scholarly journals The Molds in Injection Process for the Achievement of Business Objectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio César Acosta-Prado ◽  
Ricardo Prada Ospina
Keyword(s):  
Gray Cast Iron ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Plastic Injection

The injection molding is a process that has been emerging in the industry, due to the technical and economic benefits obtained with reference to other processing of materials. Currently, parts with specific requirements found in this process the best solution, displacing traditional materials (bronze, aluminum, gray cast iron or steel, etc.) in industrial applications. The level of complexity, the quality of materials and the number of cavities affect the cost of the mold. In order to establish an appropriate relationship between production costs and the mold must be defined well, figure to be injected, the number of parts and the cost of the mold. This article aims to make an approximation of the theoretical and economic calculations applied to mold plastic injection process. Finally, it was found that the mold, not only has a strong impact to the profitability of the process, but its proper design depends on the competitive position of the plastics factories. La inyección de plásticos es un proceso que se ha venido abriendo paso en la industria, debido a los beneficios técnicos y económicos obtenidos en referencia a otros procesos de transformación de materiales. Actualmente, piezas con requerimientos específicos han encontrado en este proceso la mejor solución, desplazando a materiales tradicionales (bronce, aluminio, fundición de hierro gris o de acero, etc.) en aplicaciones industriales. El nivel de complejidad, la calidad de los materiales y el número de cavidades inciden en el costo del molde. Para poder establecer una relación adecuada entre costos de producción y el molde se deben definir bien, la figura a inyectar, el número de piezas y el costo del molde. Este artículo pretende realizar una aproximación de los cálculos teóricos y económicos aplicados al molde del proceso de inyección de plástico. Finalmente, se encontró que el molde, no solo presenta una fuerte incidencia con la rentabilidad del proceso, sino que de su adecuado diseño depende la posición competitiva de las fábricas de plásticos.Injeção de plástico é um processo que tem vindo a surgir na indústria, devido aos benefícios técnicos e econômicos em referência a outro processamento de materiais. Atualmente, as peças com requisitos específicos encontrados neste processo a melhor solução, deslocando materiais tradicionais (bronze, alumínio, ferro fundido cinzento ou aço, etc.) em aplicações industriais. O nível de complexidade, a qualidade dos materiais e o número de cavidades afetar o custo do molde. A fim de estabelecer uma relação adequada entre os custos de produção e o molde deve ser bem definida, a figura a ser injetado, o número de peças e o custo do molde. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma aproximação dos cálculos teóricos e econômicas aplicadas para moldar processo de injeção de plástico. Finalmente, verificou-se que o molde, não só tem um forte impacto para a rentabilidade do processo, mas o seu design adequado depende da posição competitiva das fábricas de plástico. 

Surface Enhacement of Large Dies and Moulds by Ball-Burnishing

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Norberto Lo´pez de Lacalle ◽  
Aitzol Lamikiz ◽  
Julen Mun˜oa
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Ball Burnishing ◽  
Stamping Dies ◽  
Burnishing Process ◽  
Plastic Injection ◽  
Dies And Moulds ◽  
Machined Surfaces

In this paper the use of the ball burnishing process to improve the final quality of form tools (moulds and dies) is studied. This process changes the roughness of the previously ball-end milled surfaces, achieving the finishing requirements for plastic injection moulds and stamping dies. Ball burnishing can be easily applied in the same machining centres as those used for milling. In this way, both lead times and production costs can be dramatically reduced. In this paper the use of the ball burnishing process to improve the final quality of form tools (moulds and dies) is studied. This process changes the roughness of the previously ball-end milled surfaces, achieving the finishing requirements for plastic injection moulds and stamping dies. Ball burnishing can be easily applied in the same machining centres as those used for milling, as is shown in the three industrial examples. In this way, both lead times and production costs can be dramatically reduced. Both the burnishing system and its main parameters are taken into account, considering their influence on finishing. Examples of different materials, machined surfaces, and three industrial applications are explained, two on GGG70L and the last one in GS60. Final roughness are measured.

Formation of the cost structure for bakery products in the format of economic cooperation with partners

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
L. Golovina ◽  
E. Yurkov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Structure ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Retail Chains ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Baking Industry

The article examines important problematic issues of domestic bakery production. On the example of one of the bakeries of the Orel region, the changes in the list of production costs for the production of white bread for the period 1999-2019 are analyzed. The article discusses the benefits for the baking industry of canceling the return of unrealized bread from commercial enterprises. The reasons for the deterioration of the quality of wheat flour and white bread in the country's retail chains are considered. The problem of increasing the profitability of bakery production due to changes in the pricing policy is touched upon. The conditions for improving the financial condition of bakery enterprises, as well as the possibility of attracting investment in the industry, are considered.

