Calculating the aerodynamics of vertical axis wind turbines

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Thi Bich Ngoc
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Velocity Triangle ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Vertical axis wind turbine technology has been applied last years, very long after horizontal axis wind turbine technology. Aerodynamic problems of vertical axis wind machines are discussible. An important problem is the determination of the incidence law in the interaction between wind and rotor blades. The focus of the work is to establish equations of the incidence depending on the blade azimuth, and to solve them. From these results, aerodynamic torques and power can be calculated. The incidence angle is a parameter of velocity triangle, and both the factors depend not only on the blade azimuth but also on the ratio of rotational speed and horizontal speed. The built computational program allows theoretically selecting the relationship of geometric parameters of wind turbine in accordance with requirements on power, wind speed and installation conditions.

A Way to Enhance the Efficiency of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

2019 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 410-417
Author(s):  
Quang The Phan ◽  
Thị Thu Hà Phan ◽  
Ahmed Sherif El-Gizawy ◽  
Thị Hồng Mai Phan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Force Analysis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
New Model ◽  
Low Efficiency

Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) can perform better than Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) because VAWTs are relatively simple, quiet, and easy to install. It can take wind from any directions, and operate efficiently in urban areas where turbulent wind conditions usually happen. The weakest point for its configuration, however, is its low efficiency so more intensive research is required.Actual VAWT performance can be predicted based on a determination of the forces acting on blades that produce the turbine’s torque. Thus, this paper proposed a new model of force analysis for calculation of VAWT’s performance and a way to enhance the efficiency of VAWT through proper variations of the pitch angles. Additionally, in order to increase the efficiency of the VAWT for a given tip speed ratio, the solidity in term of blade’s number can be adjusted.Results show that right changes in the value of pitch angles and proper selection of the number of blades can considerably increase the efficiency of the turbine and reduce amplitude of turbine’s torque variation. The new model of force analysis can be helpful for aerodynamic analysis of the VAWT turbine for its better design.

Power Experimental Optimization of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-443
Author(s):  
Sadek Ameziane ◽  
Abdesselem Chikhi ◽  
Mohammed Salah Aggouner
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Spatial Filter ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Continuous Current ◽  
Mechanical Sensors

Background: The presented article is a contribution to the realization of a wind emulator based on a continuous-current machine. The development of this topic focuses on the modeling of a vertical axis wind turbine, a DC motor with independent excitation and its control via a chopper. Methods: To carry out this work, we have studied and designed the electronic and mechanical sensors as well as a command implemented on the dSPACE DS1103 system. Results: The main purpose of this work is related, on one hand, to the control of the motor turbine by imposing the wind profile and on the other hand generate the command of the implanted MPPT. The experimental results obtained showed the great performances which characterize this improved wind energy system. Conclusion: Finally, a wind turbine with variable speed is a system having a complex model; however, a detailed model of the interaction between the wind and the aero-turbine is useful to understand certain phenomena such as rotational sampling or the spatial filter.

Aerodynamic Analysis for Camber Effect in Vertical Wind Turbine System

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwook Kim ◽  
Dohyung Lee ◽  
Junhee Han ◽  
Sangwoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Aerodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine System ◽  
Physical Features ◽  
The Ideal

The Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) has advantages over Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) that it allows less chance to be degraded independent of wind direction and turbine can be operated even at the low wind speed. The objective of this study is to analyze aerodynamics of the VAWT airfoil and investigate the ideal shape of airfoil, more specifically cambers. The analysis of aerodynamic characteristics with various cambers has been performed using numerical simulation with CFD software. As the numerical simulation discloses local physical features around wind turbine, aerodynamic performance such as lift, drag and torque are computed for single airfoil rotation and multiple airfoil rotation cases. Through this study more effective airfoil shape is suggested based vortex-airfoil interaction studies.

scholarly journals Comparison of horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.13) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhd Khudri Johari ◽  
Muhammad Azim A Jalil ◽  
Mohammad Faizal Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
And Performance

