scholarly journals Media and War

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Media Representations ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
The Future ◽  
Yellow Journalism ◽  
The Media ◽  
Television Media ◽  
Over Time

Representations of war in the media have changed drastically over time. Like the media representations of war, the American public's view of wars has also shifted over time; this is often a result of the media portrayals of war events. This paper examines the role of newspaper, yellow journalism, and sensationalism writing during the Spanish-American War on the American public's support for the war and juxtaposes this with television media accounts of the American war in Vietnam and how this created public disapproval for the war. Both had everlasting effects on US war policy for the future.

The Internet according to kids

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Jorian Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Online Banking ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Future ◽  
Child Friendly ◽  
Over Time

Describes a six‐year study of children’s Internet usage which shows how preferences and habits have changed over time; this was conducted by SpectraCom Inc and Circle 1 network. Explains the research methodology and the objectives, which were to identify trends in the amount of time spent by children online now and in future, their opinions about the future role of the Internet in society and the future of e‐commerce, and parents’ roles in children’s online activities. Concludes that there is need for a more child‐friendly content in Internet sites and for more parental involvement, that children will be influential in the market for alternative devices like mobile phones, that online shopping is likely to flourish, and that children have a growing interest in online banking.

The American Ghetto, Gangster, and Respect on the Streets of Copenhagen: Media(tion)s between Structure and Street Culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 089124162110569
Author(s):  
Hakan Kalkan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Street Culture ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

“Street culture” is often considered a response to structural factors. However, the relationship between culture and structure has rarely been empirically analyzed. This article analyzes the role of three media representations of American street culture and gangsters—two films and the music of a rap artist—in the street culture of a disadvantaged part of Copenhagen. Based on years of ethnographic fieldwork, this article demonstrates that these media representations are highly valuable to and influential among young men because of their perceived similarity between their intersectional structural positions and those represented in the media. Thus, the article illuminates the interaction between structural and cultural factors in street culture. It further offers a local explanation of the scarcely studied phenomenon of the influence of mass media on street culture, and a novel, media-based, local explanation of global similarities in different street cultures.

scholarly journals When election expectations fail: Polarized perceptions of election legitimacy increase with accumulating evidence of election outcomes and with polarized media

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259473
Author(s):  
Marrissa D. Grant ◽  
Alexandra Flores ◽  
Eric J. Pedersen ◽  
David K. Sherman ◽  
Leaf Van Boven
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Media ◽  
Democrats And Republicans ◽  
Dissonance Theory ◽  
Over Time

The present study, conducted immediately after the 2020 presidential election in the United States, examined whether Democrats’ and Republicans’ polarized assessments of election legitimacy increased over time. In a naturalistic survey experiment, people (N = 1,236) were randomly surveyed either during the week following Election Day, with votes cast but the outcome unknown, or during the following week, after President Joseph Biden was widely declared the winner. The design unconfounded the election outcome announcement from the vote itself, allowing more precise testing of predictions derived from cognitive dissonance theory. As predicted, perceived election legitimacy increased among Democrats, from the first to the second week following Election Day, as their expected Biden win was confirmed, whereas perceived election legitimacy decreased among Republicans as their expected President Trump win was disconfirmed. From the first to the second week following Election Day, Republicans reported stronger negative emotions and weaker positive emotions while Democrats reported stronger positive emotions and weaker negative emotions. The polarized perceptions of election legitimacy were correlated with the tendencies to trust and consume polarized media. Consumption of Fox News was associated with lowered perceptions of election legitimacy over time whereas consumption of other outlets was associated with higher perceptions of election legitimacy over time. Discussion centers on the role of the media in the experience of cognitive dissonance and the implications of polarized perceptions of election legitimacy for psychology, political science, and the future of democratic society.

scholarly journals Twenty-five years of cyber threats in the news: a study of Swedish newspaper coverage (1995–2019)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Boholm
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Newspaper Coverage ◽  
Threat Perception ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Unauthorized Access ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Cyber Threats ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

