scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF PROPERTIES AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN ORDER TO PROPOSAL OF WASTE-TO-ENERGY PROJECT IN BINH DUONG PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2A) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Phung Chi Vy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Inorganic Components

Domestic solid wastes are classified into 10 samples of 04 groups with different sizes: 2 samples with sizes under and over 120 mm (M1-1, M1-2); 2 samples with sizes under and over 80 mm (M2-1, M2-2); 2 samples with sizes under and over 40 mm (M3-1, M3-2); 4 samples with sizes under 40 mm, 40 to 80 mm, 80 to 120 mm and over 120 mm (M4-1, M4-2, M4-3, M4-4). Results of sorting 10 solid waste samples into food, cloth, wood, plastic, paper, rubber/leather, metal, glass, other organic and inorganic components shown that recycled combustible, non-recycled combustible portions are ranged from 15,46 to 93,90 %, from 5,34 to 80,17 %, respectively. The density of 10 compressed garbage samples is ranged from 525,9 to 2016,7 kg/m3; moisture contents are ranged from 18.03 to 20.92 %. Ash content is ranged from 1.12 to 9.49 % dry weight; Calorific value is ranged from 3164,9 to 5757,0 kcal/kg of garbage. The volume of leached water from 10 kg wet garbage pressed by 250 kg load in 2 days is 300 ml (equivalent to 327,1 g). Results of elemental composition analysis shown that the contents of C, H, N, Cl, S are ranged from 35,00 to 51,96, from 6,01 to 6,23, from 0,41 to 0,88, from 0,44 to 0,56, from 0,14 to 0,84 %, respectively. On this basis, the author have proposed a waste-to-energy plant with capacity of 250 tons of waste/day to generate the electricity with capacity of 17,0 MW/day.

Integrated Management of Solid Wastes for New York City

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolas J. Themelis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Energy Plant

This report presents the results of a study that examined alternatives to landfilling the municipal solid wastes (MSW) of New York City. Detailed characterization of the wastes led to their classification, according to materials properties and inherent value, to “recyclable”, “compostable”, “combustible”, and “landfillable”. The results showed that the present rates of recycling (16.6%) and combustion (12.4%) in New York City can be increased by a) implementing an automated, modern Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) that separates the blue bag stream to “recyclables” and “combustibles”, and b) combusting the non-recyclable materials in a Waste-to-Energy (WTE) facility. Combustion of wastes to produce electricity is environmentally much preferable to landfilling. An advanced technology for combustion is that used in a modern Waste-to-Energy plant (SEMASS, Massachusetts) that processes 0.9 million metric tons of MSW per year, generates a net of 610 kWh per metric ton of MSW, recovers ferrous and non-ferrous metals, and has lower emissions than many coal-fired power plants.

Technical Challenges and Abatements of a Mass Burn Waste-to-Energy Plant Co-Incinerating Municipal Solid Waste and Industrial Waste

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Shu
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Western World ◽  
Technical Management ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Unstable Combustion ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Proper Disposal

The application of mass burn waste-to-energy (WTE) plants is becoming more popular in Asia, not just for proper disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) like most plants in the western world do but stretched by many Asian plants to co-incinerate non-hazardous industrial waste (IW) in order to maximize the use of the plant facilities, hence to save costs from building facilities specifically for treating IW. As the plants are designed with conventional considerations practiced in the western world and the original designs are not oriented towards co-incinerating large percentages of IW, plant operators frequently face challenges such as unstable combustion quality, frequent boiler tube rupture amplified by co-incineration, inadequacy of the conventional control systems and other facilities to handle the co-incineration application. One co-incineration WTE plant in Taiwan is used as an example to illustrate the significance of these challenges, some measures taken to abate the problems and the cost impacts. Suggestions are also provided for technical management of co-incineration plants.

scholarly journals Characterization Studies on Waste Plastics as a Feedstock for Energy Recovery in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 534 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Surenderan ◽  
Juniza Md Saad ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Hesam Neshaeimoghaddam ◽  
Adlansyah Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Waste Plastics

Increase in the energy usage and declining of non-renewable fossil fuels has changed the perceptions to energy recovery methods to satisfy the need of the energy. Through extensive research and innovation of technology, especially to recover the plastic waste to energy feedstock has been developed. The chosen plastic waste samples are polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP). This sample is collected from daily household waste and was characterized according to the resin types or plastic types. In this research the determination of the moisture content and ash analysis has been carried out using proximate analysis and also determination of the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulphur content has been carried out by using the ultimate analysis. In addition, the calorific value of the samples has been determined and activation energy is obtained based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. The chosen kinetic modelling is modified Arrhenius equation. According to the results, HDPE was the best choice for energy recovery from waste plastics in Malaysia due to high calorific value, low activation energy, low moisture content and ash content and it has low sulphur content among all the plastic samples experimented.

