Talk labour and doing ‘being neoliberal mother’

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elinor Ochs ◽  
Tamar Kremer-Sadlik
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Harvey Sacks ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

This essay considers the gendered work of childrearing through Harvey Sacks’ (1992) concept of doing ‘being ordinary’. While doing ‘being ordinary’ under-girds social order, what constitutes ‘ordinary’ changes over time. Neoliberalism ushered in middle-class childrearing ideologies that encourage parents to share ever more intensive responsibilities; yet, mothers ordinarily continue to assume the lion’s portion. Central to the intensive parenting practices primarily carried out by mothers is what we call ‘talk labour’, wherein dialoguing with children as conversational partners, beginning in infancy, is constant. The ubiquity of talk makes ordinary for young children a communicative style of heightened reflexivity about their own and others’ actions, ideas and sentiments – skills conducive to becoming a successful actor in the knowledge economy. This essay ties intensification of child-directed talk, critical to ‘doing being neoliberal mother’, to social transformations in family life rooted in modernity and the Industrial Revolution.

scholarly journals Realist Magic in the Fiction of William Dean Howells

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
William Dean Howells ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Human Community ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
Literary Device ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

William Dean Howells was committed to determining what would inspire people from different economic, political, and religious backgrounds to imagine each other as respected members of a human community. Scholars have debated whether his realist aesthetic was suited to do that. Some have argued that realism works to contain the lower classes, and others have argued that it portrays a heterogeneous society in which social problems can be solved through human negotiation between the middle classes and others. Scholars have not, however, addressed how Howells performs the necessary shift in his fiction from a space in which characters focus on their own interests to a space in which they seek to enact justice through negotiating with disparate people. This article identifies and names what enacts that necessary shift: the literary device of accident. In Howells's fiction chance meetings, feelings of accidental connection, and injuries during travel force his middle-class characters into understanding labor politics, slum dwellers, and morally compromised millionaires. His use of accident changes over time, from The Undiscovered Country (1880) to Annie Kilburn (1889) and A Hazard of New Fortunes (1890). This essay traces that change in order to reflect on the democratic and antidemocratic implications of Howells's realist aesthetic.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Transformation of Information Economy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Fırat ◽  
Zeynep Karaçor ◽  
İnci Mine Özkan
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
World Economic

The economy, which is one of the basic building institutions of society, has been the most affected institution in this situation. Since the Industrial Revolution, new disciplines have emerged in the changing and developing world economic and social order. One of the most popular branches of knowledge economy in recent years has been the effects of Information technology on the economy. Since the Industrial Revolution, new disciplines have emerged in the changing and developing world economic and social order. Changing production and consumption preferences, the development of technology has set the stage for the formation of a knowledge-based economy. The information economy, which examines how information affects economic and economic decisions, has been one of the favorites of the economy in recent years. The change and development process that started with the Industrial Revolution changed the production and consumption preferences gradually and radically. These radical changes brought about certain transformations in every institution of society. The social and economic field has also begun a wholesale rise process. The development of technology has brought divisions in the bottom of the economy in particular, accelerating the transformation process of the world economy by revealing concepts like knowledge economy and innovation economy. In this study, the stages of transformation from the industrial society to the information economy and the structure of the emerging information society have been evaluated. The historical process of the information economy as a result of the work is evidence of how the information economy evolved.

scholarly journals Transformation as a type: seeking a flexible housing type for the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamna Zaheer
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Housing Typology ◽  
Over Time

Rapid social and technological change have largely influenced the way in which individuals and families inhabit their dwellings, leading to new functional and formal lifestyle demands within the domestic realm. “The current information society is more closely linked to time than space. Its networks produce systems that are discontinuous in space but continuous in time…the most consistent systems are those capable of distributing their activities homogeneously in time, thus avoiding the generation of another parallel space…specifically for one concrete use.” (Guallart, 2004, p.25) In a time where change and transformation are omnipresent and highly influential, how can we design habitats that respond directly to the changing social order, by transforming into the appropriate space which supports the changing occupants, activities, and functions of a home? This thesis proposes a flexible housing typology, which has the ability to transform and adapt to socio-cultural and technological changes over time.

Maternal parenting stress changes over the first year of life in infants with complex cardiac defects and in healthy infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nadya Golfenshtein ◽  
Alexandra L Hanlon ◽  
Janet A Deatrick ◽  
Barbara Medoff-Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cardiac Defects ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Parent Domain ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives: Parents of infants with CHDs experience increased parenting stress compared to the general population, potentially interfering with parenting practices and bear adverse family outcomes. The changes in stress over the critical period of infancy have yet to be studied. The current study aimed to compare parenting stress changes over time between parents of infants with CHDs and parents of healthy infants during the first year of infants’ life. Methods: Data from a larger prospective cohort study were longitudinally analysed using mixed-effects multivariable regression modelling. Sample included mothers of 129 infants with complex cardiac defects and healthy infants, recruited from the cardiac ICU of a large cardiac centre and outpatient paediatric practices in Northeastern America. Outcome was measured over four visits via the Parenting Stress Index Long Form. Results: Stress in the cardiac group has significantly decreased over time on the Parent Domain (p = 0.025), and stress in the healthy group has significantly increased over time on the Child Domain (p = 0.033). Parenting stress trajectories demonstrated significant differences between groups on the Parent Domain (p = 0.026) and on the Total Stress (p = 0.039) subscales. Conclusions: Parenting stress in the paediatric cardiac population changes over time and differs from stress experienced by parents of healthy infants. Findings highlight stressful periods that may be potentially risky for parents of infants with CHDs and introduce additional illness-related and psychosocial/familial aspects to the parenting stress concept.

