scholarly journals Development of a mathematical model for the process of modernization of a melon cleaning machine

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11 (111)) ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Marzhan Kizatova ◽  
Alibek Baikenov ◽  
Nurzhan Muslimov ◽  
Kadyrbek Baigenzhinov ◽  
Zhazira Yessimova
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
Individual Unit ◽  
Equipment Modernization ◽  
Cleaning Machine ◽  
Cutting Knife ◽  
Production Automation ◽  
Competitive Products

The paper is devoted to the problem of increasing the efficiency of melon processing under limited production automation. Measures for equipment modernization should be carried out in accordance with the operation rules of each individual unit. In production conditions, all equipment, without exception, undergoes this process, while the corresponding documentation is drawn up, confirming the implementation of modernization within a certain time frame. In a competitive market environment, product quality is a causal factor for the sharp increase in risks for food industry enterprises. To produce quality and competitive products, you need equipment that helps to reduce costs. The disadvantages of most melon peeling designs are size instability in the thickness of the rind. The paper presents a solution to this drawback. This was achieved by changing the sharpening angle of the rind cutting knife. Research has been carried out to study the texture properties of “Mirzachulskaya” and “Raduzhnaya” melons. And also experiments on melon peeling based on the planning matrix of mathematical modeling. Based on the experiments, a model of the peeling process was constructed. The key factors to limit peeling waste were optimized. Calculations of the optimized parameters yielded the cutting knife sharpening angle of 40 degrees, a roller gap of 9 mm, as well as an average force applied of 1,375 N∙m. The data obtained can be used as a basis for the modernization of this machine for other melon varieties

scholarly journals Analysis of rail yard and terminal performances

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Marinov ◽  
Leonardo Di Giovanni ◽  
Giulia Bellisai ◽  
Julian Clevermann ◽  
Anastasia Mastellou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Logical Consequence ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Rail Infrastructure ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Junction Points

One of the latest trends in the transport field is the increasing interest for the rejuvenation of the railway. It is considered to be a logical consequence of the gradual switch towards a more sustainable future in transports. Terminals and stations are considered to be the junction points between the various lines that constitute the railway network and can simply be described as points of arrival, departure and interchange of passengers or commodities. The most commonly used indicators that measure the level of their performance are time and cost. This study aims at exploring possible improvements that could be implemented to the infrastructure and the operation of terminals and stations in order to increase the efficiency level. Firstly, drawing upon grounded theory about rail infrastructure and terminals, a description is conducted, followed by a comparative analysis of the different types of existing terminals and stations. Secondly, the suggested improvements are presented in accordance with their time frame completion. The main contribution of this study is to illustrate the high significance of terminals, stations and yards, acknowledging them as crucial parts of the railway network, because as characterized and demonstrated in this study, their performance are key factors to the whole network performance, making the identification of their critical points and respective possible solutions, the final objective of this paper. In addition to this, emphasis is given to the need of improving and developing the existing terminal infrastructure and operations.

scholarly journals Claim study of contractors in Commercial Berth Project in Duqm Port in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Khaleel ◽  
Sultan Mohamed Al Mandhari
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Site Management ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Poor Site ◽  
The Impact

The claim during the implementation of projects is very important for the contractor and the consultant. As for the owner, it is considered expensive and cumbersome,and therefore the project contract must be very clear so that there are no gaps or defects against the owner.The aim of this research is to analyze and study deeply contractor's claim.The objectives of this study are to study the main factors for the contractor's claim to the commercial pier project in the Sultanate of Oman,including eleven factors. The second objective is to study the impact of the contractor's claim on the commercial pier project in the Sultanate of Oman, and it includes five factors, as the questionnaire was distributed to customers and various segments of society.The results of analyzing 16 factors to identify the key factors and the impact of the study of the contractors claim conclude that the main factors affecting the contactor's claim to the pier project.The factors and impacts are valid to the study after conducting analysis on the obtained data. The factors include the development unexpected weather conditions, inconsideration of the time frame, government approval of delays,poor coordination with the project parties, poor site management and supervision,a change in the clients requirements, the lack of experienced staff, incompetence among teams, low items in the bill of products,and misunderstanding the scope of work and specifications.The impacts to the completion of the Berth project include payment delays, delays in the extension of time,issuing variation order,value implementation engineering and cost reduction,and contractor's performance.

