Dielectric Properties of UV Cured Thick Film Polymer Networks through High Power Xenon Flash Lamp Curing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian C. Riggs ◽  
Ravinder Elupula ◽  
Venkata S. Puli ◽  
Scott M. Grayson ◽  
Douglas B. Chrisey
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Flash Lamp ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Xenon Flash

ABSTRACTHigh-energy flash cure lamps process thick film materials (<10 um) over large areas (<100 cm2) within milliseconds and are capable to deliver higher energy and power densities (20 J/cm2 and 20 kW/cm2) allowing for a more complete curing and elimination of flaws that would exist in conventional treatment. Click reactions are especially attractive for patterned devices as they have minimal shape change during curing and have a more predictable structure compared to free radical acrylate polymerization. Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionate) and 2,4,6-Triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine were combined at 3:4 by weight and then spin coated on copper foil substrates. The solutions were processed both thermally and with exposure to a xenon flash bulb. Thermal treatment consisted of heating the sample at 80°C on a hot plate over night. Flash curing was accomplished using a Novacentrix Pulseforge 1300 system. The flash lamp curing fluence and intensities were varied to determine their effects on degree of cross-linking, dielectric constant, breakdown field and energy storage. The degree of cross-linking was determined through comparative FTIR studies. Dielectric constant was measured using an Agilent 4294a impedance analyzer from 100 Hz-100 MHz with a two terminal setup. Breakdown strength and energy density measurements were taken using Radiant Technology's Precision Ferroelectric tester with a 10 kV source. The printed films averaged 1-3 microns thick as observed by an SEM cross section measurement. It was found that dielectric constant varies with both treatment intensity and fluence. Energy densities were calculated using the ideal capacitor equation and ranged from 1.5-4.8 J/cm3.

Enhanced dielectric properties and thermostability in polyimide composites with core-shell structured polyimide@BaTiO3 nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832199352
Author(s):  
Wei Deng ◽  
Guanguan Ren ◽  
Wenqi Wang ◽  
Weiwei Cui ◽  
Wenjun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Dielectric Loss ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Amic Acid ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Core Shell

Polymer composites with high dielectric constant and thermal stability have shown great potential applications in the fields relating to the energy storage. Herein, core-shell structured polyimide@BaTiO3 (PI@BT) nanoparticles were fabricated via in-situ polymerization of poly(amic acid) (PAA) and the following thermal imidization, then utilized as fillers to prepare PI composites. Increased dielectric constant with suppressed dielectric loss, and enhanced energy density as well as heat resistance were simultaneously realized due to the presence of PI shell between BT nanoparticles and PI matrix. The dielectric constant of PI@BT/PI composites with 55 wt% fillers increased to 15.0 at 100 Hz, while the dielectric loss kept at low value of 0.0034, companied by a high energy density of 1.32 J·cm−3, which was 2.09 times higher than the pristine PI. Moreover, the temperature at 10 wt% weight loss reached 619°C, demonstrating the excellent thermostability of PI@BT/PI composites. In addition, PI@BT/PI composites exhibited improved breakdown strength and toughness as compared with the BT/PI composites due to the well dispersion of PI@BT nanofillers and the improved interfacial interactions between nanofillers and polymer matrix. These results provide useful information for the structural design of high-temperature dielectric materials.

Cellulose nanofibril/boron nitride nanosheet composites with enhanced energy density and thermal stability by interfibrillar cross-linking through Ca2+

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junwei Yang ◽  
Haian Xie ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Zhuqun Shi ◽  
Tao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibril ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Storage Devices ◽  
Boron Nitride Nanosheet

Flexible and eco-friendly dielectric materials with high energy density and breakdown strength have promising applications in energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Effect of Acetylated SEBS/PP for Potential HVAC Cable Insulation

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1811
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xuan Wang ◽  
Jiaming Yang ◽  
Yongqi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomer ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Voltage Stabilizer ◽  
Breakdown Field ◽  
Isomerization Reaction ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Tree Resistance ◽  
Electrical Tree

