Conducting Polymers: Past, Present and Future…

1993 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan G. MacDiarmid ◽  
Arthur J. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Organic Polymers ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Gas Separation Membrane ◽  
Separation Membrane

ABSTRACTSince their discovery 16 years ago, the field of intrinsically conducing polymers — “synthetic Metals” — has developed at an unexpectedly rapid rate. The concept of “doping” is the unifying theme which distinguishes this class of organic polymers — “conducting polymers” — from all others. Doping results in dramatic electronic and magnetic changes with a concomitant increase in conductivity to, or approaching, the metallic regime. Doping phenomena and the chief types of dopable organic polymers are described with particular emphasis on polyaniline, which is now probably the most actively-studied conducting polymer. It has been commercialized on a relatively large scale and presently appears to be the leading conducting polymer for technology. It shows considerable promise for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and as a gas separation Membrane, and is currently used in commercial rechargeable batteries. Polypyrrole is used commercially in capacitors and as an electrically conductive coating on conventional fabrics. Additional potential uses of conducting polymers such as light-emitting diodes, electrochromic windows, chemical sensors, etc. are also described briefly.

Reduced efficiency roll-off in light-emitting diodes enabled by quantum dot–conducting polymer nanohybrids

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 4974-4979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Ki Bae ◽  
Jaehoon Lim ◽  
Matthias Zorn ◽  
Jeonghun Kwak ◽  
Young-Shin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Colloidal Quantum Dots ◽  
Light Emitting

Hybridization of colloidal quantum-dots and conducting polymers improves the efficiency roll-off of quantum-dot light-emitting diodes.

scholarly journals Conducting Silicone-Based Polymers and Their Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2012
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Sołoducho ◽  
Dorota Zając ◽  
Kamila Spychalska ◽  
Sylwia Baluta ◽  
Joanna Cabaj
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Silicone Polymers ◽  
Low Temperature Flexibility

Over the past two decades, both fundamental and applied research in conducting polymers have grown rapidly. Conducting polymers (CPs) are unique due to their ease of synthesis, environmental stability, and simple doping/dedoping chemistry. Electrically conductive silicone polymers are the current state-of-the-art for, e.g., optoelectronic materials. The combination of inorganic elements and organic polymers leads to a highly electrically conductive composite with improved thermal stability. Silicone-based materials have a set of extremely interesting properties, i.e., very low surface energy, excellent gas and moisture permeability, good heat stability, low-temperature flexibility, and biocompatibility. The most effective parameters constructing the physical properties of CPs are conjugation length, degree of crystallinity, and intra- and inter-chain interactions. Conducting polymers, owing to their ease of synthesis, remarkable environmental stability, and high conductivity in the doped form, have remained thoroughly studied due to their varied applications in fields like biological activity, drug release systems, rechargeable batteries, and sensors. For this reason, this review provides an overview of organosilicon polymers that have been reported over the past two decades.

Printing polyaniline for sensor applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Crowley ◽  
Malcolm Smyth ◽  
Anthony Killard ◽  
Aoife Morrin
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Large Scale Production

AbstractIn recent years, much research has focused on the development of low-cost, printed electrochemical sensor platforms for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnostics. Much effort in this area has been based on utilising the redox properties of conducting polymers, particularly polyaniline (PANI). In tackling the inherent lack of processability exhibited by these materials, several groups have examined various mass-amenable fabrication approaches to obtain suitable thin films of PANI for sensing applications. Specifically, the approaches investigated over the years include the in situ chemical synthesis of PANI, the use of sulphonated derivatives of PANI and the synthesis of aqueousbased nano-dispersions of PANI. Nano-dispersions have shown a great deal of promise for sensing applications, given that they are inkjet-printable, facilitating the patterning of conducting polymer directly to the substrate. We have shown that inkjet-printed films of PANI can be finely controlled in terms of their two-dimensional pattern, thickness, and conductivity, highlighting the level of precision achievable by inkjet printing. Utilising these nanomaterials as inkjet-printable inks opens novel, facile, and economical possibilities for conducting polymer-printed electronic applications in areas of sensing, but also many other application areas such as energy storage, displays, organic light-emitting diodes. Given that inkjet-printing is a scalable manufacturing technique, it renders possible the large-scale production of devices such as sensors for a range of applications. Several successes have emerged from our work and from the work of others in the area of applying PANI in low-cost sensor applications, which is the focus of this review.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Conducting Polymer

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Deepak A Zatale ◽  
Satish T. Rathod ◽  
Kalpana N. Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Polymeric Chain ◽  
Display Devices ◽  
Molecule Design ◽  
Low Solubility