scholarly journals Numerical Study of Being Forced Leather Cap Type Pig in Straight Gas Pipeline

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
Liqiong Chen ◽  
Yunyun Li ◽  
Xiaoxiao Chen ◽  
Yilan Zhan ◽  
Meijuan Dang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Average Force ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The research on pipeline pigging technology is significant for the operation and management of pipeline. Domestic and foreign scholars usually research the operation rules of pigging in oil pipeline. There are few studies about gas pipeline pigging running because of running rate. The author established the force calculating model and corresponding numerical methods of leather cap type pig in gas pipeline. The model is based on geometric model of oil pipeline pigging. Combining pigging operation parameters with records in September 2013 and February 2014 at Bei Neihuan, the thesis used mathematical method and finite element software respectively to verify the mathematical model. The mathematical results described the average force of cup. The results indicated that the reason of the breaking of the cup is the force, instead of the cup material, temperament extrinsic reasons, etc. The force is larger than the tensile strength of the cup. The results of ANSYS finite element software simulation described the force of different parts of the cup. It is found that the force exceeding of the cup anti-pull force strength in the upper and lower sides of the cup is larger. Both results showed that using the mathematical model can quickly calculate cup pigging force conditions and determine the cause of damage to the cup. It can improve the efficiency of pigging.

scholarly journals Can Managed Aquifer Recharge Overcome Multiple Droughts?

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2278
Author(s):  
Mengqi Zhao ◽  
Jan Boll ◽  
Jennifer C. Adam ◽  
Allyson Beall King
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Managed Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Operation Rules ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Water Provision

Frequent droughts, seasonal precipitation, and growing agricultural water demand in the Yakima River Basin (YRB), located in Washington State, increase the challenges of optimizing water provision for agricultural producers. Increasing water storage through managed aquifer recharge (MAR) can potentially relief water stress from single and multi-year droughts. In this study, we developed an aggregated water resources management tool using a System Dynamics (SD) framework for the YRB and evaluated the MAR implementation strategy and the effectiveness of MAR in alleviating drought impacts on irrigation reliability. The SD model allocates available water resources to meet instream target flows, hydropower demands, and irrigation demand, based on system operation rules, irrigation scheduling, water rights, and MAR adoption. Our findings suggest that the adopted infiltration area for MAR is one of the main factors that determines the amount of water withdrawn and infiltrated to the groundwater system. The implementation time frame is also critical in accumulating MAR entitlements for single-year and multi-year droughts mitigation. In addition, adoption behaviors drive a positive feedback that MAR effectiveness on drought mitigation will encourage more MAR adoptions in the long run. MAR serves as a promising option for water storage management and a long-term strategy for MAR implementation can improve system resilience to unexpected droughts.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis on broiler-associated Clostridium perfringens strains and caecal microbiome profiling reveals key factors linked to poultry Necrotic Enteritis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Kiu ◽  
Joseph Brown ◽  
Harley Bedwell ◽  
Charlotte Leclaire ◽  
Shabhonam Caim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing

