IN VITRO ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITIES OF INDONESIAN MARINE SPONGE AAPTOS AAPTOS AND CALLYSPONGIA PSEUDORETICULATA EXTRACTS AND THEIR TOXICITY AGAINST Vibrio spp.

Vibriosis is one of diseases which often results in mass mortality of Penaeus monodon larval rearing systems. It attacks shrimp of all stages in zoea, mysis and shrimp postlarva stage. This disease is caused by Vibrio spp, particularly Vibrio harveyi (a luminescent bacterium). Several kinds of antibiotics and chemical material have been used to overcome the disease but they have side effects to environment and human. The searching of bioactive compounds as an alternative treatment has been done for multi purposes. In this study diethyl eter, butanol and aqueous extract of Indonesian sponges Aaptos aaptos and Callyspongia pseudoreticulata were tested for in vitro activity against Vibrio spp. and Vibrio harveyi by using disc diffusion method. The result showed that all extracts of Aaptos aaptos gave a positive antibacterial activity towards those pathogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, only butanol extract of Callyspongia pseudoreticulata obtained to exhibit an antibacterial activity on those pathogenic bacteria. The strong anti-vibrio activity were shown by butanol and aqueous extract of Aaptos aaptos with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.313 and 0.625 mg/mL, respectively. Whilst, the butanol extract of Callyspongia pseudoreticulata indicated a low antibacterial activity with the MIC value of 10 mg/mL. Toxicity of those active extracts was evaluated by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST). Interestingly, butanol and aqueous extracts of Aaptos aaptos did not show any toxic effect in Artemia salina larvae up to 8 x MIC (2.504 mg/mL and 5.000 mg/mL). It is the first report for the anti-vibr io activity of both Aaptos aaptos and Callyspongia pseudoreticulata. This results suggest that Aaptos aaptos has a potential to be used as a source of alternative compound to vibriosis prevention for mariculture.

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ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF STEM BARK ESSENTIAL OIL CONSTITUENTS OF LITSEA GLUTINOSA C. B. ROB.

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.13577 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 258

Author(s):

Arunodaya H. S. ◽

Krishna V. ◽

Shashikumar R. ◽

Girish Kumar K.

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Vibrio Cholera ◽

Litsea Glutinosa ◽

Β Carotene ◽

Mic Value

Objective: To evaluate the chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of stem bark essential oil of Litsea glutinosa C. B. Rob.Methods: The essential oil isolated from stem bark of L. glutinosa and their chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry detector. The in vitro antibacterial activity of the stem bark essential oil was investigated against eight human pathogenic bacterial clinical isolates using agar disc diffusion method and MIC value was determined by modified resazurin microtitre-plate assay. The antioxidant activity of essential oil was measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate radical cation (ABTS) and β-carotene bleaching assay.Results: GC-MS analysis of stem bark essential oil resulted in the identification of 37 compounds, off which 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (62.57%), hexadecanoic acid (12.68%), stigmast-5-en-3-ol (6.87%) and vitamin E (2.51%) were the main constituents representing 84.63% of the oil. The determination of in vitro antibacterial activity of stem bark essential oil resulted in significant inhibition zone (15.00±0.57 mm) and MIC value (0.15±0.15×10-2 mg/ml) against the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio cholera followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhi. The results of DPPH radical scavenging (IC50:4.540±0.06 µg/ml), ABTS (IC50:256.02±0.06 µg/ml) and β-carotene bleaching assay (%I: 78.51±0.42 %) showed significant in vitro antioxidant property.Conclusion: L. glutinosa stem bark essential oil showed potential antibacterial activity against the Vibrio cholera. The results of this investigation supported the ethnomedical claim of essential oil as a demulcent, antidiarrheal and antioxidant drug.

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In vitro antibacterial activity of Terminalia chebula leaf gall extracts against some human pathogenic strains

International Current Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/icpj.v1i8.11254 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (8) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

BE Ravi Shankara ◽

YL Ramachandra ◽

S Sundara Rajan ◽

J Preetham ◽

PS Sujan Ganapathy

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Terminalia Chebula ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

