scholarly journals Development of conceptual model of project value dynamics analysis in conditions of uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (13(112)) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Olexander Bugrov ◽  
Olena Bugrova
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact

A conceptual model for analyzing the dynamics of the value of the project, achieved as a result of engineering, under conditions of uncertainty has been developed. In the methodological context, the proposed approach is based on an array of isovalues, each of which corresponds to its own level of optimism in forecasting the cash flow for the project. With the increase in the efficiency of the project due to engineering, the entire array of iso-value lines’ changes its geometrical position, moving further from the origin (in the four-dimensional space "time-benefit-cost-risk"). The proposed model includes three stages. At the first stage, input information is collected and the corresponding analysis is initiated. The result of the second stage is a multivariate cash flow forecast and calculation of the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and its changes for each scenario. The third stage provides the calculation of the expected BCR and its change, an assessment of the risk of making an erroneous decision and changing this risk as a result of the engineering session. The model makes it possible to calculate the achieved proportion of the static and dynamic vectors of change in the value of the project, which is one of the key manifestations of the scientific novelty of the work. In the example considered, the share of the dynamic vector of growth in the value of the project was found to be 35.47 %. The model has an environmental property - the assessment of the success of value engineering under conditions of uncertainty is carried out on the basis of the annual total benefits and the annual total costs throughout the project cycle. Thus, the analysis takes into account the impact of the project on the environment, which is reflected in the risk assessment. The given case testifies to the feasibility of applying the model in the practice of engineering the value of construction projects.

Preliminary Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) for Safety Assist Technologies in ASEAN NCAP – Rationalizing the Impact to Road Safety for Malaysia’s Case

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 596-603
Author(s):  
Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi ◽  
Aqbal Hafeez Ariffin ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad ◽  
Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim ◽  
Norlen Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rating Scheme

The newly established New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) has incorporated Safety Assist Technologies (SATs) in its automobile safety rating scheme. In order for any assessed car to be eligible for the maximum 5-star rating, it should first be equipped with Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and fitted with seatbelt reminder (SBR). However, since these SATs are not being evaluated in their performance by the means of field testing, this paper explains the benefit of having these SATs through Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) which help to rationalize the importance of SATs in preventing road accidents or mitigating severity of injuries. Due to data limitation, this preliminary CBA assessment will only be focusing on Malaysia’s situation and is based on published sources and the authors’ best estimates. This study also includes the Cost-Benefit Analysis on Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), which is the basis for ESC technology, in preparation for its inclusion in the future rating scheme to expedite the vision of making ABS as standard fit in all ASEAN’s passenger cars. The preliminary result shows that all technologies – ESC, SBR and ABS – appear to be cost-effective (benefit/cost-ratio > 3) or most likely cost effective (1 < benefit/cost-ratio < 3) in Malaysia’s road safety situation per se.

scholarly journals Bio-rational Management of Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera L.) in Chickpea Crop

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Jat ◽  
Nidhi . ◽  
Gopichand Singh ◽  
Pushpa Kumawat
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Pheromone Trap ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Rational Management ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact

On Farm Testing of Pheromone trap @ 5/ha + Coriander row (7/8:1) + HaNPV @ 250 LE/ha against pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera L.) management was assessed on farmers field in Nagaur district during 2020-21. Trial was conducted on 10 farmer’s field to know the impact of said technology on chickpea pod borer management. In the demonstrated technologies the chickpea seed production 19.83 q/ha. The percent seed yield increase over the farmer’s practices was 34.11%. The net return in demonstration technology was ` 67036/ha and the same was ` 44525/ha. The incremental benefit cost ratio was 3.26 in demonstration technology as compared to farmer’s/ local check 2.60 respectively.

