Effects of Hydrogen Absorption on the Mechanical Properties of Zr-Nb Alloys

2007 ◽  
Vol 1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunichiro Nishioka ◽  
Masato Ito ◽  
Hiroaki Muta ◽  
Masayoshi Uno ◽  
Shinsuke Yamanaka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Hydrogen Content ◽  
Hydrogen Absorption ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Characteristic Vibration ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Vibration Technique

AbstractYoung's moduli of hydrogenated Zr-Nb alloys were evaluated by using a multiple elastometer in the temperature range from room temperature to 773 K, based on the cantilever characteristic vibration technique. The decreasing rate of Young's modulus against the temperature was independent on the additive amount of Nb. The Young's modulus for the hydrogen solid solution of Zr-Nb alloys decreased and that those for the alloys with partially precipitated hydride slightly changed with increasing hydrogen content in both of Zr-1.0Nb and Zr-2.5Nb. The decreasing rates with hydrogen content of hydrogen solid solution of Zr-Nb alloys were almost same as that of Zr hydrogen solid solution. This result was considered because all specimens largely consisted of α-zirconium in which the solute hydrogen was found to decrease the Young's modulus.

An Experimental Study of Carbon Nanotube Reinforcements

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Patrin ◽  
Frank Chow ◽  
Gabriela Philippart ◽  
Feridun Delale ◽  
Benjamin Liaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Type I ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Standard Type ◽  
Reinforcement Percentage

Due to their high strength and stiffness carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as candidates for reinforcement of polymeric resins. It is also known that the addition of CNTs to polymeric matrix results in highly conductive nanocomposites, making the material multifunctional. Most of the CNT reinforced polymeric nanocomposite systems reported in the literature have been studied at room temperature. However, in many applications, materials may be subjected from low to elevated temperatures. Thus, the aim of this research is to study CNT reinforced polypropylene (PP) specimens at room, elevated and low temperatures. ASTM standard Type I specimens manufactured via injection molding and reinforced with 0.2%, 1%, 3%, and 6% CNTs were first subjected to tensile loads in a universal testing machine at room temperature. Neat PP resin specimens were also tested to provide baseline data. The tests were repeated at −54°C (−65°F), −20°C (−4°F), 49°C (120°F) and 71°C (160°F). The results were plotted as stress-strain curves and analyzed to delineate the effect of CNT reinforcement percentage and temperature on the mechanical properties. It was noted that as the percentage of CNT reinforcement increases, the resulting nanocomposite becomes stiffer (higher Young’s modulus), has higher strength and becomes more brittle. Temperature has a drastic effect on the behavior of the nanocomposite. As the temperature increases, at a given reinforcement percentage the material becomes more ductile with significantly lower Young’s modulus and strength compared to room temperature. At lower temperatures, the nanocomposite becomes more brittle with higher stiffness and strength, but significantly reduced failure strain. Also electrical measurements were conducted on the specimens to measure their resistance. For specimens reinforced with up to 3% of CNTs no electrical conductivity was detected. As expected at 6% CNT reinforcement (which is above the approximately 4% percolation limit reported in the literature), the specimens became electrically conductive. To predict the mechanical properties obtained experimentally, a micromechanics based model is presented and compared with the experimental results.

Mechanical Properties Of Cu-Based Composites with in Situ Formed Ultrafine Filaments

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bevk ◽  
W. A. Sunder ◽  
G. Dublon ◽  
David E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Lattice Softening