Abstract This paper explores how cyber threats are represented in Swedish newspapers. The sample comprises 1269 articles from three newspapers (Aftonbladet, Göteborgs-Posten, and Svenska Dagbladet) covering 25 years (1995–2019). The study provides a text-near and detailed analysis of the threats covered. The study analyzes these threats along several dimensions: their modality (e.g. unauthorized access or manipulation); to what extent ambiguous themes (e.g. attack, crime, and warfare) are specified in context; how cyber-threat coverage has changed over time; and the event orientation of the coverage, i.e. whether articles address topical events and, if so, which ones. There are five main findings. First, the Swedish newspaper cybersecurity discourse covers multiple threats; in total, 34 themes (present in at least 4% of articles) have been identified. Second, the representation of cyber threats varies in specificity. While generic themes such as attack and warfare are mostly specified in terms of their modality, they sometimes are not, leaving the representation vague. Third, this study, given its general approach, provides insights into media representations of particular cyber threats. For example, this study finds the meaning of “hacking” in the media to be more diversified and nuanced than previously assumed (e.g. as simply meaning “computer break-in”). Fourth, newspaper coverage of cyber threats has changed over time, in both quantity (i.e. the amount of coverage has increased) and quality, as three general trends have been observed: the state-ification and militarization of threats (i.e. increased attention to, e.g. nations and warfare as threats), the organization-ification of threats (i.e. increased attention to, e.g. government agencies and companies as threats), and the diversification and hyping of threats (i.e. cumulatively more threats are added to the cybersecurity discourse, although attention to particular threats is sometimes restricted in time). Finally, parallel to coverage of particular topical events (e.g. the “I love you” virus), newspaper representations of cyber threats largely exemplify “amplification without the event,” i.e. threats are covered without linking them to topical events, as is otherwise typical of news reports. The findings in relation to previous studies of cybersecurity discourse and the implications for informal learning and threat perception are discussed.

Online news creation, trust in the media, and political participation: Direct and moderating effects over time

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ardèvol-Abreu ◽  
Catherine M Hooker ◽  
Homero Gil de Zúñiga
Keyword(s):  
Political Participation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online News ◽  
Citizen Journalism ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
News Production ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

This article explores the role of trust in professional and alternative media as (a) antecedents of citizen news production, and (b) moderators of the effect of citizen news production on political participation. Using two-wave panel survey data collected in the United States between December 2013 and March 2014, results show that trust in citizen media predicts people’s tendency to create news. In turn, citizen news production is a positive predictor of both offline and online participation. More importantly, trust in the media moderates the effect of citizen news production over online political participation. Overall, this article highlights the importance of trust in the media with respect to citizen news production and how it matters for democracy. Thus, this study casts a much-needed light on how media trust and citizen journalism intertwine in explaining a more engaged and participatory citizenry.

The Caribbean, Carlos Finlay, Walter Reed, and Serendipity

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
Robert N. Wiedenmann ◽  
J. Ray Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Spanish Colonies ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Post War

This chapter reviews the role of expanding sugarcane plantations throughout the Caribbean in the movement of slaves, mosquitoes and disease, as world empires jockeyed for dominance in world sugar markets. It relates how increased sugarcane production and exports to Europe led to increased importation of slaves to work the fields. As the African embarkation point of slaves moved north to the Slave Coast, yellow fever and the mosquito Aedes aegypti came into play, though when England banned slaveholding, sugar production shifted to the Spanish colonies of Puerto Rico and Cuba. The brief Spanish-American War of 1898, over control of Cuba, cemented the fame of Colonel Theodore Roosevelt but resulted in more deaths from yellow fever than combat, with the outbreak continuing during the post-war occupation of Cuba. Serendipity played a significant role in the subsequent discovery of the cause of the disease, connecting the Yellow Fever Commission, led by Major Walter Reed, with Cuban physician, Dr. Carlos Finlay, whose early experiments pointed to mosquitos and others while a series of experiments by Reed's team showed Aedes aegypti was the vector.

scholarly journals Drumming the Barrels of Hope? Bioeconomy Narratives in the Media

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Peltomaa
Keyword(s):  
Policy Framework ◽  
Natural Resource Use ◽  
Path Dependencies ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
Policy Fields ◽  
Narrative Policy Framework ◽  
Mode Of Production

Bioeconomy as one mode of the transition towards a more sustainable mode of production and consumption has been addressed in several policy fields. Bioeconomy has raised hope not only in the quest for a more sustainable future, but also offers new possibilities, especially in countries with vast natural resources. By using the Narrative Policy Framework, I assess the kinds of bioeconomy narratives promoted by the media and the future they suggest, for the case of Finland. Flexible concepts such as bioeconomy can be harnessed to promote different, and even contrasting, objectives. Besides growth-oriented promises, bioeconomy seems to simultaneously raise controversial questions related to techno-social path dependencies and the sustainability of natural resource use. The narratives seem also to lack roles for certain actor groups, such as citizens, which might challenge the legitimacy and, thus, the future of bioeconomy. The role of civil society should also be better addressed by scholars in the field, as it plays an important role in the sustainability of bioeconomy.

scholarly journals Australia's pharmaceutical benefits system: flawed but improving, and better than anywhere else

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Current Process ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme

The composition and role of the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) has been the subject ofacrimonious debate through the media in recent months, with accusations of government subjugation to strongindustry lobby groups at the future expense of the Australian taxpayer. An understanding of the issues at thismore political level is helped by appreciation of the rationale for the current process of listing drugs forreimbursement on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS). I will try to give the non-economist reader anoverview of the system and share some perceptions of the strengths and weaknesses of what is fundamentally agood system.

