scholarly journals Mekanisme Pertahanan diri Kaum Tarekat

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Abd. Syakur
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Social Body ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Spiritual Training ◽  
Sufi Order

Sufi orders have been instrumental in the life of the Sufis as centers for spiritual training and education. In these centers the Sufis can elaborate their ideas, and apply them in real life. In the passages of time however, these orders were no longer considered simply as religious centers but also as social groupings consisting of people committed not only to practice the teaching of their religion but also to get involved in social problems. There are indeed many Sufi orders with different character and upbringing. But as a whole, a Sufi order is mechanism for the spiritual survival of its fellows. This paper tries to look at the other side of the matter and argues that a Sufi order is not only spiritual in its nature but is also social. It treats Sufi orders as a social body that functions socially to help the murids to survive socially and not spiritually. We believe that the extinction of some Sufi orders is due mainly to their inability to curb with social issues and not because of the nature of their spiritual teaching. The survival of any Sufi order in other words depends very much on its social mechanism and not on the strength of its spiritual dictum.

scholarly journals MENGENAL TAREKAT DI DUNIA ISLAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-86
Author(s):  
Yuslia Styawati
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Spiritual Training

Sufi orders have been instrumental in the life of the Sufis as centers for spiritual training and education. In these centers the Sufis can elaborate their ideas, and apply them in real life. In the passages of time however, these orders were no longer considered simply as religious centers but also as sufis grouping consisting of people committed to practice the teaching of their religion.This article tries to describes these sufis grouping and their doctrins. Such as Qadiriah, Syadziliyah and Syattariyah.

When the Periphery Becomes the Center: New Trends in Contemporary Brazilian Fiction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 065-073
Author(s):  
Xing Fan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Type

Contemporary literature has always been a dynamic arena for reflecting on and discussing a country’s social changes. With the worsening of social problems and the resurgence of right-wing forces in Brazil in the last decade, literature has endured a series of crises, but it has also found new opportunities. The “marginal writers” who attracted attention at the beginning of the century have gradually moved to the center of Brazilian literature. Aside from denouncing the social problems that exist in the periphery, such as violence, discrimination and poverty, they now pay more attention to the inner feelings of the vulnerable. On the other hand, writers who are known for their psychological descriptions have also begun to explore social issues, often maintaining the subjective perspectives of their characters. This essay argues that the merging of the marginal with the center and of collectivity with subjectivity implies the advent of a new type of narrative in contemporary Brazilian literature.

“Land fever” and “Bankruptcy”: Social Problems in Hanoi’s Urbanizing Peri-urban Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-562
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Urbanization Process ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

Drawn upon field research in two peri-urban villages of Hanoi in 2014 and short re-visits recently, the research examines the widespread of gambling and other social issues in Hanoi’s urbanizing peri-urban communities which happened concurrently with the phenomenon of “land fever,” and at the time local villagers received compensation from land appropriation. The article aims to understand the impact of urbanization on these communities and the interface between urbanization and the increase of social problems. It argues that gambling, drug use, and other social problems have been existing in Vietnamese rural communities long before; however, when urbanization came, some people have higher chances to engage in these activities. Those are villagers who want to transform quickly into entrepreneurs or bosses by joining the “black credit” market and gambling. Together with middle-aged and old farmers who greatly relied on agricultural production and face difficulties in transforming their occupation, they formed the group of losers in the urbanization process. Received 6th January 2019; Revised 26th April 2019; Accepted 15th May 2019

Comments on the Market Crash: Six Months After

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayne Leland ◽  
Mark Rubinstein
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Equilibrium ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Trading Mechanisms

Six months after the market crash of October 1987, we are still sifting through the debris searching for its cause. Two theories of the crash sound plausible -- one based on a market panic and the other based on large trader transactions -- though there is other evidence that is difficult to reconcile. If we are to believe the market panic theory or the Brady Commission's theory that the crash was primarily caused by a few large traders, we must strongly reject the standard model. We need to build models of financial equilibrium which are more sensitive to real life trading mechanisms, which account more realistically for the formation of expectations, and which recognize that, at any one time, there is a limited pool of investors available with the ability to evaluate stocks and take appropriate action in the market.

Herrschaftslegitimation im Diskurs

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Florian Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Elites ◽  
Ars Dictaminis ◽  
Communal Institutions ◽  
Demographic Growth

Abstract In the course of the 11th century, the economic and demographic growth within the Italian cities and its consequential social problems led to an increasing tension between the aristocratic vassal milieu comprising the bishop on one side and the urban elites on the other. Amongst others, one consequence was the takeover of domination by communal institutions resulting in an independent political participation of the citizens. However, these new communes suffered from a lack of legitimacy. The contemporaries were well aware of the contingency of the communes. The communal discourse as taught in the rhetoric system of the ars dictaminis reveals how domination was conceptualized in the 12th century.