As the demand for green technology is rising rapidly worldwide, it is important that Malaysian researchers take advantage of Malaysia’s windy climates and areas to initiate more power generation projects using wind. The main objectives of this study are to build a functional wind turbine and to compare the performance of two types of design for wind turbine under different speeds and behaviours of the wind. A three-blade horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and a Darrieus-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) have been designed with CATIA software and constructed using a 3D-printing method. Both wind turbines have undergone series of tests before the voltage and current output from the wind turbines are collected. The result of the test is used to compare the performance of both wind turbines that will imply which design has the best efficiency and performance for Malaysia’s tropical climate. While HAWT can generate higher voltage (up to 8.99 V at one point), it decreases back to 0 V when the wind angle changes. VAWT, however, can generate lower voltage (1.4 V) but changes in the wind angle does not affect its voltage output at all. The analysis has proven that VAWT is significantly more efficient to be built and utilized for Malaysia’s tropical and windy climates. This is also an initiative project to gauge the possibility of building wind turbines, which could be built on the extensive and windy areas surrounding Malaysian airports.  

Vortex Sheet Analysis of the Giromill

1978 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Vortex Sheet ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Force ◽  
Force Coefficient ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

A two-dimensional analysis of the performance and flowfield of the Giromill is presented. The Giromill is a vertical-axis wind turbine with straight blades that are articulated to produce maximum energy extraction from the wind. It is found that the power coefficient and windwise force coefficient for the Giromill have the same limit as obtained for the horizontal-axis wind turbine. A cross-wind force is also obtained with this type of wind turbine. The cross-wind force is of second order and decreases with tip speed. Streamlines and velocity profiles are illustrated for several loading conditions.

Development of a high-efficiency and long-life 500W class H-Darrieus-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) system using skin-spar-foam sandwich composite structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-394
Author(s):  
Changduk Kong ◽  
Haseung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Structural Test ◽  
The City

AbstractSince the focus on the energy crisis and environmental issues due to excessive fossil fuel consumption, wind power has been considered as an important renewable energy source. Recently, several megawatt-class large-scale wind turbine systems have been developed in some countries. Even though the large-scale wind turbine can effectively produce electrical power, the small-scale wind turbine has been continuously developed due to some advantages; for instance, it can be easily built at a low cost without any limitation of location, i.e., even in the city. In case of small-scale wind turbines, the vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) is used in the city despite having a lower efficiency than the horizontal axis wind turbine. Furthermore, most small-scale wind turbine systems have been designed at the rated wind speed of around 12 m/s. This aim of this work is to design a high-efficiency 500W class composite VAWT blade that is applicable to relatively low-speed regions. With regard to the aerodynamic design of the blade, parametric studies are carried out to decide an optimal aerodynamic configuration. The aerodynamic efficiency and performance of the designed VAWT is confirmed by computational fluid dynamics analysis. The structural design is performed by the load case study, initial sizing using the netting rule and the rule of mixture, structural analysis using finite element method (FEM), fatigue life estimation and structural test. The prototype blade is manufactured by hand lay-up and the matched die molding. The experimental structural test results are compared with the FEM analysis results. Finally, to evaluate the prototype VAWT including designed blades, the performance test is performed using a truck to simulate various ranges of wind speeds and some measuring equipment. According to the performance evaluation result, the estimated performance agrees well with the experimental test results in all operating ranges.

scholarly journals Modelo Teórico de los Sistemas de Aerogeneración Eléctrica para las Turbinas Eólicas de Eje Vertical

