2 Twisted

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
Ann Burlein
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
The Family ◽  
Double Voice

Why do we speak so insistently of the genome in terms of the Book—even going so far as to literalize this language? Drawing on Bakthin’s insight that our thought begins when we double-voice the words of others, using and re-accenting, this article argues that double-voicing religion is how the scientific secular is made. The insistence on treating scriptural metaphors as somehow real (even though we have long known better) arises from the need to use and thereby re-accent “internally persuasive words” in order to create new ways for words to mean. This article investigates two kinds of dialogue between the science of the gene and the book. Internally, invoking scriptural metaphors enables medical genetics to represent itself as having at long last sutured the gap between thought and being that Foucault deemed central to Western modernity. Externally, invoking the biblical signifier enables medical science to stabilize its popular reception by using “the family” to colonize affect.

scholarly journals Richard Friedrich Johannes Pfeiffer, 1858-1945

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Early Education ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Family Resources ◽  
Army Medical ◽  
The Family ◽  
Foreign Member

Richard Pfeiffer, one of the pioneers of bacteriology and an assistant of Robert Koch, was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society in 1928 at the age of 70. Twenty-seven years later inquiry revealed that he was still alive in 1945 behind the Iron Curtain, but that since then all trace of him had been lost. It is now known that he died on 15 September 1945 aged 87 years. Richard Pfeiffer was born on 27 March 1858 at Zduny, Posen, the eldest son of Otto Pfeiffer, a clergyman, and received his early education at Schweidnitz whither the family had removed. He passed out of the Gymnasium at the age of 17. He always had the ambition to study the natural sciences and medicine, but the family resources made a University career impossible. He was, however, fortunate in being accepted as a pupil in the exclusive ‘Pepiniere’ (afterwards the Kaiser Wilhelm Akademie). The purpose of this institution was to train boys to enter the Army Medical Service, and a number of its pupils had become leading bacteriologists. Education at the ‘Pepiniere’ was therefore a distinct step towards a career in medical science.

scholarly journals Research Centre for Medical Genetics: Short History

2019 ◽  
pp. 34-49
Author(s):  
Е.К. Гинтер ◽  
Л.М. Константинова
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Hereditary Diseases ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Clinical Genetics ◽  
Short History ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Effective Diagnosis ◽  
Structure Research

Медико-генетический научный центр (ФГБНУ МГНЦ) сформировался на базе Института медицинской генетики (ИМГ) АМН СССР. В структуре Института с самого начала была заложена организация научных отделов, в которых разрабатывались бы основные для того времени исследовательские направления: популяционная генетика, клиническая генетика, цитогенетика и биохимическая генетика. Самые заметные изменения в структуре Института и тематике научных исследований произошли в связи с реорганизацией ИМГ АМН СССР во Всесоюзный научный медико-генетический центр в 1989 г. В настоящее время сотрудники ФГБНУ МГНЦ проводят исследования по всем основным направлениям медицинской генетики, разрабатывают уникальные методы эффективной диагностики и новые методы лечения наследственных болезней. The Research Centre for Medical Genetics (FSBI RCMG) was established based on the Institute of Medical Genetics (IMG) of the USSR Academy of Medical Science. From the very beginning, the structure of the Institute provided for the research departments that would develop the main research areas of that time: population genetics, clinical genetics, cytogenetics and biochemical genetics. The restructuring of the IMG into the All-Union Research Centre for Medical Genetics led to the most noticeable changes in the Institute structure. Research in all major areas of medical genetics, the development of unique methods for the effective diagnosis and treatment of hereditary diseases are currently being carried out at the Center.

Fifty Years of Medical Genetics

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-581
Keyword(s):  
Medical Literature ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Made In

Many articles are appearing in the medical literature which aim to provide a discussion of the application of genetics to medical science in general terms for the benefit of the clinician without training in genetics. The present lecture is an especially lucid and stimulating account of the elements of genetics and the progress that is being made in the elucidation of diseases by the application of genetics. The manner in which metabolic reactions may be affected, directly or indirectly, by genetically determined enzymic defects is briefly and clearly presented. The interplay between environmental and hereditary factors is considered. Sufficient background is provided to enable one to observe future developments in the application of genetics to medicine with a better understanding and consequently keener interest.

scholarly journals Aquatic plants of the Far East of Russia: a review on their use in medicine, pharmacological activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya V Bolotova
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Plants ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Far East ◽  
Far East Of Russia ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Trapa Natans ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Russian Far East