AbstractBackgroundClostridium perfringens is a key pathogen in poultry-associated necrotic enteritis (NE). To date there are limited Whole Genome Sequencing based studies describing broiler-associated C. perfringens in healthy and diseased birds. Moreover, changes in the caecal microbiome during NE is currently not well characterised. Thus, the aim of this present study was to investigate C. perfringens virulence factors linked to health and diseased chickens, including identifying caecal microbiota signatures associated with NE.ResultsWe analysed 88 broiler chicken C. perfringens genomes (representing 66 publicly available genomes and 22 newly sequenced genomes) using different phylogenomics approaches and identified a potential hypervirulent and globally-distributed clone spanning 20-year time-frame (1993-2013). These isolates harbored a greater number of virulence genes (including toxin and collagen adhesin genes) when compared to other isolates. Further genomic analysis indicated exclusive and overabundant presence of important NE-linked toxin genes including netB and tpeL in NE-associated broiler isolates. Secondary virulence genes including pfoA, cpb2, and collagen adhesin genes cna, cnaA and cnaD were also enriched in the NE-linked C. perfringens genomes. Moreover, an environmental isolate obtained from farm animal feeds was found to encode netB, suggesting potential reservoirs of NetB-positive C. perfringens strains (toxinotype G). We also analysed caecal samples from a sub-set of 11 diseased and healthy broilers using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, which indicated a significant and positive correlation in genus Clostridium within the wider microbiota of those broilers diagnosed with NE, alongside reductions in beneficial microbiota members.ConclusionsThese data indicate a positive association of virulence genes including netB, pfoA, cpb2, tpeL and cna variants linked to NE-linked isolates. Potential global dissemination of specific hypervirulent lineage, coupled with distinctive microbiome profiles, highlights the need for further investigations, which will require a large worldwide sample collection from healthy and NE-associated birds.

scholarly journals Economic Factors of Vacuum Rail’s Competitiveness in Poland Compared to Alternative Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Białas ◽  
Joanna Duda ◽  
Anna Surowiec
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Of Travel ◽  
Alternative Solutions

Abstract A comparative analysis of factors of vacuum rail’s competitiveness in Poland relative to other means of transport is presented. Only such determinants of competitiveness as price and time of travel are focussed on and compared with alternative solutions on selected routes. Impact of price changes on effectiveness of vacuum rail construction is additionally analysed. Investment effectiveness in the case of vacuum rail is considered in the long time-frame, given the time of infrastructure depreciation and of due return on sources of committed financing. The analysis helps to identify key factors which may decide competitive advantage of vacuum rail in Poland over other means of transport.

Evolution of the Central Actors in the Governance Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-162
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Foreign Relations ◽  
National Level ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Political Incentives ◽  
Governance Network ◽  
United Nations System ◽  
Nations System

Chapter 5 takes a closer look at three of the most important sets of actors involved at a national level in defining the agenda for migrant integration in Ecuador: the Ecuadorian state (especially the Ministry of Foreign Relations and Plan Ecuador), the United Nations system (especially UNHCR and UNDP) in Ecuador, and the Catholic Church. By tracing the institutional development and interaction of these three sets of organizations, the chapter seeks to understand how the differing political incentives and institutional missions and structures of each component of the migration governance network have impeded or promoted human security and peacebuilding. The chapter identifies trust, mission, capacity, and transnational linkages as key factors influencing outcomes. Recognizing the importance of change over time, the chapter traces three distinct phases within the time frame of 2000–2017: Absence, Coordination, and Regression.

scholarly journals Smart and Age-Friendly Cities in Romania: An Overview of Public Policy and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana Ivan ◽  
Dorin Beu ◽  
Joost van Hoof
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
National Level ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Policy And Practice

The role of smart cities in order to improve older people’s quality of life, sustainability and opportunities, accessibility, mobility, and connectivity is increasing and acknowledged in public policy and private sector strategies in countries all over the world. Smart cities are one of the technological-driven initiatives that may help create an age-friendly city. Few research studies have analysed emerging countries in terms of their national strategies on smart or age-friendly cities. In this study, Romania which is predicted to become one of the most ageing countries in the European Union is used as a case study. Through document analysis, current initiatives at the local, regional, and national level addressing the issue of smart and age-friendly cities in Romania are investigated. In addition, a case study is presented to indicate possible ways of the smart cities initiatives to target and involve older adults. The role of different stakeholders is analysed in terms of whether initiatives are fragmentary or sustainable over time, and the importance of some key factors, such as private–public partnerships and transnational bodies. The results are discussed revealing the particularities of the smart cities initiatives in Romania in the time frame 2012–2020, which to date, have limited connection to the age-friendly cities agenda. Based on the findings, a set of recommendations are formulated to move the agenda forward.