Application of TOPSIS and ANOVA Methods to Evaluate the Electrical Resistance Spot Welding Process Parameters of AISI 1020 Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshavardhana Natarajan ◽  
Sundar Singh Sivam Sundarlingam Paramasivam ◽  
Durai Kumaran ◽  
G. Balakumaran ◽  
R. Naveen
Keyword(s):  
Spot Welding ◽  
Hold Time ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Current Control ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Electrode Current ◽  
The Cost

Deformation and deterioration of the electrode caused by chemical reaction is resistant to AISI 1020 with caps screw electrodes. In this study, squeeze, weld, hold time, current and pressure is evaluated for the nugget diameter. OP1is the surface waviness, OP2 is the force, OP3 is the nugget height and OP4 is welded by spot welding on steel plates. AISI 1020 steel plates with thicknesses of 0.8 mm and 1.5mm for connecting the cap screw electrode, current and clock sensor with current control for 120 kVA capacitors are connected. The cycle welding currents of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 were selected and increased from 8 kA to 10 kA is done during the welding process. In this study, OP1 to OP4 are selected and the verification experiment is performed in an optimal state to observe the development accuracy. Based on confirmation of test results, it was determined to develop a model that can be effectively used to predict the size of weld surface thereby improving the quality of the weld and calculating the cost of the top screw head. The welded joints of two electrodes are exposed to weld radius. The groove, force and valve height are calculated by the ingot detector, dynamometer and ultrasonic. This allows the workstation to be welded to the desired contour while reducing its production costs.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Economics of Sustainable and Conventional Horticulture

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Robin G. Brumfield
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Price Premiums ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
The Cost

Since World War II, U.S. agriculture has reduced production costs by substituting petrochemicals for labor. Adverse impacts from chemical intensive agriculture include increased pest levels, groundwater and surface water contamination, soil erosion, and concerns about harmful levels of pesticide residues. Sustainable farming programs such as integrated crop management (ICM) and organic farming encourage farmers to use systems that reduce the adverse impacts of chemical agriculture. However, before farmers adopt an alternative system, they must determine that economic benefits from the alternative farming activities exceed the costs incurred. Unfortunately, relatively few studies have compared the cost of organic crop production with conventional production systems. Results of these studies are mixed. In some studies, organic systems are more profitable than conventional systems with organic price premiums, but are not economically viable without price premiums. In one long-term study, the organic system was more profitable than a conventional one if the cost of family labor was ignored, but less profitable if it was included. In some studies, net returns were higher for ICM than for conventional or organic systems, but in others, they were higher. Results also vary on a crop by crop basis.

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR PREDICTING THE GENERATION OF ACETALDEHYDE IN PET RESIN IN THE PROCESS OF INJECTION OF PLASTIC PACKAGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-119
Author(s):  
Mauro Reis Nascimento ◽  
David Barbosa de Alencar ◽  
Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento ◽  
Carlos Alberto Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Plastic Injection

The industrial production of preforms for the manufacture of PET bottles, during the plastic injection process, is essential to regulate the drying temperature of the PET resin, to control the generation of Acetaldehyde (ACH), which alters the flavor of carbonated or non-carbonated drinks, giving the drink a citrus flavor and putting in doubt the quality of packaged products. In this work, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) of the Backpropagation type (Cascadeforwardnet) is specified to support the decision-making process in controlling the ideal drying temperature of the PET resin, allowing specialists to make the necessary temperature regulation decisions  for the best performance by decreasing ACH levels. The materials and methods were applied according to the manufacturer's characteristics on the moisture in the PET resin grain, which may contain between 50 ppm and 100 ppm of ACH. Data were collected for the method analysis, according to temperatures and residence times used in the blow injection process in the manufacture of the bottle preform, the generation of ACH from the PET bottle after solid post-condensation stage reached residual ACH levels below (3-4) ppm, according to the desired specification, reaching levels below 1 ppm. The results found through the Computational Intelligence (IC) techniques applied by the ANNs, where they allowed the prediction of the ACH levels generated in the plastic injection process of the bottle packaging preform, allowing an effective management of the parameters of production, assisting in strategic decision making regarding the use of temperature control during the drying process of PET resin.

scholarly journals Quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings grown on substrates with decomposed babassu palm stem

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romário Martins Costa ◽  
Marcos Renan Lima Leite ◽  
Sâmia dos Santos Matos ◽  
Rayssa Carolinne Mouzinho de Sousa ◽  
Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Babassu Palm ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT The use of pre-sprouted seedlings in the implantation of sugarcane crops not only reduces the establishment period and production costs, but also has other advantages, such as a lesser requirement of propagules (stems) and greater phytosanitary control of the seedlings, when compared to conventional planting. Commercial substrates are also expensive and their use increases the cost of seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings grown on substrates with different proportions of decomposed babassu palm stem (DBPS), as well as to recommend the substrate formulation that provides the most favorable environment for the growth and development of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings. For preparation of the substrate (S), DBPS and soil were used in the following proportions: S1: 0 % of DBPS + 100 % of soil; S2: 20 % of DBPS + 80 % of soil; S3: 40 % of DBPS + 60 % of soil; S4: 60 % of DBPS + 40 % of soil; S5: 80 % of DBPS + 20 % of soil; S6: 100 % of DBPS + 0 % of soil. The use of S2 and S3 considerably improved the seedling quality parameters, such as sprout diameter and length, number of leaves and total, shoot and root dry mass. However, from an economic point of view, S2 is recommended for use.

