus it requires special circuit design techniques and a simple maximum power point tracking scheme. Overall, the progress made by the research and industrial community has brought the energy harvesting technology closer to the practical applications in near future.

Improving the Performance of a Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Using a Tip Spring-Mass System

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhu ◽  
Oumar Barry ◽  
Weijiun Su ◽  
Jean Zu
Keyword(s):  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Mass System ◽  
Resonant Frequencies ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Vibration-based energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials has gained considerable attention over the past decade. Currently, most piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) are single resonance frequency based. The performance of a single-resonance PEH is often limited to only one resonance frequency. This paper discusses the possibility of improving the performance of a bimorph PEH by tuning the PEH using a spring-mass system attached to the bimorph’s free end. Through adding the spring-mass system, the PEH’s resonance frequency can be tuned to match the ambient vibration frequency, and its voltage/power-generating capability can be improved. An electromechanical model of the PEH is derived based on the Lagrange multiplier method. The model is then used in a harmonic base excitation case study, and the coupled electromechanical outputs are discussed. Simulation results show that the spring-mass attachment can create two resonant frequencies, making the PEH capable of working efficiently at two different frequencies in a low-frequency level. It is also shown that by properly selecting the spring stiffness and the mass, the voltage and power output of the PEH can be greatly increased as compared to a single bimorph without the spring-mass system.

scholarly journals Load Resistance Optimization of a Broadband Bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester for Primary Harmonic and Subharmonic Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungryong Bae ◽  
Pilkee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
Oscillation Period ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Frequency Dependency ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Optimal Load ◽  
Bistable Energy Harvester

In this study, optimization of the external load resistance of a piezoelectric bistable energy harvester was performed for primary harmonic (period-1T) and subharmonic (period-3T) interwell motions. The analytical expression of the optimal load resistance was derived, based on the spectral analyses of the interwell motions, and evaluated. The analytical results are in excellent agreement with the numerical ones. A parametric study shows that the optimal load resistance depended on the forcing frequency, but not the intensity of the ambient vibration. Additionally, it was found that the optimal resistance for the period-3T interwell motion tended to be approximately three times larger than that for the period-1T interwell motion, which means that the optimal resistance was directly affected by the oscillation frequency (or oscillation period) of the motion rather than the forcing frequency. For broadband energy harvesting applications, the subharmonic interwell motion is also useful, in addition to the primary harmonic interwell motion. In designing such piezoelectric bistable energy harvesters, the frequency dependency of the optimal load resistance should be considered properly depending on ambient vibrations.

Multimodal pizza-shaped piezoelectric vibration-based energy harvesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110069
Author(s):  
Virgilio J Caetano ◽  
Marcelo A Savi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Frequency Spectrum ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Vibration Source ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Energy harvesting from ambient vibration through piezoelectric devices has received a lot of attention in recent years from both academia and industry. One of the main challenges is to develop devices capable of adapting to diverse sources of environmental excitation, being able to efficiently operate over a broadband frequency spectrum. This work proposes a novel multimodal design of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system to harness energy from a wideband ambient vibration source. Circular-shaped and pizza-shaped designs are employed as candidates for the device, comparing their performance with classical beam-shaped devices. Finite element analysis is employed to model system dynamics using ANSYS Workbench. An optimization procedure is applied to the system aiming to seek a configuration that can extract energy from a broader frequency spectrum and maximize its output power. A comparative analysis with conventional energy harvesting systems is performed. Numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the harvester performances under harmonic and random excitations. Results show that the proposed multimodal harvester has potential to harness energy from broadband ambient vibration sources presenting performance advantages in comparison to conventional single-mode energy harvesters.