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Levitation System

Modelo Teórico de los Sistemas de Aerogeneración Eléctrica para las Turbinas Eólicas de Eje Vertical Theoretical Model of Electric Aerogeneration Systems for Vertical Axis Wind Turbines Anthony Pinedo, Guillermo Ramírez, Lincoln Chiguala, Juan Estrada, David Asmat, Renny Nazario, Daniel Delfín, Lourdes Noriega, Silvia Aguilar, Randy Rosas, Luisa Juárez DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2009.0027/ RESUMEN Existen dos tipos de sistemas de aerogeneración eléctrica por turbinas eólicas, los llamados de eje horizontal (HAWT) y los de eje vertical (VAWT). Ambos proponen ventajas y desventajas, dependiendo de muchos factores. Pero en general, no fue hasta hace unos años que el segundo tipo había sido ignorado, debido a la poca potencia que producía en comparación con los HAWT. Pero con la adaptación de un sistema de levitación, y un nuevo sistema de inducción magnética, las VAWT, lograron incrementar notablemente la energía obtenida, llegando incluso a superar a los HAWT. A pesar que los modelos VAWT han sido harto estudiados en cuanto al esquema experimental y de diseño, no se formuló ninguna explicación sólida, partiendo de principios básicos, sobre el funcionamiento de los VAWT. En este trabajo, se propone un modelo teórico del funcionamiento de los mismos. Para ello, se realizan tres estudios: la interacción del viento con las aspas del aerogenerador, el sistema de levitación magnética y la producción de energía eléctrica por inducción magnética. Estos tres fenómenos, permiten definir y predecir el funcionamiento de tal sistema de aerogeneración. Además, permite «visualizar» la influencia de los diferentes parámetros sobre la eficiencia del sistema, y así pues, poder manejar, los parámetros que controlamos experimentalmente, para obtener una eficiencia óptima. Palabras clave: aerogeneración eléctrica, turbinas de aire, eje vertical, levitación magnética. ABSTRACT There are two types of systems of electric aerogeneration by using wind turbines, one is called horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and the other one is called vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT). Both of them have advantages and disadvantages depending on many factors. Since the second one had produced lees power than the first one, they were ignored. However, the adaptation of a levitation system and a new system of magnetic induction made VAWT increase the power produced and exceed the HAWT. Although VAWT models were studied enough in the design and experimental scheme, there is no solid explanation, based on basic principles, on the operation of the VAWT. In this paper is proposed a theoretical model of VAWT operation. Therefore, three studies are done: the interaction between wind and blades of the turbine, the magnetic levitation system and the energy production by magnetic induction. Those studies make us able to know and predict the operation of those systems. Since, we shall know how many factors are affecting the efficiency of the system; we shall be able to control those parameters in order to get the best efficiency. Keywords: electric aerogeneration, vertical axis wind turbine, magnetic levitation.

scholarly journals Design and Simulation of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Naca 0021 Rotor Angle

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dieniar N Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Rotor Blades ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Wind Potential ◽  
Wind Turbine Rotor

Much human energy needs are obtained from fossil fuels. This fossil energy is decreasing day by day. So that the utilization of natural energy such as solar energy, water energy and wind energy is being developed. Wind energy is energy that we can find, so it is very easy to use by using a turbine as the driving force. The vertical axis wind turbine is a type of wind turbine that is easier to apply in places where wind potential is not too large. This research was conducted by means of simulation using Qblade v0.963 software by comparing the influence generated from several numbers of wind turbine rotor blades. From the simulation process, it is known that the wind turbine rotor blades with 4 blades are the wind turbines capable of producing the greatest power, which is 75 Watts at a low TSR. So that in the manufacturing process it does not require large costs, but it still has to be built rigid and solidly.

Variable pitch control for vertical-axis wind turbines

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Horb ◽  
R Fuchs ◽  
A Immas ◽  
F Silvert ◽  
P Deglaire
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Variable Pitch ◽  
Pitch Control

NENUPHAR aims at developing the next generation of large-scale floating offshore vertical-axis wind turbine. To challenge the horizontal-axis wind turbine, the variable blade pitch control appears to be a promising solution. This article focuses on blade pitch law optimization and resulting power and thrust gain depending on the operational conditions. The aerodynamics resulting from the implementation of a variable blade pitch control are studied through numerical simulations, either with a three-dimensional vortex code or with two-dimensional Navier-stokes simulations (two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics). Results showed that the three-dimensional vortex code used as quasi-two-dimensional succeeded to give aerodynamic loads in very good agreement with two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation results. The three-dimensional-vortex code was then used in three-dimensional configuration, highlighting that the variable pitch can enhance the vertical-axis wind turbine power coefficient ( Cp) by more than 15% in maximum power point tracking mode and decrease it by more than 75% in power limitation mode while keeping the thrust below its rated value.

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