Stability Analysis of Supply Chain Cooperation Contract under Asymmetric Information

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 794-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Repeated Games ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Information Economics ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Game Equilibrium ◽  
The Stability

The stability of cooperation contract is the result of abandon opportunistic behavior in the process of repeated games among the enterprise and the other subjects in the supply chain from long-term interests, and is also the foundation of healthy development for the whole supply chain. But in real life cooperation contract instability everywhere for a variety of reasons, such as ethical considerations, institutional factors, cultural factors and special reasons during the transition period and so on. From the perspective of information economics and game theory, the main game process of cooperation between enterprise and the other subjects in supply chain is not only the game of information, but also the game of interests. Information structure and the interesting structure are the important factors for the subjects of the game of the implementation of decisions and the basic contractual constraints for cooperative game equilibrium. Cooperation behaviors among the enterprise and the other subjects in the supply chain were studied on the basis of game theory, and the stability of cooperation contract is also being discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals KRITIK SOSIAL BERMUATAN LOKAL BALI DALAM KUMPULAN CERITA NGUNTUL TANAH NUNULÉNGÉK LANGIT KARYA I MADE SUARSA/LOCAL BALINESE SOCIAL CRITICISTS IN THE STORIES COLLECTION OF NGUNTUL TANAH NULÉNGÉK LANGIT BY I MADE SUARSA

Aksara ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Tanjung Turaeni ◽  
Puji Retno Hardiningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Formal Structure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Classi Cation

Abstrak Kritik sosial sebagai sebuah ide atau berbagai bentuk gagasan yang bertolak belakang dengan kenyataan yang tidak sesuai dengan tujuan dan harapan dari tatanan dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas aspek sosial yang meliputi struktur cerita, masalah sosial dan kritik sosial bermuatan lokal Bali yang tercermin dalam kumpulan cerita pendek berbahasa Bali Nguntul Tanah Nulengék Langit karya I Made Suarsa. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan teknik interpretatif. Dalam pengolahan data dilakukan tahapan klasifikasi, pendeskripsian, penerjemahan, dan penganalisisan data. Untuk mengetahui masalah sosial dan kritik sosial dalam cerpen tersebut, digunakan teori sosiologi sastra dan teori struktural untuk mengetahui struktur formal yang membangun cerita tersebut. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kritik sosial yang dapat terhimpun dalam cerita tersebut adalah kritik sosial terhadap kemiskinan, kritik sosial disorganisasi keluarga dan kritik terhadap adat dan tradisi serta serta kehidupan sosial masyarakat Bali. Dengan demikian, lahirnya cerpen karya I Made Suarsa ini memperlihatkan kemegahan pariwisata, masih terdapat ketimpangan sosial dalam masyarakat Bali. Kata kunci: cerpen, kritik sosial, masalah sosial, muatan lokal Bali Abstract Social criticism as an idea or various forms of ideas that are contrary to reality is not in accordance with the goals and expectations of the order in society. This study aims to discuss the social aspects which include story structure, social issues and social criticism with local Balinese content as re ected in a collection of short stories in Balinese language “Nguntul Tanah Nulengék Langit” by I Made Suarsa. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and note taking techniques. In data processing, the stages of classi cation, description, translation and data analysis are carried out. To nd out the social problems and social criticism in the short story, the sociology approach of Sapardi Djoko Damono’s view is used and is assisted by a structural approach to determine the formal structure that builds the story. The results of the study show that the social criticisms that can be collected in the story are social criticism of poverty, social criticism of family disorganization and criticism of customs and traditions as well as the social life of Balinese people who seem famous by tourism, but in fact there are still social inequalities in Balinese society. Keywords: social problems, social criticism, short stories 

scholarly journals Working as a Music Therapist in Mexico

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Murow
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
The Other ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Music Therapist ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
The World ◽  
Percussion Instruments

Music therapy in Mexico is only beginning. Though there is a lot of interest in what it is and on its effect on health and personal growth, there are also a lot of misconceptions about what it really is. I have encountered that one of the obstacles for the growth of music therapy in Mexico is what I call the myths about what it is. I am sure some of them are well known to my colleagues around the world: if you play a music tape the client gets well, or just get some percussion instruments and have the children play and you are doing music therapy. I think one of the worst misconceptions here is that some people believe there is no need for professional training and education to practice music therapy. Being a music therapist has been a real struggle not to mention trying to educate health and education professionals about music therapy, and that it is a real profession in other Countries! On the other hand, there are many musicians and health professionals who are very interested in music therapy and its use.

scholarly journals Fuzzy Win-Win: A Novel Approach to Quantify Win-Win Using Fuzzy Logic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad B. Hassanat ◽  
Ghada A. Altarawneh ◽  
Ahmad S. Tarawneh
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Uranium Enrichment ◽  
Single Product ◽  
Novel Approach

Abstract The classic win-win has a key flaw in that it cannot offer the parties with right amounts of winning because each party believes they are winners. In reality, one party may win more than the other. This strategy is not limited to a single product or negotiation; it may be applied to a variety of situations in life. We present a novel way to measure the win-win situation in this paper. The proposed method employs the Fuzzy logic to create a mathematical model that aids negotiators in quantifying their winning percentages. The model is put to the test on real-life negotiation scenarios such as the Iranian uranium enrichment negotiations, the Iraqi-Jordanian oil deal, and the iron ore negotiation (2005-2009). The presented model has shown to be a useful tool in practice and can be easily generalized to be utilized in other domains as well.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document