scholarly journals Genomic analysis on broiler-associated Clostridium perfringens strains and exploratory caecal microbiome investigation reveals key factors linked to poultry necrotic enteritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Kiu ◽  
Joseph Brown ◽  
Harley Bedwell ◽  
Charlotte Leclaire ◽  
Shabhonam Caim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Genomic Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
16S Rrna Amplicon Sequencing

Abstract Background Clostridium perfringens is a key pathogen in poultry-associated necrotic enteritis (NE). To date there are limited Whole Genome Sequencing based studies describing broiler-associated C. perfringens in healthy and diseased birds. Moreover, changes in the caecal microbiome during NE is currently not well characterised. Thus, the aim of this present study was to investigate C. perfringens virulence factors linked to health and diseased chickens, including identifying putative caecal microbiota signatures associated with NE. Results We analysed 88 broiler chicken C. perfringens genomes (representing 66 publicly available genomes and 22 newly sequenced genomes) using different phylogenomics approaches and identified a potential hypervirulent and globally-distributed clone spanning 20-year time-frame (1993–2013). These isolates harbored a greater number of virulence genes (including toxin and collagen adhesin genes) when compared to other isolates. Further genomic analysis indicated exclusive and overabundant presence of important NE-linked toxin genes including netB and tpeL in NE-associated broiler isolates. Secondary virulence genes including pfoA, cpb2, and collagen adhesin genes cna, cnaA and cnaD were also enriched in the NE-linked C. perfringens genomes. Moreover, an environmental isolate obtained from farm animal feeds was found to encode netB, suggesting potential reservoirs of NetB-positive C. perfringens strains (toxinotype G). We also analysed caecal samples from a small sub-set of 11 diseased and healthy broilers for exploratory microbiome investigation using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, which indicated a significant and positive correlation in genus Clostridium within the wider microbiota of those broilers diagnosed with NE, alongside reductions in beneficial microbiota members. Conclusions These data indicate a positive association of virulence genes including netB, pfoA, cpb2, tpeL and cna variants linked to NE-linked isolates. Potential global dissemination of specific hypervirulent lineage, coupled with distinctive microbiome profiles, highlights the need for further investigations, which will require a large worldwide sample collection from healthy and NE-associated birds.

scholarly journals Social Elements of Agri-Expo Strategies Because of Momentary Fluctuation in Key Family and Network Prosperity Measures in Bangladesh and Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Sarmad Rahat ◽  
Talaat Munir ◽  
Amir Abbas Kazi
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Family Unit ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
High Return ◽  
General Advantage ◽  
Information Accumulation

High-return social information accumulation can encourage improved review, progressively comprehensive detailing, and improved inconstancy catch over a period. In spite of the fact that there are instances of little investigations that catch explicit high recurrence factors in the sociology writing, there is so far no noteworthy exertion to gather a wide scope of high recurrence factors. We tried our first such endeavors with a deliberately fluctuating cell phone-based information accumulation approach the return of the investigation task and the update time frame, which enables one to dissect the general advantage of high recurrence information gathering for different key factors in family unit overviews. This overview of 482 ranchers from northwesterly Bangladesh for roughly 1 year of persistent information on key examination for family unit and network prosperity can be especially valuable in planning and assessing improvement intercessions and strategies. While the information talked about here give a concise review of what is conceivable, we likewise stress their capacity to give interdisciplinary research in family unit agribusiness, rehearses, regular yearning, and so forth., in a low-salary rural society.

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