Blending polypropylene (PP) with thermoplastic elastomer SEBS can effectively improve the mechanical toughness of PP, thus leading to the promise of SEBS/PP as the primary insulation material for high voltage alternating current (HVAC) cables. However, the growth of electrical trees during cable operation limits the application of SEBS/PP. In this paper, acetylation reaction is used to construct acetophenone group at the end of the benzene ring on SEBS so that it has the effect of both a toughening agent and a voltage stabilizer. Then PP was melt blended with acetylated SEBS (Ac-SEBS), and the effects of Ac-SEBS on the mechanical properties, electrical tree resistance, alternating current (AC) breakdown strength, and dielectric spectrum of PP were mainly investigated with reference to PP and SEBS/PP. The results showed that Ac-SEBS with 30% content could enhance the mechanical toughness of PP and improve the electrical tree resistance and AC breakdown strength of SEBS/PP. The AC breakdown field strength of Ac-SEBS/PP reached the highest when the acetylation level was 4.6%, which was 9.2% higher than that of SEBS/PP. At this time, Ac-SEBS was also able to absorb high-energy electrons through the keto-enol interchange isomerization reaction, which inhibited the initiation and growth of electric trees and caused the development of electric dendrites in a jungle-like manner. Moreover, the dielectric loss factor of AC-SEBS/PP in power frequency is within the allowable range of industry. Therefore, Ac-SEBS/PP is expected to be applied to HVAC cables, thus further improving the efficiency of HVAC power transmission.

scholarly journals Applications of PZT Dielectric Ceramics in High-Energy Storage Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
L.P. Silva Neto ◽  
J.O. Rossi ◽  
A.R. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Dielectric Breakdown ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
High Energy Storage

The barium and strontium titanate (BST) ceramics have been used with great success as excellent dielectrics in the construction of high voltage (HV) commercial ceramic capacitors with reduced dimensions because of their high dielectric constant. However, the main point of this paper is to investigate other type of ceramic known as PZT (Lead Zirconate Titanate) normally used as piezoelectric sensors in industrial applications. The idea herein is to use the PZT ceramics as HV dielectrics for applications in high-energy storage systems by de-poling their piezoelectric properties in order to avoid dielectric damage and losses at high frequencies. For this, de-poled PZT-4 ceramic samples (30 mm × 2 mm) were submitted to HV tests, in which their dielectric breakdown strength and dielectric constant variation with the applied voltage were assessed. These results obtained confirmed the use of PZT in applications that require reasonable dielectric constant stability (< 15 %) with voltage and HV dielectric breakdown (40 kV/cm) for compact high-energy storage devices.

scholarly journals Study on electrical property relaxations of 10 MeV electron beam irradiated HDPE

e-Polymers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhood Ziaie ◽  
M. Borhani ◽  
A. Majdabadi ◽  
Z. Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Charge Trapping ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Dissipation Factor ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
High Energy Electron

Abstract Cross linking of the HDPE was performed with high energy electron beam. EPR spectroscopy was used to study the life time of unpaired electron in the irradiated samples. Dielectric constant and dielectric strength almost remained unchanged but, volume resistively and dissipation factor increased and decreased respectively, after irradiation. The results shows that the dissipation factor is going to be recovered slowly with the storing time at room temperature. It is believed that variation of some electrical properties during time after irradiation are due to the effects of free radical and charge trapping remained in the bulk of material.

Microelectrostatic simulation of insulated graphene–polymer nanocomposites using COMSOL Multiphysics

2019 ◽  
pp. 089270571988692
Author(s):  
UO Uyor ◽  
API Popoola ◽  
OM Popoola ◽  
VS Aigbodion
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Comsol Multiphysics ◽  
Graphene Nanosheet ◽  
Coating Materials