Back to the future? New genetics and disabled people

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (44-45) ◽  
pp. 22-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Shakespeare
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Relationship

This article attempts to put developments in molecular biology into the broader context of disability rights and the relationship between disabled people and medical science. It includes a critique of biologi cal reduclionism and of the role of the media in inflating 'back-to- basics biology'. The article suggests that disabled people have not been consulted or involved in debates around the new genetics and that a wider discussion of these developments is urgently needed.

scholarly journals De campos y árboles para hablar de muertos. El videoarte contra la indiferencia de las representaciones mediáticas

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Celia Riboulet
Keyword(s):  
Video Art ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Media Spectacle ◽  
Chantal Akerman ◽  
The Media ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Video Makers ◽  
Film And Video ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

<p>Resumen</p><p>¿Cuál sería la función de los cineastas y videastas en relación con la imagen televisiva y de otros medios de comunicación? La cuestión política del videasta comprometido podría ser la siguiente: ¿Cómo despertar en cada espectador las dudas y las crisis que el espectáculo (mediático) tiene como meta rechazar y alejar? El artículo describe características básicas del uso de la violencia en la televisión y su respectivo manejo en el arte del video. A partir de las obras de dos videastas- cineastas: Chantal Akerman (Bélgica) y Eliane Chiron (Francia), se analizan cuestiones de poder, imagen e intimidad, relacionadas con el tema y con la representación de la violencia.</p><p>Palabras claves</p><p>Imagen, violencia, paisaje, tiempo, videoarte.</p><p> </p><p>Chagra sachakunapi wañuskakunawamanda rimangapa kawarikuiawa mana sugrigcha munagata Sugllapi ¿ima ruraitaka uikankuna cineastakuna videastakuna chi kawachidirukunawa sugkunapi televisionpi?videastapi compromiso politikapi kasachar karrinsha. ¿Imasa kawachingapa kawadurta kai kawachikunawa kawangami kawangapamanapa? Kaipi willakumi imasapi llakuchingapa televisionpi imasa video manejangapa munaskasina iskai videaskakuna: Chantal Akerman (Belgikamanda) Eliane Chiron (Franciamanda), kawankuna imasa chi jiru kawachikuna jiru. Ima suti Rimai Simi: kawari llakichinakui sumakawari pucha, tiempo, video kawari.</p><p> </p><p>On Fields and Trees to Speak of the Dead: Video Art against the Indifference of Media Representations. Abstract</p><p>What would the role of film and video makers be regarding the TV image and the image from other media? The political question of the committed video maker could be as follows: how to raise in every viewer the doubts and crises that the (media) spectacle aims to reject? The article describes the basic characteristics of the use of violence on television and how these characteristics are managed in video art. Issues of power, image and intimacy are discussed in connection to the above and to the depiction of violence, guided by the works of two video artists/filmmakers: Chantal Akerman (Belgium) and Eliane Chiron (France).</p><p>Keywords</p><p>Image, violence, landscape, time, video art.</p><p>Des champs et des arbres pour parler des morts : La videoarte contre l´indifférence des représentations de médias. Résumé</p><p>Quelle pourrait être la fonction des cinéastes et vidéastes par rapport à l’image télévisuelle et autres moyens de communication ? La question politique du vidéaste engagé pourrait être la suivante : comment réveiller dans chaque spectateur les doutes et les crises que le spectacle (médiatique) a pour but de rejeter et d’éloigner ? L’article décrit les caracté- ristiques de base de l’usage de la violence à la télévision et son maniement dans l’art de la vidéo. À partir des oeuvres de deux vidéastes-cinéastes : Chantal Akerman (Belgique) et Eliane Chiron (France), nous analysons les questions du pouvoir, de l’image et de l’intimité, mises en relation avec le sujet et avec la représentation de la violence.</p><p>Mots clés</p><p>Image, violence, paysage, temps, art vidéo. Campos e árvores para falar dos mortos: vídeo-arte</p><p>contra a indiferença das representações das mídias. Resumo</p><p>Qual seria o papel de cineastas e vídeo sobre a imagem de TV e outras mídias? A questão política de cinegrafista comprometido poderia ser o seguinte: como despertar em cada espectador dúvidas e crises que o show (mídia ) pretende rejeitar e fora? O artigo descreve características básicas do uso da violência na televisão e respectiva gestão em video-arte. A partir das obras de dois cineastas videastas: Chantal Akerman (Bélgica) e Eliane Chiron ( França), são discutidas questões de poder, imagem e intimidade de, relacionado com o tema e a representação da violência.</p><p>Palavras chaves</p><p>Imagem, violência , paisagem, tempo, vídeo-arte.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document