The review provides information on the medicine application of 30 aquatic plant taxa growing in the Russian Far East, and the prospects for their practical use. A list of aquatic plants on the pharmacotherapeutic action is done. The greatest number of species of aquatic plants has analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, stomach and antidiarrheal, wound-healing properties. It is revealed that the most widely in traditional medicine in Asia and Europe are used Nelumbo nucifera, Trapa natans, representatives of the family Lemnaceae, Nymphaeaceae, genus Potamogeton. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i1.21554 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(1) 2015 p.9-13 

PROBLEMS OF FAMILIES WITH TERMINALLY ILL

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-611
Author(s):  
Tsvetka Boycheva ◽  
Mariya Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Family Member ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Terminally Ill ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
The Family ◽  
Social Difficulties

In recent decades, there has been a growing public interest in palliative care. This is dictated by the ever increasing number of people who need it. With advances in medical science and the development of new technologies, life expectancy has increased, but at the same time, the number of years spent in illness and suffering has increased. Still, death is not defeated, but pain and suffering can be relieved, and the quality of life of the terminally ill and their families can be improved. Palliative care is overwhelming. They target the patient and his family. They meet the psychic, social, spiritual and cultural needs of the patient, provide training and support to relatives. The family is a social institution that ensures the biological and social continuity of the human race. There is a correlation between it and health. Today it is impossible to function and develop properly without providing optimal health to its members. Diseases of a family member adversely affect his or her functions. Reproductive, economic and psycho-emotional function is impaired. A home is a place where one lives fully and most people prefer their care to be done at home. The needs of patients in need of palliative care are specific. Apart from a health problem, they also have spiritual, social and mental needs. The most frequent care of these patients is taken by a relative or a family member. In most cases, they lack the necessary skills, resources and time. This clearly shows that the quality of life of these patients and their families is not guaranteed. The purpose of this study is to find out what influence has the care of terminally ill on his family. The subject of the study is 602 persons, close to terminally ill in 30 medical institutions in the country. Within a six-month period from 01.11.2017 to 30.04.2018. With the help of a direct individual survey, how the care of the terminally ill is reflected in his family was identified. Statistical methods for data processing and analysis were used. Results: The family is experiencing great stress when there is a severely sick patient in it. The lifestyle of the whole family is changing. Negative emotions accumulate and social contacts are disturbed. Economic and social difficulties, lack of time and lack of knowledge and skills are major problems in families with patients in need of palliative care. Respondents want to participate in training for the care of the sick, need professional help and support to ensure a better quality of life for their close and normal family functioning.

Miracle Cures for a Suffering Nation: Sai Baba of Shirdi

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-380
Author(s):  
David Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Hindu Tradition ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
Global Presence ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
Holy Man ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Limited Scope

AbstractSai Baba of Shirdi, who died in 1918, was raised as a Muslim but is today revered as a Hindu saint. One of his most important perceived qualities was his ability to provide miraculous cures for his devotees, and this has continued after his death. I argue here that the emphasis in the Hindu tradition on saintly figures healing the sick is a relatively modern phenomenon. Earlier, though such figures were renowned for their miracles, healing played a very minor part in this. Their miracles were generally designed to worst religious rivals and to enable them to speak truth to power. In the modern era, however, such saintly figures can gain a reputation through healing in a way that is presented as beyond the comprehension of modern medical science. Such people are seen to provide living evidence of the superiority of Indian civilization and its religious beliefs. This move became entangled with nationalist sentiments, so that getting the better of the “English” doctor became a means to reveal the limited scope of Western science and culture. Although this appears to suggest that many Indians have rejected the biopolitics associated with Western modernity (as defined by Foucault), I argue that certain elements of such biopolitics are central to this process, and illustrate this through a study of Sai Baba, a village holy man taken up by the Indian middle classes and made into a pan-Indian figure, with a now global presence.

scholarly journals Cousin Marriage in the Light of Islam and Medical Science

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
dr. muhammad zahid
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Rare Disorders ◽  
Cousin Marriage ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Social Circle ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Cousin marriage is considered to be a cause of viral diseases in the societies where it is in practice. This study focuses on the practice of cousin marriage in the light of islam and medical science. Various holy texts regarding Maharim, non-Maharim and marriage were studied in detail. Analyses of the studies about diseases that are counted with consanguineous marriages were carried out. It was observed that there are a number of rare disorders described in medical science linked with cousin marriages. Islam taking into account this drawback in cousin marriage encourages marriages outside the family. Islam has not forbidden cousin marriages at all. However Islam has encouraged marriage outside the family to widen the social circle. Research in medical science has proved that marriages in the same family are responsible for causing various diseases.

