From Performance to Casket Copy

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 190-208
Author(s):  
Cordell M. Waldron
Keyword(s):  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Standard Of Comparison

Does the central role of the Iliad and the Odyssey in ancient Greek culture indicate that they functioned as scripture? Taking the role of the Tanakh in Jewish culture as the standard of comparison, this essay argues that, while the Tanakh and the epics functioned similarly as foundational texts in their respective cultures, the ways in which Homer was used in Hellenic culture differ markedly from the ways in which the Tanakh was used in ancient Jewish culture. The Homeric epics were primarily thought of as orally delivered or performed events throughout most of their history, only coming to be thought of as primarily written texts in the Hellenistic era and later, whereas almost from its origins the Tanakh commands and exemplifies a textcentered community in which that which is written is most important.

scholarly journals The Concept of Therapy in Ancient Greek Texts & Dance Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Lazou
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
The Other ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Dance Culture ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Historical Investigation ◽  
The One

In the context of the research effort of the Ancient Orchesis Study Group to reconstitute the philosophical and wider cultural presuppositions that define the ancient Greek dance culture, from which the Greek-speaking and Roman world was removed, to return with the Renaissance in a new European context, along with the recognition of the basic anthropological, on the one hand, aesthetic, on the other hand, criteria and principles of art and, in particular, of dance expression, we attempt a review of certain concepts like θεραπεία, κάθαρσις, ἔρως and finally δρᾶμα, χορός & ὄρχησις-which stand for characteristic phenomena of ancient Greek culture. This article plays the role of an introduction into the philosophical-historical investigation and understanding of concepts of intrinsic importance in the question about relating philosophy with art and therapy in the ancient world.

Levinas as a Reader of Jewish Texts

2018 ◽  
pp. 442-458
Author(s):  
Ethan Kleinberg
Keyword(s):  
Reading Strategies ◽  
Related Issue ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
And Training ◽  
Do So

This article attempts to understand Levinas as a reader of Jewish texts, with particular attention paid to his Talmudic commentaries. To do so, the entangled relation between oral and written texts is explored; one must be able to properly “read” but also “write,” and there is the related issue of the methodology and training to be able to do so properly. Levinas offers commentary on each issue. Several interpretations of Talmudic texts and an important discussion of reading Scripture are analyzed in order to elucidate Levinas’s reading strategies, what this tells us about his relation to the larger tradition of Talmudic commentary, and Levinas’s particular historical moment, especially the role of the Holocaust for his approach to reading the Talmud and traditional texts.

Levantine Art in the “Orientalizing” Period

2019 ◽  
pp. 369-383
Author(s):  
Marian H. Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The West ◽  
False Dichotomy ◽  
First Millennium

The “Orientalizing period” represents a scholarly designation used to describe the eighth and seventh centuries bce when regions in Greece, Italy, and farther west witnessed a flourishing of arts and cultures attributed to contact with cultural areas to the east—in particular that of the Phoenicians. This chapter surveys Orientalizing as an intellectual and historiographic concept and reconsiders the role of purportedly Phoenician arts within the existing scholarly narratives. The Orientalizing period should be understood as a construct of nineteenth- and twentieth-century scholarship that was structured around a false dichotomy between the Orient (the East) and the West. The designation “Phoenician” has a similarly complex historiographic past rooted in ancient Greek stereotyping that has profoundly shaped modern scholarly interpretations. This chapter argues that the luxury arts most often credited as agents of Orientalization—most prominent among them being carved ivories, decorated metal bowls, and engraved tridacna shells—cannot be exclusively associated with a Phoenician cultural origin, thus calling into question the primacy of the Phoenicians in Orientalizing processes. Each of these types of objects appears to have a much broader production sphere than is indicated by the attribute as Phoenician. In addition, the notion of unidirectional influences flowing from east to west is challenged, and instead concepts of connectivity and networking are proposed as more useful frameworks for approaching the problem of cultural relations during the early part of the first millennium bce.

scholarly journals Modeling Syntactic Change under Contact: The Case of Italiot Greek

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Cristina Guardiano ◽  
Melita Stavrou
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Syntactic Change ◽  
The Social ◽  
Linguistic Structures

In this paper, we investigate patterns of persistence and change affecting the syntax of nominal structures in Italiot Greek in comparison to Modern (and Ancient) Greek, and we explore the role of Southern Italo-Romance as a potential source of interference. Our aim is to highlight the dynamics that favor syntactic contact in this domain: we provide an overview of the social context where these dynamics have taken place and of the linguistic structures involved.

scholarly journals Autentyczny tekst pisany jako pomoc dydak-tyczna w nauczaniu dorosłych komunikowania się w języku specjalistycznym

Neofilolog ◽  
1970 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Communication Tool ◽  
Written Texts ◽  
Language Classes ◽  
Specialist Knowledge ◽  
Information Materials

This paper is an attempt to present the role of authentic written texts in teaching communication in specialist language, based on the example of business language. The terms detailed here include communication, language as communication tool and specialist text. The methods of creating new terms, correlations between the sender of some content and its addressee, and the specialist knowledge held. The options of using specialist texts in business language classes were also presented. In this case such texts include information materials, interviews, certificates, contacts, agreements, statements, confirmations, invoices, orders, reports, other documents and commercial forms and commercial and official correspondence.