STUDI INVESTASI PENGEMBANGAN PERUMAHAN DI MALANG

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Fadjar Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Benefit Cost

Semakin meningkatnya penduduk Kota Malang merupakan peluang besar bagi developer untuk mengembangkan usahanya di bidang perumahan. Namun sebelum menanamkan modalnya untuk berinvestasi apalagi dalam jumlah besar seharusnya developer melakukan studi kelayakan apakah investasi tersebut menguntungkan atau tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan finansial dalam investasi pengembangan perumahan, serta mengetahui tingkat sensitivitas perubahan suku bunga dan biaya langsung.Data penelitian yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yaitu gambar perencanaan, harga satuan pekerjaan dari developer, biaya pajak, biaya perijinan, UKL/UPL/AMDAL, biaya pengukuran tanah, biaya operasional, biaya promosi, periode investasi, dan lain-lain. Pengolahan data secara deskriptif untuk menentukan cash flow proyek. Berdasarkan cash flow yang didapat selanjutnya dilakukan analisis kelayakan finansial menggunakan parameter PP, NPV, IRR, dan BCR. Dan selanjutnya dilakukan analisis sensitivitas tingkat kelayakan terhadap perubahan suku bunga dan biaya pengeluaran.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa investasi pengembangan suatu perumahan di Malang pada suku bunga 12,79% layak secara finansial karena nilai  parameter pay back periode (PP) terjadi pada tahun ke-7, nilai net present value (NPV) sebesar Rp 34.130.813.565-, nilai benefit cost ratio (BCR) sebesar Rp 1,14, nilai internal rate of return (IRR) sebesar 16,67%. Perubahan suku bunga dan perubahan biaya pengeluaran cukup sensitive terhadap kelayakan finansial dalan investasi ini. Kata-kata kunci: finansial, investasi, kelayakan, pengembanganperumahan

scholarly journals Analisis Investasi pada Pembangunan Perumahan Nuansa Beringin

JURNAL TEKNIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
Hari Yanto ◽  
Zainuri ◽  
Winayati
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Internal Rate ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Benefit Cost

Pemilihan perumahan Nuansa Beringin di jln. Paying Sekaki ini sebagai objek penelitian karena pengembang belum melakukan analisis investasi ekonomi teknik pada pembangunan perumahan tersebut, sedangkan usaha pembangunan perumahan merupakan suatu proyek yang memerlukan biaya awal besar (arus kas keluar) dan waktu yang lama, sedangkan penghasilan baru diperoleh pada tahap penjualan (arus kas masuk) yang terjadi pada periode yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu diperlukan perhitungan yang dapat memberi gambaran terhadap biaya dan manfaat pada konsep aliran dana, yang timbul akibat kondisi ketidakpastian yang dimaksud terutama ditinjau pada aspek ekonomi yang timbul pada masa yang akan datang. Hasil analisis ini tentunya bisa dipakai untuk mendapatkan keputusan yang layak dalam berinvestasi dengan mengurangi kerugian dimasa yang akan datang, baik itu kreditor atau debitor.Mengacu pada latar belakang maka penulisan tugas akhir ini membahas tentang studi kelayakan ekonomi teknik pembangunan perumahan Nuansa Beringin II sebanyak 150 unit dengan harga jual Rp 130.000.000 per unit menggunkan metode discounted cash flow (DCF) dengan indicator Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit cost Ratio (BCR), Internal Rate of Retrun (IRR) dan Break Even Point (BEP).Dari hasil analisis ekonomi teknik bahwa investasi yang dilakukan pada perumahan ini maka didapat hasil Net Present Value (NPV) bernilai positif. Untuk perhitungan Benefit cost Ratio (BCR) pada bulan ke-15 didapat nilai >1, sedangkan hasil Break Even Point (BEP) didapat pada bulan ke- 14-15 dan dari hasil perhitungan Internal Rate of Retrun (IRR) didapat 32,5221% tingkat suku bunga aman. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa berdasarkan landasan teori perumahan ini layak telah memenuhi indikator diatas dan layak melakukan investasi.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PEDAGANG MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN (STUDI KASUS WARUNG SEMBAKO PAK RAHMAD DI DEPOK)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Arif Muhammad Arif
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Quantitative Analysis Method ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Financial Aspect

