Oxidative Catalytic Decomposition of Toxic Gases Using Hydroxyapatite and Fluorhydroxyapatite
ABSTRACTAn oxidative catalytic route for the decomposition of nerve gases was investigated using hydroxyapatite (HA, chemical composition Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and its partially fluorinated analog fluorhydroxyapatite (FHA, Ca10(PO4)6Fx(OH)2−x). Samples were prepared with surface areas ranging from 34 to 238 m2/g to study surface area effects; 1.2 wt. % platinum was deposited on one substrate to investigate the effect of a transition metal on activity and selectivity. Reaction studies were performed using dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a nerve gas simulant, in a stream of 80 percent nitrogen and 20 percent oxygen at 573 K and atmospheric pressure. High surface area FHA samples showed an increase in the "protection period" (period of 100% conversion) with increasing fluorine substitution; such an increase was not seen for low surface area FHA samples. In the absence of platinum, the reaction products were methanol and dimethyl ether; with platinum, CO2 was also obtained.