ABSTRACTElastic and plastic properties of in situ Cu-based composites with Nb, V, and Fe filaments are reviewed. The evidence is presented for a pronounced size dependence of both the ultimate tensile strength and the Young's moduli. In composites with the smallest filaments (d∼50–200Å) and filament densities as high as 1010/cm2 dislocation density reaches values of 1013 cm/cm3. The yield stress of these samples increases dramatically over the predictions based on the “rule of mixtures” and their ultimate tensile strength approaches the estimated theoretical strength of the material (∼2.7GPa). The observed decrease of Young's modulus as a function of inverse wire diameter in the as-drawn composites is attributed to lattice softening due to high density of extended lattice defects. Upon annealing, Young's modulus increases by as much as 100% and exceeds the maximum values calculated from bulk elastic constants. Possible mechanisms leading to modulus enhancement and to related changes in magnetic and superconducting behavior of in situ composites are discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Co-Addition of Ag and Cu on Mechanical Properties of Sn–5Sb Lead-Free Solder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biao Yuan ◽  
Zhimin Liang ◽  
Zongyuan Yang ◽  
Fei Shen ◽  
Da Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solder Joints ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Unloading Rate ◽  
Free Solder ◽  
Co Addition ◽  
Lead Free Solders

AbstractSn–Sb lead-free solders are considered to substitute the tin–lead solders due to their great mechanical properties. At room temperature, the mechanical properties of Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb/Au/Ni and Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb–0.3Ag–0.05Cu/Au/Ni linear solder joints were investigated by nanoindentation experiments at different loads. The results showed that the Sn–Sb intermetallic compound (IMC) was distributed in the β-Sn matrix in Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb/Au/Ni solder joints. Co-addition of Cu and Ag resulted in the formation of the rod-shaped Cu6Sn5 and the fine granular Ag3Sn IMCs. At the same load and loading/unloading rate, the indentation depth and residual indentation morphologies of Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb–0.3Ag–0.05Cu/Au/Ni solder joints were smaller than those of Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb/Au/Ni solder joints. The hardness of the two kinds of solder joints decreased with the increase in load, while the Young’s modulus was independent of load. In addition, compared to the Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb/Au/Ni solder joints, the hardness, Young’s modulus and stress exponents of Ni/Au/Sn–5Sb–0.3Ag–0.05Cu/Au/Ni solder joints achieved an improvement due to the co-addition of Ag and Cu.

Effect of mineralogy and organic matter on mechanical properties of shale

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. SV9-SV15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Carl Sondergeld ◽  
Chandra S. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Quartz Content ◽  
Eagle Ford ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Heterogeneous Samples

We report a nanoindentation study of shales on 144 samples from Barnett, Eagle Ford, Haynesville, Kimmeridge, Ordovician, and Woodford plays. Mineralogy is found to play an important role in controlling mechanical properties of shales: An increase in carbonate and quartz content is correlated with an increase in Young’s modulus, whereas an increase in total organic content, clay content, and porosity decreases Young’s modulus. We had a close agreement between indentation moduli measured on small samples (millimeter scale) and dynamic moduli calculated from velocity and density measurements made on larger samples (centimeter scale). By taking an average of a large number of indentation Young’s moduli, 100 indentations in our case, and using an appropriate penetration force, nanoindentation technology measured an acceptable average Young’s modulus even for heterogeneous samples such as shale highlighting the potential of applying this technology to plug and perhaps field-scale problems.

scholarly journals Microscopic mechanism of sandstone hydration in Yungang Grottoes, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 598-609
Author(s):  
Jiawei Chen ◽  
Jinming Xu ◽  
Jizhong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Yungang Grottoes

AbstractThe macroscopic engineering properties of sandstone are dominated primarily by mineral features in a microscopic scale. This study will investigate the microscopic physical and mechanical properties of the main minerals (quartz, K-feldspar, Na-feldspar and kaolinite) in Yungang Grottoes sandstone, using the molecular mechanics and the molecular dynamics simulations. The microscopic physical properties were represented by density and volume. The microscopic mechanical properties were represented by Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. The microscopic mechanical properties of the minerals in various directions were then explored. The influences of water molecules and the surrounding temperature on the microscopic physical and mechanical properties of the minerals were furthermore investigated. It is found that the differences in the microscopic densities between the simulated results and those from the open data set are, respectively, 0.37%, 1.15% and 9.16%, for the quartz, Na-feldspar and kaolinite cells; the microscopic mechanical properties of various minerals have a significant anisotropy; the Young’s modulus of halloysite decreases by 75.86% compared with that of kaolinite; as the water molecule number increased from 0 to 5, the Young’s moduli of K-feldspar, Na-feldspar and kaolinite cells decreases by 31.31%, 55.05% and 42.60%, respectively; for each mineral, as the temperature increases from 243.15 to 303.15 K under one atmospheric pressure, the volume increases and the density decreases. Those results may have a theoretical significance for the analysis of microscopic mechanism of hydration in the Yungang Grottoes sandstone.