The role of feeding in the prevention of non-communicable diseases of poultry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сергей Енгашев ◽  
Syergyey YEngashyev ◽  
Тамара Околелова ◽  
Tamara Okolelova
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poisonous Plants ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Poultry Farming

The book deals with many factors, including anti-nutritional, determining the biological value of feed components. Considerable attention is paid to the minimum requirements that must be imposed on the quality of raw materials and can be met in each economy. Provides information on poisonous plants and weeds that may be present in the plant material and cause phytotoxicity. The causes of diseases of feed nature associated with metabolic disorders, and ways to prevent them. The consequences of technological violations in poultry farming are revealed. The role of the quality of raw materials, biologically active and mineral substances in the prevention of certain diseases of forage nature, increasing the productivity of poultry, reducing the cost of feed and their production costs. It is addressed to specialists and managers of poultry farms, feed industry enterprises, researchers, postgraduates and students.

Factorial Design for Reduction of Variation on Plastic Parts Weight

2016 ◽  
pp. 267-277
Author(s):  
María B. Becerra ◽  
Arturo Hernández ◽  
Ángel A. Franco ◽  
José M. Zea ◽  
Roberto Zitzumbo
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
Statistical Control ◽  
Optimal Arrangement ◽  
Injection Process ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Plastic Parts ◽  
Plastic Injection

This research aims to find the causes of weight variation of plastic products that cause a high cost and rework. The importance of using statistical control on the weight of plastic parts is presented; describing the type of machinery used to manufacture, considering the properties and applications of material as Acetal and conditions for injection molding operation, where a 24 factorial experimental design was used to find the variables which influence the weight of the product to maintain a stable process. An efficient solution was developed considering the variables of pressure and injection time to be highly significant in the weight of the plastic parts. Finally an optimal arrangement is generated for the plastic injection process which ensures a stable production process and ensures the quality of the product, which implies a reduction of costs and compliance with design specifications.

The Discussion of Precise Depreciation Management in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 4024-4027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Bei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Product Costs ◽  
Depreciation Methods

This paper proceeds as follows. Depreciation expense, which will directly relate to the size of the product costs, profits and taxes, is being widely concerned. A great number of people are particularly interested in the accurate depreciation of the costs of fixed assets. Different kinds of fixed assets bring economic benefits for the enterprise in completely different ways so that they should adopt different depreciation methods. The Enterprise Accounting Standards of China stipulated that if the companies increase fixed assets during the month, there will be no depreciation expense this month. But I disagree with this rule which violates the requirement of accounting the quality of information in reliability and authenticity. We should accurately calculate the depreciation expenses by the time, since then the depreciation expense can be accurate to a day. Strengthening the depreciation of fixed assets to precise management is imperative. Precise depreciation management not only helps to control the cost strictly, but also can strengthen management and promote the enterprise to develop sustainably.

A Novel Process for Lowering the Cost of Titanium

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gorgees Adam ◽  
De Liang Zhang ◽  
Jing Liang ◽  
I. Macrae
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Aluminum Iron ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University

Titanium and titanium alloys are the materials of choice for many industrial applications because of their attractive combination of low density, good mechanical properties, and high corrosion resistance, and titanium is the fourth most abundant metal in the earth crust (0.86 % by weight) behind aluminum, iron, and magnesium. However, titanium and titanium alloys are not widely. The reason for this is the high cost of titanium and titanium alloys! The cost gap for titanium and titanium alloys widens when they are used for fabricating components and structures. Consequently, much effort has been expended to reduce the cost of titanium and titanium alloys. In conjunction with the University of Waikato, Titanox Development Limited-New Zealand has been successful in creating a modified novel process to produce TiAl based alloy powders with different particle sizes and compositions at low cost. The process offers several benefits to the titanium industry the most significant one of which is that it displays the potential to significantly reduce the commercial production costs of Ti-Al based alloys. This paper describes the Titanox Development Limited technology in brief, and shows how it can economically produce titanium alloy powders for different industrial applications and making titanium alloys affordable. The process has been disclosed in a PCT (Patent Corporation Treaty) application which was approved in 2004 [1], and the related patent applications either have been approved or are being filed in different countries.

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