Frames of Reference for the Past: Some Thoughts on Bernal, Truth and Reality

1990 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sturt W. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
The Past

The identity of the Kyrgyz: a historical and social study (Part 1)

2021 ◽  
pp. 380-389
Author(s):  
ŞENGÜL ÇEBİ İSRA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Identity is the expression of an individual's self-definition and self-positioning. It gives the answer to who a person is and what his worldview is. It is the definition of being and belonging. It is the explanation of what the individual is, both socially and psychologically. It is clear that identity, which is the focus of our research, is a concept related to belonging, what we have in common with some people and what differentiates a person from others. Based on this definition, it can be stated that identity is characterized by sharing certain things and, on the basis of these common points, a person is differentiated from other groups of people and approaches a group to which he feels belonging. In this understanding, identity is determined not by the norms that characterize the culture of a particular period, but by the existence of a community of people who share a common heritage, such as language and history: “… our identities reflect common historical experiences and common cultural codes that provide us as «a people» with stable, unchanging and permanent frames of reference and meaning under the changing distinctions and changes of our true history.» Accordingly, we can define the Kyrgyz identity through «a common culture, a common history and a kind of collective real identity shared by all members of the clan». However, the Kyrgyz identity accepts cultural identity as a reality belonging to both the future and the past. In this direction, the Kyrgyz identity is a positioning formed within the framework of historical and cultural discourses. In the light of this information, in this study, we will reveal the historical roots of the Kyrgyz identity.

VICTORIAN MELODRAMA AND THE PERFORMANCE OF POVERTY

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Leaver
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Victorian Culture ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Cultural Formation ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

QUESTIONSABOUT THE PERFORMATIVE NATURE of Victorian culture have received extended attention in the past decade or so as critics have begun to examine the relationship between representation and subjectivity.1 By and large, such studies have fruitfully problematized our received assumptions about the private character of the Victorians. At the same time, however, they have also implicitly privileged the middle-class frames of reference that shape the distinction, for even as they complicate our understanding of performance by calling into question the distinction between public and private modes, critics who take up such issues tend not to question the stability of the categories of experience under scrutiny. As a result, while we gain important new insights into the cultural formation of identity or genre underwritten by the separation of public and private spheres, we also risk reading all Victorians as if their relationships to such ideological formations were identical with those of the emerging middle class.

scholarly journals Human Transcendence as a Locus of Revelation and Foundation for Theological Work: Implications from Rahner’s Hearer of the Word

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Leandro Luis Bedin Fontana
Keyword(s):  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Apparent Contradiction ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
The Face ◽  
Life Projects

This article concerns the complex relation between the heteronomous authority of divine revelation and human autonomy, particularly having regard to the context of Western, secularized, religiously plural societies. In the face of the current fragmentation of meaning and the crisis of morality, and considering that individuals must take on the responsibility for their own life projects and decisions themselves, they can no longer cope without personal autonomy to form their own frames of reference, rather than deriving them from religions, as in the past, whose doctrines have become alien to them. In Hearer of the Word, Rahner raises human transcendence to a category in which human autonomy and God’s ultimate Word meet on the level of Being, of existence, where eaning is reintegrated, the lively, original experience of Revelation is recovered, and the apparent contradiction between faith and lifeworld can be overcome through an authentic form of religious life. ***A transcendência humana como lugar de Revelação e fundamento do fazer teológico: Implicações da obra Ouvintes da Palavra, de K. Rahner***O presente artigo aborda a complexa relação entre a autonomia humana e a autoridade heterônoma da Revelação divina, dedicando particular atenção ao contexto das sociedades secularizadas e religiosamente plurais do Ocidente. Considerando a fragmentação de sentido, a crise da moralidade, e a necessidade de que os indivíduos desses contextos assumam completa responsabilidade por seus projetos de vida e decisões, tornou-se impossível prescindir da autonomia pessoal que possibilita a cada um/a poder definir os próprios marcos de  referência, ao invés de delegar essa tarefa às religiões, como no passado, o que tem dado origem, não raro, a conflitos existenciais. Em Ouvintes da Palavra,Rahner eleva a transcendência humana a uma categoria na qual a autonomia humana e a Palavra de Deus encontram-se no plano do Ser, da existência, onde o sentido é reintegrado, a experiência viva originária da Revelação é recuperada e a aparente contradição entre fé e mundo da vida pode ser superada através de uma vida religiosa e espiritual autêntica.Palavras-chave: Revelação. Autonomia. Secularidade. Transcendência. Teologia

scholarly journals Hoe praat ons oor/van God? Teologiese idiome van gister en van vandag

1992 ◽  
Vol 48 (3/4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Contextual Theology ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Liberal Theology ◽  
Conceptual Frame ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dialectical Theology

How does one speak about/of God? Theological idioms in the past and present In transitional stages theologians perceive that proven theories, models or methods become dated and that the specific idiom in which one speaks about/of God is not relevant any more. A theological idiom is defined as an example of the dicta used in the framework of a particular conceptual frame of reference. By presenting an overview of selected theological idioms used in the past and present, this article aims to propose a model for practising theology today. The selection is made from the following conceptual frames of reference: Middle Platonism, Aristotelian Scholasticism, Reformed Theology, Reformed Orthodoxy, Liberal Theology, Dialectical Theology and Contextual Theology.