South Indian

The leaf galls of Terminalia chebula is used widely as Karkatasringi in south Indian markets. Karkatashringi is an important crude drug employed in various indigenous systems of medicine against several diseases and the drug has diverse medicinal properties. The present study was carried out to understand the antimicrobial activity of various extracts. The antibacterial activity of T. chebula (leaf gall) was evaluated against ten bacterial strains including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria using the agar-well diffusion method. Among the two extracts tested, the ethanol extract presented the best results against all the bacteria while aqueous extract showed moderate inhibition of the microbial growth. Each extract is unique against different microorganisms; Staphylococcus aureus was more susceptible to both extract among the tested organisms, whereas Serratia marcescens and Proteus mirabilis were less susceptible for ethanol and aqueous extract respectively. The inhibitory effect of the extracts was compared with standard antibiotic Ciprofloxacin.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i8.11254 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(8): 217-220

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In vitro antibacterial activity of garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) aqueous extracts against isolates of Brucella abortus

GSC Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/gscarr.2021.6.1.0006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 064-070

Author(s):

Ayda Ali Khalifa ◽

Ali A ElGadal ◽

Firooz M Youssif ◽

Mutaman A Kehail

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Brucella Abortus ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Garlic Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Sensitivity Pattern

Microbial resistance to antibiotics has become a problem plaguing the world. Currently, interest has been focused on exploring antimicrobial properties of plants and herbs. This work aim to evaluate the antibacterial activity of garlic (Allium sativum) bulbs and ginger (Zingiber officinale) rhizome on Brucella abortus isolates. Some concentrations of garlic and ginger extracts were tested for their antibacterial activity against B. abortus isolate brought from Central Veterinary Research Laboratory (CVRL), Soba, using well diffusion method. Moreover, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum lethal concentration (MLC) of garlic and ginger were tested using broth dilution method. Sensitivity pattern of the conventional antibacterial against common pathogenic bacteria was tested using disc diffusion method. Aqueous extract of ginger produced dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition at a concentration of 15% and higher, whereas the garlic extract produced inhibition zone at a concentration of 5% and higher, i.e. B. abortus isolate showed relatively high sensitivity toward garlic extract than ginger which required a more concentrated extract to kill or inhibit B. abortus isolate that brought from (CVRL), Soba, Khartoum, Sudan. Further studies are needed to find out the efficacy, safety, and kinetic data of their active ingredients.

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Antibacterial Activity of Haslea ostrearia Supernatant Adapted in Indonesia against Pathogenic Bacteria Relevant to Mariculture (In-Vitro Study)

Omni-Akuatika ◽

10.20884/1.oa.2019.15.1.626 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 30

Author(s):

Ikfa Permatasari ◽

Fiddy Semba Prasetiya ◽

Sulastri Arsad ◽

Mochamad Untung Kurnia Agung ◽

Jean-Luc Mouget

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Vibrio Harveyi ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Vitro Study ◽

Inhibitory Zone ◽

Haslea Ostrearia

Haslea ostrearia has known as the only diatom which synthesizes a water-soluble blue pigment, marennine. It has some biological activities such as allelopathy, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and growth inhibitor. Marennine is available in two forms, intracellular which located in the apical of the cell and extracellular which released into the culture medium. This research aimed to test the bioactivity of Haslea ostrearia supernatant adapted in Indonesia as an antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria relevant to marine culture using in-vitro study. This research was using an explorative method, data analysed statistically and descriptive-comparatively observed. Observation parameters were the inhibitory zone of antibacterial activity, absorbance value of MIC test, and bacterial growth qualitatively from MBC test. Marennine concentration in the supernatant of Haslea ostrearia adapted in Indonesia is about 3.74 mg. L-1. The highest concentration supernatant of Haslea ostrearia that shown antibacterial activity is 3.5 mg. L-1 with inhibitory zone diameter is about 6.87 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and 7.14 mm for Vibrio harveyi, correspondingly. The minimum concentration that inhibits the growth of Staphylococcus aureus is 0.03 mg. L-1, while for Vibrio harveyi is 0.06 mg. L-1. Antibacterial activity of supernatant Haslea ostrearia originally adapted in Indonesia classified into bacteriostatic

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Antibacterial activity of endosymbiotic bacterial compound from Pheretima sp. earthworms inhibit the growth of Salmonella Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus: in vitro and in silico approach

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v13i4.6981 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dirayah Rauf Husain ◽

Riuh Wardhani

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Binding Affinity ◽

In Silico ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Inhibition Test ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Agar Diffusion ◽