scholarly journals THEBES IN THE BOIOTIANS’ MYTHOLOGICAL NARRATIVE

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
O. Kiriakov
Keyword(s):  
Main Role ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Greek Society ◽  
The People ◽  
New Tradition ◽  
Written Sources

he article is devoted to the study of the Boiotians’ myths. These legendary stories were a basis of the imagined past. So myths had formed the mentality of the Ancient Greek society. The main for Boiotian people was a myth about the own migration. We can find this tale in the “History” by Thucydides. But it was only a later retelling of the myths of the epic text. The first version of the tale we need to look for in the epic texts such as Homer’s “Iliad” and Hesiod’s poems. So myth about migration of Boiotians was the basis of the imagined past of the people of this region. Main role of the tale was played by Boiotians, who became eponym of the people. The author tried to recover myths about the polis of Thebes. Differences between regional and polis tales may answer the question: what was a real role played by polis of Thebes in the imagined past of Boiotian people. Ancient Greeks created a great number of myths about Thebes. A lot of these tales were a basis for Attic classical tragedy. But none of the earliest mythological narratives of Thebes intersect with myth of the Boiotians origin. The biggest polis of the region didn’t play any role at the imagining past of the Boiotian people. But imagined past could be changed. One of the examples we can find at Corinna’s poems. This source told us that first king of Thebes was a son of Boiotos. It was the newer tradition than an epic migration story. This tale appeared at the period of Thebes’ hegemony. And it has sense only as propaganda of polis of Thebes in the region. Mythological origin genealogy was softly rewriting of the imagined past. A new reality was created by using a poem in ritual. So, Thebes had a political motive to change imagine past and used for that soft mythical genealogy. The repeating through the ritual should have justified this new tradition. This research is based on the ancient written sources and academic studies. The article is an attempt to understand how myths were created and influenced the life of Ancient Greeks.

scholarly journals On the Development of Jewish Museums and Jewish Ethnography in Ukraine, 1917–1941

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-79
Author(s):  
Marina Shcherbakova
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Jewish Culture ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
National Movements ◽  
Central Representation ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Insight Into

The article explores the development of the Jewish museums and Ethnographic Studies of Jewish culture in the Soviet Ukraine within the framework of the state ethnic policies and local scholarly and cultural initiatives. After 1917, the state’s gradually increased attention – as ambivalent as it was – to Jewish exhibitions can be seen in a number of projects conceived and in part realized in Kyev.The Mendele Moicher Sforim Museum of Jewish culture, opened in Odessa in 1927, was meant to become the central representation of the Soviet Jewish culture. However, despite the initial support of the Soviet administration,the change of the political situation in the early 1930s jeopardized the existence of the museum collections. Numerous displays of Judaica objects in local museums of Ukrainian towns provide insight into the role of the korenization (“giving roots”, indigenization) campaign and the legacy of the pre-revolutionary national movements. The article investigates the process of the museumization of Jewish culture in the interwar period as a confluence of factors of national identity, social construction, and relations between the center and the periphery.

scholarly journals EMOTION AS A FEATURE OF ARISTOTELIAN EUDAIMONIA AND AFRICAN COMMUNITARIANISM

Phronimon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-61
Author(s):  
Bernard Matolino
Keyword(s):  
African Philosophy ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Ancient Greek Philosophy ◽  
Emotional Basis

Taking it to be the case that there are reasonable grounds to compare African communitarianism and Aristotle’s eudaimonia, or any aspect of African philosophy with some ancient Greek philosophy,1;2 I suggest that it is worthwhile to revisit an interesting aspect of interpreting Aristotelian virtue and how that sort of interpretation may rehabilitate the role of emotion in African communitarianism. There has been debate on whether Aristotle’s ethic is exclusively committed to an intellectualist version or a combination of intellectualism and emotion. There are good arguments for holding either view. The same has not quite been attempted with African communitarianism. This paper seeks to work out whether African communitarianism can be viewed on an exclusively emotional basis or a combination of emotion and intellect.

scholarly journals Somatic Phraseological Units with the Component“Heart” in Ancient Greek Tragedies of the Classical Age

2018 ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Oleksandra Tyrnova
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Slow Heart Rate ◽  
Classical Age

The article explores phraseological units with the somatic component “heart”, which serve to denote emotions, psychological states and feelings in the Ancient Greek language of the classical age. The authors analyze the meaning of the verbs, used in the structure of the somatic phraseological units and compound metaphors with the somatic word “heart”. It is determined that more than hundred somatic phraseological units with the component καρδία / κραδίη / κῆρ “heart” are used in Greek tragedies of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides and 62 units of them serve to denote emotions, psychological states and feelings. It is revealed that somatic phraseological units with the component “heart”, which denote negative emotions and feelings, are predominant in the language of Greek tragedies. In particular, these emotions and feelings are sadness, sorrow, fear, anger, annoyance, irritation, malice, mental pain, despair and depression. The sphere of positive emotions, such as joy, exaltation, satisfaction, calmness and pacification, represented by the language material show the correlation of 15 % to 85 % with the phraseological units of negative meaning. It is found out that the meaning of verbs, used as a part of the phraseological unit, refer to physical action, which is committed over the heart, particularly harm, violence and abuse, physical pain, fast or slow heart rate, cold or hot feelings. In the phraseological units, which denote depression and despair, verbs indicate causing physical injuries of heart, for example, θλίβω “squeeze”,“compress”, δάκνω “bite”, μαστιγόω “slash”, ἐκτήκω “melt”. The verbs, used in the phraseological units with the meaning of fear, indicate changes of heart’s temperature and its pace, for instance ζωπυρέω “flare up”, ὀρχέομαι “dance”. Mental anxiety is verbalized via the cognitive metaphor “heart – water”, therefore waves arise in an alarmed heart or heart rages from an inevitable cycle. The results of the research confirm the thesis that the ancient Greek culture is a “culture of the heart”.

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