Facing Time and the Absurd

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-106
Author(s):  
Inka Stock
Keyword(s):  
External World ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
The Past ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
The Future ◽  
In Transit

This chapter changes the perspective and focuses on migrants’ image of themselves when stuck in Morocco. It describes the experience of being stuck in transit as an existential dilemma and analyses migrants’ efforts to resynchronize their temporal frames of reference with those of the external world. Through the stories of migrants I interviewed, I show how people become disconnected from the past and the future and struggle with a meaningless life in the present. This places them in a situation which they themselves conceive as absurd or senseless. This existence “out of time” can affect their capacity to take informed decisions about their life, to plan for the future and to care for their relations with families back home.

National Policy and Western Development in North America

1956 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon C. Fowke
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
The West ◽  
General Theme ◽  
The Past ◽  
Western Development ◽  
Underdeveloped Region

The general theme of these discussions calls for a reinterpretation of the West as an underdeveloped region. This lends credence to a hypothesis occasionally encountered that history is comprised of the examination of a succession of conceptual anachronisms devised in each case by the historian's generation for the solution of contemporary problems and applied as an afterthought to the reconstruction of the past. The adoption of the concept of underdevelopment in die present circumstance is in line with this hypothesis and is, in this regard, in good company with well-worn frames of reference utilized by earlier generations of North American economic historians. Turner advanced the frontier thesis as a tool of analysis of the past at a time when major concern was arising over the frontier's disappearance. Innis fashioned the staple-trade approach to Canadian economic development in the interwar years when for a time it appeared that Canadian prosperity and material advance had vanished coincidentally with the mortal illness of the last great Canadian staple, wheat.

Plans and Programs

1973 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-314
Author(s):  
David W. Sweet
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
The Past ◽  
Correctional Systems ◽  
Present Context ◽  
And Control ◽  
Effective Analysis

The debate between two bands of professionals in the cor rectional system, the healers and the keepers, serves to perpetuate the failures of the past and to frustrate innovative, effective analysis and reform. Given the present context, reforms inevit ably become tools for further punishment and control. The old questions are irrelevant; the old verities, insufficient. The data collected are inadequate, supplying poor answers to insignificant questions. What is urged here is that new frames of reference, borrowed from the methods of policy analysis, be applied to correctional systems. Professional bias constrains the vision of those now working in the system and forces them to divide into factions; therefore, a new band of analysts, cynical and gen eralist in outlook and background, is required to formulate and clarify the system's assumptions, values, goals, program structures, and evaluation. Otherwise, correction will remain transfixed in its hypnotic obsession with failure and obscurity.

Seeing the insurgent in transformative planning practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efadul Huq
Keyword(s):  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Social Location ◽  
The Past ◽  
Shed Light

Insurgent planning and radical planning are two of the most popular conceptual frames of reference for progressive planners and theorists of transformative planning practices. In the past decades, scholars have extended these two planning conceptions to new geographies and realities to shed light on how planning can challenge structural injustices and marginalization. However, less attention has been given to how insurgent planning renovates radical planning practices in response to the crisis of neoliberal urbanization. While appreciating that radical and insurgent planning remain braided in practice, this article contributes to the literature on transformative planning by highlighting how insurgent planning builds on radical planning and innovates with regard to social location, epistemic distinction, and analytical unit.

The identity of the Kyrgyz: a historical and social study (Part 2)

2021 ◽  
pp. 390-395
Author(s):  
ŞENGÜL ÇEBİ İSRA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Frames Of Reference ◽  
Cultural Discourses ◽  
Common Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Heritage ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
The Future

Identity is determined not by the norms that characterize the culture of a particular period, but by the existence of a community of people who share a common heritage, such as language and history: “… our identities reflect common historical experiences and common cultural codes that provide us as «a people» with stable, unchanging and permanent frames of reference and meaning under the changing distinctions and changes of our true history». Accordingly, we can define the Kyrgyz identity through «a common culture, a common history and a kind of collective real identity shared by all members of the clan». However, the Kyrgyz identity accepts cultural identity as a reality belonging to both the future and the past. In this direction, the Kyrgyz identity is a positioning formed within the framework of historical and cultural discourses. In the light of this information, in this study, we will reveal the historical roots of the Kyrgyz identity.

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