scholarly journals Transformation as a type: seeking a flexible housing type for the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamna Zaheer
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Current Information ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Housing Typology ◽  
Over Time

Rapid social and technological change have largely influenced the way in which individuals and families inhabit their dwellings, leading to new functional and formal lifestyle demands within the domestic realm. “The current information society is more closely linked to time than space. Its networks produce systems that are discontinuous in space but continuous in time…the most consistent systems are those capable of distributing their activities homogeneously in time, thus avoiding the generation of another parallel space…specifically for one concrete use.” (Guallart, 2004, p.25) In a time where change and transformation are omnipresent and highly influential, how can we design habitats that respond directly to the changing social order, by transforming into the appropriate space which supports the changing occupants, activities, and functions of a home? This thesis proposes a flexible housing typology, which has the ability to transform and adapt to socio-cultural and technological changes over time.

Social Work Practice: History and Evolution

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. McNutt
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
History Of ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Social work is a profession that began its life as a call to help the poor, the destitute and the disenfranchised of a rapidly changing social order. It continues today still pursuing that quest, perhaps with some occasional deviations of direction from the original spirit. Social work practice is the primary means of achieving the profession's ends. It is impossible to overstate the centrality or the importance of social work practice to the profession of social work. Much of what is important about the history of the profession is the history of social work practice. We must consider both social work practice per se (the knowledge base, practice theories and techniques) and the context for social work practice. The context of practice includes the agency setting, the policy framework and the large social system in which practice takes place. Social work practice is created within a political, social, cultural and economic matrix that shapes the assumptions of practice, the problems that practice must deal with and the preferred outcomes of practice. Over time, the base forces that create practice and create the context for practice, change. Midgley (1981) correctly notes that practice created in one social order is often inappropriate for work in another social order. Since the social order changes over time, practice created at one point in time may no longer be appropriate in the future.

Mobile Communication and Transcendent Parenting

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-154
Author(s):  
Sun Sun Lim
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
The World

This chapter enunciates how mobile media have engendered the conditions for transcendent parenting practices to emerge, thereby transforming family life in Asian urban middle-class households. It argues that although mothers generally seem to be more involved in their transcendent parenting duties, a more desirable state of shared transcendent parenting between fathers and mothers will ultimately alter the practice of transcendent parenting. It also discusses how the Singapore-focused transcendent parenting experiences in this book are relevant to urban middle-class societies in other parts of the world. Finally, it highlights the negotiation of the consequences of transcendent parenting.

Old Questions, New Data, and Alternative Perspectives: Families' Living Standards in the Industrial Revolution

1992 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Horrell ◽  
Jane Humphries
Keyword(s):  
Real Wage ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Wage Rates ◽  
The Business Cycle ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Material Progress ◽  
Over Time

We have used the household accounts of 1,350 husband-wife families to investigate trends in male earnings and family incomes. This evidence confirms the material progress suggested by trends in the real wage rates of adult males. But the budget data underscore occupational and regional distinctions, discontinuities in the growth process, and changes over time in the ability of other family members to offset the effects of the business cycle on men's earnings. Overall, family incomes grew less than male earnings.

Between Kingdom and Nation: The Metamorphosis of Malay Identity in Malaysia

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Territorial Jurisdiction ◽  
The Face ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Kinship Ties ◽  
First Time ◽  
Over Time

AbstractConceptions of Malay identity have undergone various transformations in the face of political and economic changes over time. In the pre-colonial period it was centred on personal loyalty and kinship ties within a sultanate. During the colonial years the establishment of territorial jurisdiction and an incipient state by the British extended the basis of the Malay identification. At the same time a pan-Malay consciousness was competitively articulated for the first time between the non-Malay Muslim and Malay Muslim intelligentsia. Decolonization and impending nationhood engendered an exclusive formulation of Malay identity in response to the Chinese presence. As a consequence of the modernization of Malay society and the emergence of a significant Malay middle class, new definitions are being sought to accommodate changing circumstances.

scholarly journals The Italian breakfast: Mulino Bianco and the advent of a family practice (1971-1995)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2478-2498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Pirani ◽  
Benedetta Cappellini ◽  
Vicki Harman
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Food Practices ◽  
New Family ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Symbolic Meanings ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Marketing Material ◽  
Over Time

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how Mulino Bianco, an iconic Italian bakery brand, has reshaped the symbolic and material aspects of breakfast in Italy, transforming a declining practice into a common family occasion.Design/methodology/approachA socio-historical analysis of the iconisation process has been undertaken with a framework for investigating the symbolic, material and practice-based aspects of the brand and their changes over time. Archival marketing material, advertising campaigns and interviews with brand managers constitute the main data for analysis.FindingsThree crucial moments have been identified in which the brand articulates its relationship with the practice of breakfast. During the launch of the brand, the articulation was mainly instigated via the myths of tamed nature and rural past and the material aspect of the products reinforced such an articulation. In the second moment, the articulation was established with the brand’s materiality, emphasised through the use of promotional items targeting mothers and children. In the last phase, a cementification of the articulation was achieved mainly via the symbolic aspect of the brand – communicating Mulino Bianco as emblematic of a new family life in which the “Italian breakfast” was central.Originality/valueTheoretically, this paper advances the understanding of the pervasive influence of brands in family life, showing how they do not simply reshape existing family food practices, rather they can re-create new ones, investing them with symbolic meanings, anchoring them with novel materiality and equipping consumers with new understandings and competences.

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