Seasonal characterisation of municipal solid waste from Astana city, Kazakhstan: Composition and thermal properties of combustible fraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1271-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bexultan Abylkhani ◽  
Berik Aiymbetov ◽  
Almira Yagofarova ◽  
Diyar Tokmurzin ◽  
Christos Venetis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Waste Composition ◽  
Different Seasons

This study presents the results of a seasonal municipal solid waste composition campaign, that took place over the period of September 2017 to June 2018 in the capital city of Kazakhstan, Astana. Four sampling campaigns were conducted in order to identify the seasonal variation of municipal solid waste composition, recyclables and energy potential materials, such as combustible fraction, useful for the evaluation of waste-to-energy potential. The combustible fraction was analysed for thermal fuel properties, such as proximate and elemental analyses and gross calorific value. The results over the four different seasons showed that the average recyclable fraction of municipal solid waste on a wet basis of 33.3 wt.% and combustibles fraction was 8.3 wt.%. The largest fraction was the organics (47.2 wt.%), followed by plastic (15.4 wt.%) and paper (12.5 wt.%). Small seasonal variations were observed for organics, paper, plastic and glass fractions. The highest values were found in summer for the organic waste, in spring for paper and plastic and autumn for glass. The recyclables fraction showed an absolute seasonal variation of 5.7% with a peak in the winter season (35.4%) and the combustibles fraction showed a seasonal variation between 8.3 wt.% to 9.4 wt.%. Finally, the average calorific value of the combustible fraction was estimated to be 21.6 MJ kg-1 on a dry basis.

The variability of municipal solid waste and its relationship to the determination of the calorific value of refuse-derived fuels

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 281-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.R. Kirklin ◽  
J.C. Colbert ◽  
P.H. Decker ◽  
A.E. Ledford ◽  
R.V. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuels

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Energy Consumption in Transportation and Processing of Municipal Waste for Recovery in A Waste-To-Energy Plant A Case Study of Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Nowakowski ◽  
Mariusz Wala
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) can be produced from combustible materials contained in municipal waste. After pre-treatment of waste it is possible shipping RDF a waste-to-energy plant (WtE). This article investigates energy and material flow of waste for different scenarios for production of RDF from bulky waste, separately collected waste, and mixed municipal solid waste (MSW). We compare the proportion of energy consumption in transportation, handling waste, and processing using data from the waste collection company in the South of Poland. The findings show the components of the reverse supply chain consuming the highest value of the energy. A model of material and energy flow has taken into consideration collection of waste and transportation by two categories of waste collection vehicles light commercial vehicles and garbage trucks. The shipping of RDF from pre-treatment facility uses – tipper semi-trailers and walking floor trailers. The findings of the study show production of RDF from municipal solid waste is consuming almost 10% of energy potential in RDF. Less energy is required for the production of RDF from bulky waste 2.2% – 4.8% or separately collected waste 1.7% – 4.1% depending on the efficiency of collection and selected vehicles. The transportation is consuming greatest portion of energy. For mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) it can reach 79%, for separated collection waste 90% and for bulky waste up to 92% of the total energy consumed. Comparing emissions for two categories of the collection vehicles there is no significant difference for the bulky waste collections. For mixed MSW and separately collected waste the emissions are higher for garbage trucks. As a recommendation for practitioners is optimization of routing to achieve higher collection rate for minimized route length. Transportation of RDF to WtE plant the vehicles with higher loading capacity are essential.

scholarly journals Analysis of Potential Waste-to-Energy Plant in Final Waste Disposal Sites iIn Indonesia Towards SDGs 2030 (A Literature Review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Yuliana Sarasati ◽  
R. Azizah ◽  
Zia Azuro Zuhairoh ◽  
Lilis Sulistyorini ◽  
Corie Indria Prasasti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calorific Value ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Thermal Method ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Integrated Monitoring ◽  
Energy Plant ◽  
Responsible Consumption ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Open Dumping

Introduction: Waste processing in Final Disposal Sites (FDS) in Indonesia is still dominated by open dumping. This condition causes health and environmental problems and inhibits the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2030. Waste is biomass that can be converted into electrical energy through the Waste-to-Energy Plant (WtE Plant) installation. This article aimed to illustrate the potential of WtE Plant in the FDS in Indonesia in supporting the achievement of SDGs 2030. Discussion: Most waste in the FDS are dominated by organic waste with the highwater content of 60-70% but have a calorific value almost equivalent to sub-bituminous coal. Most studies show the WtE Plant uses a thermal method (incinerator) than other technologies because it has a superior value in the technical aspects (easy operation and high generated energy around 9.86%), economy aspects (medium investment value, but high profit with moderate payback period around 6.5 years) environmental aspects (reduction of waste up to 70-80% and emissions), and lower public health impacts than those produced by open dumping and coal systems. For environmentally safe optimal results, it is necessary to reduce wastewater content, increase pollution control units, and implement an integrated monitoring system. Conclusion: The implementation of WtE Plant can accelerate to achieve the SDGs 2030, especially the 7th, 8th, 12th, and 13th goals concerning clean and affordable energy, decent jobs and economic growth, responsible consumption and production, and addressing climate change, respectively.

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