On the Factors Governing the Refractive Indices of Inorganic Materials

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Rocquefelte ◽  
Fabrice Goubin ◽  
Stéphane Jobic ◽  
Myung-Hwan Whangbo
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Optical Channels ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Solid State Materials

ABSTRACTThree key factors influencing the refractive indices of inorganic solid state materials were discussed on the basis of the concept of optical channels and the dielectric functions calculated for two series of closely related oxides. Implications of our observation concerning efficient UV blockers were discussed.

scholarly journals A graph-based network for predicting chemical reaction pathways in solid-state materials synthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. McDermott ◽  
Shyam S. Dwaraknath ◽  
Kristin A. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Reaction Pathways ◽  
Materials Synthesis ◽  
Solid State Materials ◽  
Cost Paths

Abstract Accelerated synthesis of inorganic materials remains a significant challenge in the search for novel, functional materials. Many of the chemical principles which enable "synthesis by design" in synthetic organic chemistry do not exist in solid-state chemistry, despite extensive computed/experimental thermochemistry data. We present a chemical reaction network model constructed from thermochemistry databases that captures features of the thermodynamic phase space which synthesis reactions traverse. Directed edges in the network are assigned weights via a transformation that maps reaction parameters to costs. We devise a computationally tractable approach for suggesting likely reaction pathways via application of pathfinding algorithms and linear combination of lowest-cost paths in the network. We demonstrate initial success of the reaction network in predicting a complex metathesis reaction pathway toward yttrium manganese oxide YMnO3. The reaction network presents new opportunities for enabling reaction pathway prediction, rapid iteration between experimental/theoretical results, and ultimately, control of synthesis of solid-state materials.

Hydrodynamic cavitation as a tool to control macro-, micro-, and nano-properties of inorganic materials

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 3503-3513 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Find ◽  
S.C. Emerson ◽  
I.M. Krausz ◽  
W.R. Moser
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Nanostructured Catalysts ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Hydrodynamic Cavitation ◽  
High Shear ◽  
Solid State Materials ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nanostructured Titania ◽  
High Phase

Hydrodynamic cavitation was shown to be a powerful tool for the synthesis of nanostructured catalysts, ceramics, and piezoelectrics in high phase purities. The macro-, micro-, and nano- properties of solid-state materials could be controlled through adjusting the cavitational regime during synthesis by simple mechanical adjustment. The synthesis of nanostructured titania, piezoelectrics, perovskites, supported and unsupported cobalt molybdates, and Pd and Ag supported on alumina illustrate changes in morphology and size of crystals, growth in a preferred orientation of crystallites, and control of crystallographic strain and size compared to classically prepared materials. The high shear and cavitational forces during synthesis induce micro-strain into the materials and are a function of the Reynolds and cavitation numbers.

Consumers‟ Acceptance of „Halal‟ Credit Card Services: An Empirical Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaimy Johana Johan ◽  
Lennora Putit
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Control ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Business Transactions ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Financial Credit ◽  
Survey Questionnaires

Many past researches have been carried out in an attempt to continuously understand individuals‟ consumption behaviour. This study was conducted to investigate key factors influencing consumers‟ potential acceptance of halal (or permissible) financial credit card services. Specifically, it anticipated the influence of attitude, social influences and perceived control on consumers‟ behavioural intention to accept such services. In addition, factors such as religiosity and product knowledge were also postulated to affect consumers‟ attitude towards the act of using halal credit cards for any retail or business transactions. Using non-probability sampling approach, a total of 500 survey questionnaires was distributed to targeted respondents in a developing nation but only 220 usable feedbacks were received for subsequent data analysis. Regression results revealed that religiosity and product knowledge significantly influence consumers‟ attitude toward using halal credit card services.  Attitude in turn, subsequently has a significant impact on consumers‟ intention to accept halal financial credit card services. Several theoretical and managerial contributions were observed in this study.   

Photoresponsive Frameworks: Energy Transfer in the Spotlight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey R. Martin ◽  
Kyoung Chul Park ◽  
Ryan E. Corkill ◽  
Preecha Kittikhunnatham ◽  
Gabrielle A. Leith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Photochromic Behavior ◽  
Solid State Materials

In this paper, spiropyran-containing metal- and covalent-organic frameworks (MOFs and COFs, respectively) are probed as platforms for fostering photochromic behavior in solid-state materials while simultaneously promoting directional energy transfer (ET)....

scholarly journals Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals Regarding Factors Associated with Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and Their Consequences: A Cross Sectional Study in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Baraka ◽  
Amany Alboghdadly ◽  
Samar Alshawwa ◽  
Asim Ahmed Elnour ◽  
Hassan Alsultan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Inappropriate Prescribing ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factors Influencing

Factors reported in the literature associated with inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials include physicians with less experience, uncertain diagnosis, and patient caregiver influences on physicians’ decisions. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance is critical for identifying emerging resistance patterns, developing, and assessing the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. Improvement in prescribing antimicrobials would minimize the risk of resistance and, consequently, improve patients’ clinical and health outcomes. The purpose of the study is to delineate factors associated with antimicrobial resistance, describe the factors influencing prescriber’s choice during prescribing of antimicrobial, and examine factors related to consequences of inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobial. A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare providers (190) in six tertiary hospitals in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia. The research panel has developed, validated, and piloted survey specific with closed-ended questions. A value of p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. All data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0). 72.7% of the respondents have agreed that poor skills and knowledge are key factors that contribute to the inappropriate prescribing of antimicrobials. All of the respondents acknowledged effectiveness, previous experience with the antimicrobial, and reading scientific materials (such as books, articles, and the internet) as being key factors influencing physicians’ choice during antimicrobial prescribing. The current study has identified comprehensive education and training needs for healthcare providers about antimicrobial resistance. Using antimicrobials unnecessarily, insufficient duration of antimicrobial use, and using broad spectrum antimicrobials were reported to be common practices. Furthermore, poor skills and knowledge were a key factor that contributed to the inappropriate use and overuse of antimicrobials, and the use of antimicrobials without a physician’s prescription (i.e., self-medication) represent key factors which contribute to AMR from participants’ perspectives. Furthermore, internal policy and guidelines are needed to ensure that the antimicrobials are prescribed in accordance with standard protocols and clinical guidelines.

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