Potent Inhibition

Background and Objectives: Earthworms coexist with various pathogenic microorganisms; thus, their immunity mecha- nisms have developed through a long process of adaptation, including through endogenous bacterial symbionts. This study aims to identify earthworm endosymbiont bacteria compounds and their antibacterial activity through an in vitro approach supported by an in silico approach. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted using the in vitro inhibition test through agar diffusion and the in silico test using molecular docking applications, namely, PyRx and Way2Drugs Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS). Results: The in vitro results showed a potent inhibition activity with a clear zone diameter of 21.75 and 15.5 mm for Staph- ylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhi, respectively. These results are supported by chromatography and in silico tests, which showed that several compounds in endosymbiotic bacteria, cyclo (phenylalanyl-prolyl) and sedanolide, have high binding affinity values with several antibiotic-related target proteins in both pathogenic bacteria. Cyclo (phenylalanyl-prolyl) has the highest binding affinity of -6.0 to dihydropteroate synthase, -8.2 to topoisomerase, and -8.2 to the outer membrane, whereas sedanolide has the highest binding affinity to DNA gyrase with approximately -7.3. This antibiotic activity was also clarified through the Way2Drugs PASS application. Conclusion: Ten active compounds of endosymbiont bacteria, Cyclo (phenylalanyl-prolyl) and sedanolide were potential candidates for antibacterial compounds based on the inhibition test of the agar diffusion method and the results of reverse docking and Way2Drugs PASS.

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Chemical Profile, in vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. and Cotula cinerea (Del.) Essential Oils from Southwestern Algeria

Phytothérapie ◽

10.3166/phyto-2018-0061 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (S1) ◽

pp. S74-S83 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D. Ghouti ◽

H.A. Lazouni ◽

A. Moussaoui ◽

D. Chabane Sari

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Juniperus Phoenicea ◽

Cotula Cinerea

This work aims to study the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) essential oils from southwestern Algeria. The hydrodistilled oils obtained were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC– MS). A total of 45 and 25 compounds were identified representing 100% ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) respectively. The dominant component was α-pinene (46.437%) forJuniperus phoeniceaL. and α-thujone (32.35%) forCotula cinerea(Del.). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against nine foodborne pathogenic bacteria and one yeast, Candida albicans, using the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were examined (micro dilution). The results suggest that the essential oil ofJuniperus phoeniceahas a significant to moderate antibacterial activity on all strains of bacteria. The most sensitive strains were Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis,Micrococcus luteus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andCandida albicanswith (MIC = 0.04 to 0.63 mg/ml).Cotula cinereaoil showed moderate to low sensitivity to the test strains. Its best activity was against Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.303 mg/ml). The DPPH test conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of both oils showed a good to moderate capacity forJuniperus phoeniceaL. (concentration of an inhibitor when the response is reduced by half, IC50 = 0.76 mg/ml) andCotula cinerea(Del.) [IC50 = 28. mg/ml] oils respectively. The promising bioactivities of these plants suggest that they may be a new source of preservative molecules.

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In Vitro Evaluation of Ethanolic and Aqueous Crude Extracts of Newbouldia laevis Leaves on Bacterial Isolates from Ear Infections

International Journal of Pharmacology Phytochemistry and Ethnomedicine ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ijppe.9.18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

Anulika M. Kanu ◽

J.E. Kalu ◽

T. Kalu

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Test Organisms ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Ear Infections ◽

High Concentrations

The antibacterial effects of ethanolic and aqueous crude extract of leaves of Newbouldia laevis were evaluated against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolated from ear infections. A concentration gradient of the ethanolic and aqueous extract (12.5 mg/ml – 100 mg/ml) was prepared and its effectiveness was tested by agar well diffusion method and nutrient broth dilution technique. The organisms tested varied in pattern of susceptibility but were more sensitive at high concentrations. The zone of inhibition of aqueous extract of Newbouldia laevis on test organisms ranged from 4.0 to 15 mm while the ethanolic extracts of Newbouldia laevis on test organisms ranged from 6.5 to 21.00 mm. The comparative susceptibility of test bacteria to Newbouldia and ciprofloxacin showed that there was a significant difference in the antibacterial activity of leaf extract and the antibiotic standard. The MIC values ranged from 12.5 mg/ml to 25 mg/ml. The extract showed a higher antibacterial activity against E. coli, Bacillus spp and S. epidermidis. The result of the study suggests that the leaf extract of N. laevis has the potential and could be used as a source for new broad spectrum antibiotics to treat ear infections caused by test organisms.

