Aqueous Diffusion Coefficients in Unsaturated Materials
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ABSTRACTSimple diffusion coefficients, D(θ), in most unsaturated media were found to be primarily a function of water content and not material characteristics except where the characteristics affect or determine water content. At high water contents, D(θ) gradually declines as water content decreases, from 10−5 cm2/sec at a volumetric water content of about 50% to 10−7 cm2/sec at a volumetric water content of about 5%, followed by a sharp decline as surface water films become thin and discontinuous and pendular water elements become very small, from 10−7 cm2/sec at a volumetric water content of about 5% to 10−9 cm2/sec at a volumetric water content of about 0.5% to 1%.
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1939 ◽
Vol 17c
(12)
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pp. 460-482
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2014 ◽
Vol 51
(12)
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pp. 1468-1474
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2011 ◽
Vol 261-263
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pp. 1650-1654
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