Application de la Génétique à la Pratique Médicale— (La Constitution au point de vue de la Génétique - Le « Chronon »: concept et application au service de la Médecine)

1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
L. Gedda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Background ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Hereditary Disease ◽  
Medical Genetics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clinical Genetics ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYThe old concept of constitution, which has been dominating Medicine until this century, has to be revised in the light of the development of Medical Genetics and of Clinical Genetics, this new branch which is applied at the beside of the single diseased.The study of the family of the patient from a genetic point of view is both possible and precious. The basic principles of the hereditary analysis are recalled, and the Author especially stresses how useful it can be to consider the temporary virtuality of the hereditary unity, which he suggests to call chronon. The study of the chronon of the genes contained in the genetic background of the family enables to visualize many a possibility in the future of the patient, such as the mean age of onset for a hereditary disease, or the steps of extinction in the course of ageing.The therapy of a hereditary disease may be conceived in terms of a substitutive therapy.

Speaking the Unspeakable! Zulu Penthonyms as Oral Strategies to Diffuse Conflict within a Traditional Polygynous Community in kwaMambulu, Kranskop

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangeline Bonisiwe Zungu
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future

The polygynous nature of most marriages in isiZulu-speaking societies, the fact that co-wives do not get along, and the presence of jealousy, envy and fighting in households such as these are underlying major causes of friction within Zulu family units. These feuds become undercurrents of tensions and fracture within the family unit and lead to family members suspecting and accusing each other of practising witchcraft when a family member dies. In such instances, the use of penthonyms is an extremely useful channel of expressing discontent or passing criticism. This article will use data collected from kwaMambulu to assess the extent to which this age-old practice around name bestowal in isiZulu-speaking family structures such as these is still enforced. It argues that despite changes brought by Christianity, Western modernity and recently the post-apartheid period, modalities around name bestowal in a number of isiZulu-speaking communities still persist. The kwaMambulu community continues to reflect the undented epistemologies around name-giving in much of the tradition-based African households. Allegations of the practice of witchcraft and sorcery are always alluded to in this society when death strikes. When the parents suffer the misfortune of losing children, they resort to giving penthonyms. Penthonyms are given to male children because they are believed to be the future of the family. The male children protect the family and when the man of the house dies the male children take over family matters.  

scholarly journals Studies on Food, Health and Environmental Perspectives In Mulberry (Morus Spp.) – A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-179
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
SMS Islam
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
The Family ◽  
Morus Spp ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Temperature Water

Mulberry is a very hard and quickly developing plant belongs to the family of Moraceae. The leaf of mulberry is exclusively utilized for feeding and rising of the silkworm (Bombyx mori) for the production of silk yarn. It is evaluated that mulberry silk contributes around 90% of the total worldwide raw silk production that contributed to socio-economic development worldwide. The usage of mulberry leaves as silkworm feed, it is being utilized for food and medicinal purpose also. For instance, the mulberry fruit because of its high nutritive value and flavorful taste is getting significance as important foodstuff. The mulberry bark and wood are likewise helpful for assembling of paper and sports products things. Mulberry is a quickly developing with profound roots, flourish leaves, high protections from pollution, wind, sand, drought, and salinity with strong adaptability and simple cultivation. The broad environmental adaptability of mulberry to light, temperature, water, soil and other normal conditions objectively empowers it to have numerous environmental defensive capacities in water and soil protection, wind tolerance and sand consolidation, water source preservation, and air refreshment. Since earlier, Ayurveda and other literature have claimed the diverse medicinal properties against certain serious diseases e.g. hypertension, hyperglycemia, cancer, arthritis, diabetes and rheumatis, heart disease, inflammation, fever, cough and throat, stomach related disease, unsteadiness, hepatitis etc. The current studies of different pharmacological compounds of medicinal significance present in mulberry plants opens up new avenues of research in the medical science. Under this study briefly described about economic as well as environmental importance of mulberry taking into account different aspects of its role as animal feed, foodstuff, phytomedicine and remediation of polluted soils and atmosphere, etc. J. Bio-Sci. 29(1): 163-179, 2021 (June)

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