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Investigation for New Inhibitors of UDP-N-Acetylglucosamine Enolpyruvyl Transferase (MurA) by Virtual Screening with Antibacterial Assessment

Current Computer - Aided Drug Design ◽

10.2174/1573409916666200213124929 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Ilham Boulhissa ◽

Abdelouahab Chikhi ◽

Abderrahmane Bensegueni ◽

Mohammad Ahmad Ghattas ◽

El Hassen Mokrani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Virtual Screening ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Disk Diffusion ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Library ◽

Broth Dilution

Background: View to its interesting role in the peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway the enzyme UDP-N- acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase is an attractive target to develop new antibacterial agents, it catalyzes the first key step of this pathway and its inhibition leads to the bacterial cell death. Fosfomycin is known as the natural inhibitor of MurA. Objective: Call new inhibitors of MurA by virtual screening of different chemical compounds libraries, and test the best scored “virtual hits” against three pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: A Virtual screening of the structural analogues of fosfomycin downloaded from PubChem database was performed on one side and of the French National Chemical Library as well as using ZINC database to identify new structures different from fosfomycin on the other, FlexX was the software used for this study. The antibacterial testing was divided into methods: disk diffusion and broth dilution. Results: A set of virtual hits was found with better energy score than that of fosfomycin, seven between them were tested in vitro. Therefore, disk diffusion method explored four compounds exhibited antibacterial activity: CID-21680357 (fosfomycin analogue), AB-00005001, ZINC04658565, and ZINC901335. The testing was continued by broth dilution method for both compounds CID-21680357 and ZINC901335 to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations, and ZINC901335 had the best value with 457µg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: Four compounds were found and proven in silico and in vitro to have antibacterial activity: CID-21680357, AB-00005001, ZINC04658565, and ZINC901335.

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Antibacterial Activities of Some Transition Metal Schiff Base Complexes

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.10.12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 12-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M.N. Islam ◽

S.M.S. Shahriar ◽

M.K. Islam ◽

M. Jesmin ◽

M.M. Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Schiff Base ◽

Transition Metal ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Schiff Base Complexes ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Moderate Sensitivity ◽

Higher Doses

A new series of four transition metal complexes of a Schiff base derived from salicylaldehyde and glycine, viz. [N-salicylidene glycinato diaqua cobalt (II) dimer] (SGCo)2, [N-salicylideneglycinato-di-aqua-nickel(ll)dimer] (SGN)2, [N-salicylideneglycinato-aqua-copper(II)] (SGC) and [N-salicylidene glycinato diaqua zinc(II) dimer] (SGZ)2 have been synthesized and characterized through a rapid, simple, and efficient methodology in excellent yield. These compounds were screened for In Vitro antibacterial activities against six pathogenic bacteria, such as Shigella sonnei, Escherichia coli, Bacilus subtilis, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas arioginosa. The antibacterial activity was determined by the disc diffusion method using DMSO as solvent. The results indicate that (SGC) compound exhibit a significant antibacterial activity, depending on the bacterial strain and (SGCo)2, (SGN)2 and (SGZ)2 compounds show a moderate sensitivity even with higher doses. All these compounds were found to possess cytotoxic effect.

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Zizyphus lotus (L.) extracts as prebiotics in the aggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibition of pathologic bacteria from patients with colorectal cancer

International Journal of Food Studies ◽

10.7455/ijfs/9.1.2020.a3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Ouldchikh ◽

Aicha TirTouil ◽

Boumédiene Meddah

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Intestinal Bacteria ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Vitro Effect

The mucosal surfaces of the intestinal tract harbor a complex microbiota. Bacteria enter in contact with intestinal cells and bestow important nutritional, metabolic and protective functions which benefit the host. Various factors are able to alter the balances between different intestinal bacteria. Dysbiosis has been described in various pathologies and metabolic diseases in humans, such as cancer. Colorectal cancer pathology can benefit from gut microbial imbalance. Its overgrowth may lead to acute symptoms. An alternative strategy to restore this balance is the use of plant extracts which exhibit a prebiotic activity by stimulating of probiotic bacteria and antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria colonization. The present study aims to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of phenolic extracts (Aqueous extract "AE" and Methanolic extract "ME" ) from Zizyphus lotus. It aims also to investigate the effect of this extract as a prebiotic on the aggregation of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria isolated from faeces of patients with colorectal cancer. Phytochemical analysis of different extracts from Zizyphus lotus by HPLC showed that all are rich in phenolic compounds (225.40 mgAGE/gDW for AE and 63.04 mgAGE/gDW for ME extracts). Moreover, all extracts showed an important antioxidant activity (227 µg/ml for AE and 195 µg/ml for ME). These extracts also exhibited a significant prebiotic effect and antibacterial activity. Characterization of the in vitro effect of the aqueous extract showed that the percentage of autoaggregation and adhesion of probiotic and inhibitory effects of pathogenic bacteria increased in the presence of aqueous extracts.

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