scholarly journals Relationship between Thermal Diffusivity and Mechanical Properties of Wood

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Yuri I. Golovin ◽  
Alexander I. Tyurin ◽  
Dmitry Yu. Golovin ◽  
Alexander A. Samodurov ◽  
Sergey M. Matveev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Diffusivity ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Diffusivity Tensor

This paper describes an experimental study of the relationships between thermal diffusivity and mechanical characteristics including Brinell hardness, microhardness, and Young’s modulus of common pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), and small-leaf lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) wood. A dependence of Brinell hardness and thermal diffusivity tensor components upon humidity for common pine wood is found. The results of the measurement of Brinell hardness, microhardness, Young’s modulus, and main components of thermal diffusivity tensor for three perpendicular cuts are found to be correlated. It is shown that the mechanical properties correlate better with the ratio of longitude to transversal thermal diffusivity coefficients than with the respective individual absolute values. The mechanical characteristics with the highest correlation with the abovementioned ratio are found to be the ratio of Young’s moduli in longitude and transversal directions. Our technique allows a comparative express assessment of wood mechanical properties by means of a contactless non-destructive measurement of its thermal properties using dynamic thermal imaging instead of laborious and material-consuming destructive mechanical tests.

scholarly journals Determination of Young’s modulus of Sb2S3 nanowires by in situ resonance and bending methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liga Jasulaneca ◽  
Raimonds Meija ◽  
Alexander I Livshits ◽  
Juris Prikulis ◽  
Subhajit Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Increasing Trend

In this study we address the mechanical properties of Sb2S3 nanowires and determine their Young’s modulus using in situ electric-field-induced mechanical resonance and static bending tests on individual Sb2S3 nanowires with cross-sectional areas ranging from 1.1·104 nm2 to 7.8·104 nm2. Mutually orthogonal resonances are observed and their origin explained by asymmetric cross section of nanowires. The results obtained from the two methods are consistent and show that nanowires exhibit Young’s moduli comparable to the value for macroscopic material. An increasing trend of measured values of Young’s modulus is observed for smaller thickness samples.

Mechanical Properties of Interpenetrating Graphite/2024Al Composites Produced by Improved Squeeze Exhaust Casting

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Su ◽  
Gao Hui Wu ◽  
Jing Qiao ◽  
Long Tao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Fracture Mechanism ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Squeeze Casting ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Fracture Surfaces ◽  
3D Network

The graphite/2024Al composites have been fabricated by improved Squeeze Exhaust Casting (SQEC) method. Two kinds of graphite preforms with porosities of 13% and 17% respectively were infiltrated with 2024Al (Al-5Cu-2Mg) alloy under the pressure of 73MPa. The disadvantages of traditional Squeeze Casting (SQC) were avoided and the distribution of aluminum alloy appeared homogenous 3D network in the composites. Flexural strength and Young’s modulus were determined at room temperature. Compared to graphite preform, the composites exhibited a significant enhancement of mechanical properties. The flexural strength and Young’s modulus of X-Y direction of G186/2024Al composites increased from 38.6MPa to 99.7MPa and from 10.1GPa to 19.7GPa, respectively. The fracture mechanism of the composites was discussed on the basis of fracture surfaces.

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