This study aims to find out more about the management of the basic food stall business so that it can compete with other basic food stalls. The method used in this research is a qualitative and quantitative analysis method. Qualitative analysis is used to determine the management process using management functions (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling), and quantitative analysis using the calculation of Cash Flow, Break Even Point (BEP), Payback Period, and B/C Ratio (Benefit Cost Ratio). ). From the results of the calculation of the financial aspect, it can be seen that the profit of Mr. Rahmad's food stall business using cash flow calculations is Rp. 7,670,000 per month, while the payback period is 4 months, the return on investment is acceptable. The calculation of the unit BEP is 143.36 kg. Meanwhile, the rupiah unit BEP is Rp. 3,442,959. According to the calculation of the Benefit Cash Ratio of 18.4 > 1, Pak Rahmad's basic food stall is feasible.

scholarly journals Influence of Intercrops on Cropping, Quality and Relative Economic Yield of Sweet Cherry cv. Bigarreau Noir Grossa (Misri)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Rifat Bhat ◽  
Sharbat Hussain ◽  
Muzaffara Akhter ◽  
F. A. Banday ◽  
M. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
High Level ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cherry Trees

<p>An experiment was conducted to assess the impact of different intercrops like maize, pea, strawberry, cabbage, red clover, french bean, oats and maize on cropping, quality and relative economic yield of cherry cv. Misri under Kashmir conditions. The results obtained revealed significant improvement in cherry trees intercropped with leguminous crops like pea, red clover and french bean than clean cultivation and heavy feeder crops (requiring high level of soil nutrients) like strawberry, cabbage, oats and maize. Highest per cent fruit set, fruit maturity, fruit yield and fruit physico-chemical characteristics were recorded maximum in cherry trees with leguminous type of crops. The impact of intercrops on relative economic yield of cherry (system equivalent yield) revealed that the cherry plants intercropped with pea had better benefit: cost ratio (1.71) followed by cabbage (1.41), red clover (1.40) and French bean (1.39) than clean cultivation (1.34).</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of the Profitability of an Apartment Building Complex Using a Stochastic Cash-Flow

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Nazim Noueihed ◽  
Fadi Asrawi ◽  
Najoie Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Construction Period ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Annual Discount Rate ◽  
Present Worth ◽  
Benefit Cost

The economic feasibility of apartment building complexes is mainly done by using one of the economic analysis methods: present worth, future worth, annual worth, rate of return, or benefit-cost ratio. The cash-flow used is based on the assumption that a certain fraction of the apartments will be sold during the construction period, and the rest equally sold annually over a certain period of time. This model may work sometimes, but its estimated profitability is inaccurate. The actual cash-flow to be used is stochastic. In this paper, we shall use a cash-flow with random separation time between successive sales of apartments after the construction period. We shall find a compact form of the expected present worth, and determine a range for the annual discount rate so that the project is profitable.

scholarly journals ​Development of Watershed Programme for Environment and Agriculture Sustainability in SAT Region, Central India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.N. Singh ◽  
B.S. Rajawat ◽  
A. Dahate ◽  
Liansangpuii .
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Central India ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