Graphene–polymer nanocomposites have shown promising potential as high dielectric constant and electrostatic energy storage materials. However, such nanocomposites often faced challenges of high energy dissipation and low voltage endurance due to direct contact of graphene nanosheets and localized electric field concentration. Various efforts have been made to address these shortcomings such as the insulative coating of graphene nanosheets in a polymer matrix. In this study, we simulated (using COMSOL Multiphysics) the effects of such insulative coatings on localized voltage concentration around graphene nanosheet in a polymer matrix. The simulation was done by consideration of various insulative materials with different dielectric constant and coating thickness on graphene nanosheets. It was noted that insulative coating can reduce localized voltage concentration around a graphene nanosheet in a polymer matrix, thereby improve the breakdown strength. Further increase in the coating thickness with low dielectric constant coating materials can further enhance breakdown strength. However, high coating thickness resulted in lowering the microcapacitance of the microcapacitor in the polymer matrix. Therefore, for the optimal energy density of such nanocomposites, a compromise dielectric constant of a coating material and coating thickness on graphene nanosheet must be reached. This study showcased the influence of insulative coatings on graphene nanosheets. It will be a guide for further studies on the selection of coating materials for graphene nanosheets for high breakdown strength nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Prospects for the Development of High Energy Density Dielectric Capacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 8063
Author(s):  
Andrew Burke
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Effective Dielectric Constant ◽  
High Dielectric ◽  
Very High

In this paper, the design of high energy density dielectric capacitors for energy storage in vehicle, industrial, and electric utility applications have been considered in detail. The performance of these devices depends primarily on the dielectric constant and breakdown strength characteristics of the dielectric material used. A review of the literature on composite polymer materials to assess their present dielectric constants and the various approaches being pursued to increase energy density found that there are many papers in which materials having dielectric constants of 20–50 were reported, but only a few showing materials with very high dielectric constants of 500 and greater. The very high dielectric constants were usually achieved with nanoscale metallic or carbon particles embedded in a host polymer and the maximum dielectric constant occurred near the percolation threshold particle loading. In this study, an analytical method to calculate the dielectric constant of composite dielectric polymers with various types of nanoparticles embedded is presented. The method was applied using an Excel spreadsheet to calculate the characteristics of spiral wound battery cells using various composite polymers with embedded particles. The calculated energy densities were strong functions of the size of the particles and thickness of the dielectric layer in the cell. For a 1000 V cell, an energy density of 100–200 Wh/kg was calculated for 3–5 nm particles and 3–5 µ thick dielectric layers. The results of this study indicate that dielectric materials with an effective dielectric constant of 500–1000 are needed to develop dielectric capacitor cells with battery-like energy density. The breakdown strength would be 300–400 V/µ in a reverse sandwich multilayer dielectric arrangement. The leakage current of the cell would be determined from appropriate DC testing. These high energy density dielectric capacitors are very different from electrochemical capacitors that utilize conducting polymers and liquid electrolytes and are constructed much like batteries. The dielectric capacitors have a very high cell voltage and are constructed like conventional ceramic capacitors.

Ultrahigh Energy Storage Performances of Polymer-based Nanocomposite via Interfaces Engneering

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Zhongbin Pan ◽  
Weilin Wang ◽  
Jianxu Hu ◽  
Jinjun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy

High-performance electrostatic capacitors are in urgent demand owing to the rapidly development of advanced power electronic applications. However, polymer-based composite films with both high breakdown strength (Eb) and dielectric constant...

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Low-K and High-K Nanoparticles for Dielectric and Electronic Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2942
Author(s):  
Bhausaheb V. Tawade ◽  
Ikeoluwa E. Apata ◽  
Nihar Pradhan ◽  
Alamgir Karim ◽  
Dharmaraj Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Grafted Nanoparticles ◽  
Grafting From

The synthesis of polymer-grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) or hairy nanoparticles (HNPs) by tethering of polymer chains to the surface of nanoparticles is an important technique to obtain nanostructured hybrid materials that have been widely used in the formulation of advanced polymer nanocomposites. Ceramic-based polymer nanocomposites integrate key attributes of polymer and ceramic nanomaterial to improve the dielectric properties such as breakdown strength, energy density and dielectric loss. This review describes the ”grafting from” and ”grafting to” approaches commonly adopted to graft polymer chains on NPs pertaining to nano-dielectrics. The article also covers various surface initiated controlled radical polymerization techniques, along with templated approaches for grafting of polymer chains onto SiO2, TiO2, BaTiO3, and Al2O3 nanomaterials. As a look towards applications, an outlook on high-performance polymer nanocomposite capacitors for the design of high energy density pulsed power thin-film capacitors is also presented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document