Study of the Manufacture about Piezoelectric Nanogenerator under Micro Vibration and its Performance

2011 ◽  
Vol 105-107 ◽  
pp. 2109-2112
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Sheng ◽  
Ping Zeng ◽  
Can Can Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Magnetic Line ◽  
Vibration Condition ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Commercial Value ◽  
Micro Vibration ◽  
Piezoelectric Nanogenerators

With the development of science and technology, the smaller sizes generator, the more attention by people. The main purpose of this article is to manufacture piezoelectric nanogenerator under micro vibration and its working principle is introduced and its performance is studied. The results show that, using the present nanomaterials, piezoelectric materials can be prepared. When its wind in copper laps, under the situation of micro pulse vibration its can turn into electrical energy, thus yield piezoelectric nanogenerators. In ambient vibration condition, piezoelectric materials produce larger rated current and voltage. However, copper laps cutting magnetic line of force produce less rated current and voltage. So the piezoelectric nanogenerators can be separately used to supply power. If multiple piezoelectric nanogenerator in tandem may produce higher voltage, current and power, which possess commercial value.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Energy Generators Based on Spring and Inertial Mass

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghyun Yoon ◽  
Jinhwan Kim ◽  
Kyung-Ho Cho ◽  
Young-Ho Ko ◽  
Sang-Kwon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Inertial Mass ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Mechanical Shock ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Shock Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
And Performance

In this study, inertial mass-based piezoelectric energy generators with and without a spring were designed and tested. This energy harvesting system is based on the shock absorber, which is widely used to protect humans or products from mechanical shock. Mechanical shock energies, which were applied to the energy absorber, were converted into electrical energies. To design the energy harvester, an inertial mass was introduced to focus the energy generating position. In addition, a spring was designed and tested to increase the energy generation time by absorbing the mechanical shock energy and releasing a decreased shock energy over a longer time. Both inertial mass and the spring are the key design parameters for energy harvesters as the piezoelectric materials, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics were employed to store and convert the mechanical force into electric energy. In this research, we will discuss the design and performance of the energy generator system based on shock absorbers.

Current Perspectives on the Use of Circulatory Assist Devices

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-499
Author(s):  
Richard G. Smith ◽  
Marilyn Cleavinger
Keyword(s):  
Implantable Devices ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Assist Devices ◽  
Bridge To Transplant ◽  
Circulatory Assist Devices ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Reasonable Cost ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Near Future

An overview of currently available circulatory assist devices (CADs) is presented with discussion of each system’s optimal use and limitations. Successful application of CAD technology for bridge to transplant or pending recovery of the natural heart requires understanding issues involving team readiness, patient selection, device limitations, patient management, and complications. Currently, many of these devices are in clinical trials with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA and the National Institutes of Health play major roles in the ongoing development of this technology. In the near future the learning curve continues as totally implantable systems are used. The ultimate goal is to maintain patients with heart failure on implantable devices with a good quality of life at a reasonable cost

A Novel Multi-Directional Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Coupled With Nonlinear Conditioning Circuits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengbao Yang ◽  
Jean Zu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Elastic Rods ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
High Power Output ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Aluminum Plates

Energy harvesting from vibrations has become, in recent years, a recurring target of a quantity of research to achieve self-powered operation of low-power electronic devices. However, most of energy harvesters developed to date, regardless of different transduction mechanisms and various structures, are designed to capture vibration energy from single predetermined direction. To overcome the problem of the unidirectional sensitivity, we proposed a novel multi-directional nonlinear energy harvester using piezoelectric materials. The harvester consists of a flexural center (one PZT plate sandwiched by two bow-shaped aluminum plates) and a pair of elastic rods. Base vibration is amplified and transferred to the flexural center by the elastic rods and then converted to electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect. A prototype was fabricated and experimentally compared with traditional cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester. Following that, a nonlinear conditioning circuit (self-powered SSHI) was analyzed and adopted to improve the performance. Experimental results shows that the proposed energy harvester has the capability of generating power constantly when the excitation direction is changed in 360. It also exhibits a wide frequency bandwidth and a high power output which is further improved by the nonlinear circuit.

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