Background: Study has been undertaken in SAT (Semi-arid tropics) region located between 23o 8'- 26o 30' latitude and 78o11'- 81o30' longitude with an altitude varying from 230 to 280 m above mean sea level (MSL), Central India for assessing the impact after interventions of natural resource management (NRM) under watershed development programme. Agricultural productivity of Semi-arid tropics oscillates between 0.5 and 2.0 ton ha-1 with an average of one ton per ha (Rockstrom et al., 2010; Wani et al., 2011a, 2011b). The main objectives of this study are to establish agroforestry based crop cultivation which provides nutritional food as well as transform the mankind’s living status and also supports the doubling farmer’s income goal without associated ecological harm. Methods: To evaluate the economic feasibility and crop productivity along with agroforestry was worked out on the basis of survey and sampling. To get uniform samples of crops from cultivated fields some specific area selected (1 m x 1 m size) and get about 80 crop samples for measurements from whole watershed. All data has been collected through survey of 40% households of watershed and then all these data subjected to statistical analysis in the laboratory. To minimize the problem and rejuvenate the water body, water resource development plan helps in identify the available sources so that appropriate and effective with durable solutions can be formulated. The net return of crop cultivated was calculated by subtracting the cost of cultivation incurred from sowing to harvesting, for each crop from the gross return and then benefit-cost ratio was estimated for further improvement or scaled up and livelihood security of former. Result: The study has revealed that after watershed interventions and agroforestry based Crop cultivation, water level increased 2-6 m, crop production increased by 45-47%, cropping intensity increased 97-98% from 44-46% and migration decreased by 70-72%. During both season, the expenses on irrigation and labour will decrease, crop productivity will improve and benefit-cost ratio increased. Nutrition based food production provided the base for food security as it is a key determination of food availability.

scholarly journals Profitability analysis of mango cultivation and its impact on farmer’s livelihood in some areas of Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
MS Rahman ◽  
M Khatun ◽  
MA Monayem Miah
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Financial Profitability

The study was carried out to investigate profitability of mango farming and to assess the impact of BARI Aam-3 mango variety production on the farmer’s livelihood in four mango growing districts namely Khagrachori, Bandorban, Naogaon, and Satkhira of Bangladesh during February to March, 2018. A total of 128 BARI Aam-3 growers were selected using multi-stage random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics and financial profitability analysis was used to analyze data. The net return for one hectare of mango orchard was Tk. 730233 for 6-7 years of BARI Aam-3 mango orchard. Net present value was estimated to Tk. 444397 for BARI Aam-3 which indicates that mango cultivation fetches higher returns. The estimated benefit cost ratio was 2.01 for BARI Aam-3 which ensures that investment in BARI Aam-3 is feasible for the mango farmers. The BARI Aam-3 mango cultivation was also found to be a profitable enterprise since internal rate of return was very high (83.075%). The results also reveal that human capital increased by 54.34%, 68% and 60.54%; physical capital increased by 48.17%, 58% and 50% as well as social capital increased by 28.50%, 43% and 45.95% of the small, medium and large farmers respectively due to cultivation of BARI Aam-3 mango variety. Therefore, it is highly recommended to spread the information of BARI Aam-3 cultivation as a profitable enterprise among the mango growers throughout the country. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 139-152, March 2019

scholarly journals Impact of Improved Chickpea Cultivation on Profitability and Livelihood of Farmers in Drought-Prone Areas of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
SC Sharna ◽  
M Kamruzzaman ◽  
ST Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
International Development ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
The Impact

The cultivation of improved chickpea varieties has been increasing over time that kicks off the local varieties from the farmer’s field. Up-to-date socio-economic information regarding this issue is scanty in Bangladesh. That is why we analyze the profitability of improved chickpea variety and assess the impact of its cultivation on the livelihood of chickpea farmers in the high Barind region of Bangladesh. The values of benefit-cost ratio depict that the improved variety is more profitable in comparison to local chickpea variety; specifically, the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of improved chickpea production is 1.87, while it is only 1.66 for local chickpea. To understand the wellbeing of chickpea farmers, the multidimensional livelihood index (MLI) following sustainable livelihood framework of the Department for International Development (DFID) is used, which constitutes the asset pentagon of five capitals namely human, physical, natural, financial and social capital. The MLI of improved and local chickpea growers are 0.51 and 0.39 respectively which belong in the middle livelihood category. Meanwhile, the MLI reflects that the improved variety cultivars are in a better livelihood condition than the local variety growers. Among all the five capitals of the MLI, the difference between these two groups is the largest in the case of social capital followed by financial capital. Since both groups have achieved far less MLI values than 1, the recommendation is therefore to ensure different types of facilities for the development of people of high Barind tract as well as increasing the production of improved chickpea. SAARC J. Agri., 18(1): 129-142 (2020)

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