In recent technology, considerable attention was given to the fabrication of light weight rechargeable batteries, electro chromic display devices, microelectronics, sensor and molecule design etc. As one of the most important conducting polymers, polyaniline because of its chemical stability and relatively high conductivity and its derivatives have been extensively studied in different fields of science, because of the demand for high performance materials in advanced technologies. However, the common uses of polyaniline are restricted, due to its poor process ability and low solubility. Various techniques were given for synthesis of conducting polymer. In the current studies, polyaniline (PANI) and its composites with semiconductor was prepared chemical oxidation method in the presence of different bronsted acids from aqueous solutions. The effect of thermal treatment on electrical conductivity (DC), of the pure PANI, PANI+10%, 15% and 20% MnSO4 conducting polymers were investigated. It is found that conductivity of PANI enhancing due to stretching polymeric chain cause due to interaction with MnSO4.

Oxygen Transport in the Sr2Fe3−x, CoxOy System

1998 ◽  
Vol 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ma ◽  
U. Balachandran ◽  
B.J. Mitchell ◽  
J.W. Richardson ◽  
J.P. Hodges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Gas Separation Membrane ◽  
Separation Membrane ◽  
Oxide Membranes ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACTThe mixed-conducting Sr-Fe-Co oxide has potential use as a gas separation membrane. Its superior oxygen transport reveals the feasibility of using oxide membranes in large-scale oxygen separation. Sr2Fe3-xCoxOy (with x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.0) samples were made by solid state reaction. To understand the oxygen transport mechanism in this system, conductivity and thermogravimetry experiments were conducted at high temperature in various oxygen partial pressure environments. The oxygen diffusion coefficient was determined from the time relaxation transient behavior of the specimen after switching the surrounding atmosphere. Mobility of the charge carrier was derived from relative conductivity and weight changes. X-ray diffraction experiments were carried out on these samples to determine their crystal structures.

Conductive Nano-brush Synthesized by Physical Grafting of Conducting Polymers on Carbon Nanotube

2011 ◽  
Vol 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaushalkumar Purohit ◽  
Maureen Mirville ◽  
Sze C. Yang ◽  
Arun Shukla ◽  
Vijaya B. Chalivendra
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Electrical Networks ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Carbon Nano Tube ◽  
Electrically Conductive Composite

ABSTRACTWe report a novel method for synthesizing electrically conductive nano-brush (CNB) by physical grafting of organic conducting polymers on carbon nano tubes (CNT). The objective for this synthesis is to produce nano tubes having a CNT stem coated with flexible electronic conducting polymers. The nano-brush is to be blended into common polymers (e.g. epoxy, polyurethane, and poly(vinyl alcohol)) to form electrically conductive composite material. The flexible organic conducting polymer in CNB is a potentially sensitive electronic probe for mechanically induced nano-deformation of the composite because it is molecularly entangled with the host polymers. The electrical networks of CNB embedded in polymeric composites are potentially useful as in situ sensors for monitoring material deformation with an unprecedented level of sensitivity. The composite material is “smart” in the sense that it self-reports the structural “health” before load induced material failure.Our method for grafting conducting polymer does not require chemical reactions with the surface atoms of the carbon nano tube. We used physical adsorption to graft electronic conducting polymer to CNT. We first synthesized a water-soluble electronic conducting polymer which is a molecular complex between poly(acrylic acid) and polyaniline. The CNT solid were dispersed and un-bundled by sonnication in the conducting polymer solution. Due to the high affinity between CNT and the conducting polymer, the surface of CNT can be fully covered with the conducting polymer. The experimental data is consistent with a structure of nano brush with high density of conducting polymers grafted on the CNT surface.

Electronic structure studies of conducting polymers by electron energy-loss spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
J. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
New Class ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Conducting polymers comprises a new class of materials achieving electrical conductivities which rival those of the best metals. The parent compounds (conjugated polymers) are quasi-one-dimensional semiconductors. These polymers can be doped by electron acceptors or electron donors. The prototype of these materials is polyacetylene (PA). There are various other conjugated polymers such as polyparaphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypoyrrole or polythiophene. The doped systems, i.e. the conducting polymers, have intersting potential technological applications such as replacement of conventional metals in electronic shielding and antistatic equipment, rechargable batteries, and flexible light emitting diodes.Although these systems have been investigated almost 20 years, the electronic structure of the doped metallic systems is not clear and even the reason for the gap in undoped semiconducting systems is under discussion.

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