IRRIGAÇÃO COM ÁGUA SALINA NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE TRÊS CULTIVARES DE ALGODÃO

irrigação com água salina no crescimento inicial de três cultivares de algodão André Moreira de Oliveira; Andlêr Milton de Paiva Oliveira; Nildo da Silva Dias; José Francismar MedeirosDepartamento de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, RN, [email protected] 1 RESUMO A salinidade dos solos reduz a absorção de água pelas plantas, interferindo no metabolismo e, consequentemente, no crescimento e produção das mesmas. Com o objetivo de investigar o comportamento de três cultivares de algodão, (“VERDE”, “MARROM” e “8H”) irrigados com águas de diferentes níveis de salinidade (0,5; 2,5; 4,5; 6,5 e 8,5 dS m-1), conduziu-se um experimento em ambiente protegido na Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, localizado no município de Mossoró – RN. As variáveis analisadas foram: consumo hídrico, altura de planta, fitomassas fresca e seca e área foliar. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três repetições e quinze tratamentos. As variáveis analisadas foram afetadas significativamente pelos níveis de salinidade testados, afetando o desenvolvimento das três cultivares, sendo diretamente proporcionais ao aumento da concentração salina da água de irrigação e ao tempo de exposição da planta ao tratamento. UNITERMOS: condutividade elétrica, salinidade, Gossypium sp. OLIVEIRA, A. M. de; OLIVEIRA, A. M. de P.; DIAS, N. da S.; MEDEIROS, J. F. Effect of irrigation with saline water on the development of three cotton cultivars 2 ABSTRACT The salinity of soil reduces the absorption of water by plants, interfering in the metabolism and, consequently, in plant yield. The objective of this work was to study the behavior of three cotton cultivars, ("VERDE", "MARROM" and "8H") irrigated with water of different salinities (0.5; 2.5; 4.5; 6.5 and 8.5 dS m-1). The experiment was conducted in a controlled environment at theFederalRuralUniversity of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró,Rio Grande doNorte State,Brazil. The analyzed variables were: water consumption, height of plant, fresh and dry mass, and leaf area. A completely randomized design with three replicates and fifteen treatments was used. The analyzed variables had a significant effect on the levels of salinities tested, affecting the development of the three cultivars. The effects were directly proportional to the increase of salt concentration in the irrigation water and to the exposition time to the treatment. KEY WORDS: electric conductivity, salinity, Gossypium sp.

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Morphometric responses and tolerance of pomegranate seedlings irrigated with saline water

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n5p341-346 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 341-346

Author(s):

João P. N. de Almeida ◽

Vander Mendonça ◽

Anderson A. Alves ◽

Raulino Cardoso Neto ◽

Luilson P. Costa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Arid Region ◽

Saline Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

G Ratio ◽

Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Information on the production of seedlings and initial growth of pomegranate irrigated with saline water is scarce in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of irrigation water salinity levels on the growth and tolerance of pomegranate seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, located at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. A randomized block design with five treatments [electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw) of 0.6, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, 12.0 dS m-1] and five replicates, with three plants per plot, was used. At 120 days after sowing, the following characteristics were evaluated: shoot, root and total lengths (cm); stem diameter (mm), dry mass of stem, leaves, root system and total (g); ratio between root and shoot dry mass; Dickson quality index and salinity tolerance. Growth and dry biomass accumulation in pomegranate seedlings were compromised with increased salinity in irrigation water, but with a lower intensity when subjected up to EC of 6.0 dS m-1. Regarding the criterion of evaluation of tolerance to salinity, pomegranate seedlings were moderately tolerant to salinity.

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Gas exchanges and growth of cotton cultivars under water salinity

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n6p393-399 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (6) ◽

pp. 393-399

Author(s):

André A. R. da Silva ◽

Luana L. de S. A. Veloso ◽

Ronaldo do Nascimento ◽

Elka C. S. Nascimento ◽

Carlos V. de C. Bezerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Saline Water ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Gas Exchanges ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Irrigation Water Salinity ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Response To Water

ABSTRACT Indication of salt-tolerant cotton cultivars can make the agricultural exploitation with saline water irrigation feasible in the Brazilian semi-arid region. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the gas exchanges and growth of cotton cultivars irrigated with saline water. The study was conducted in pots adapted as drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, using a sandy loam Entisols as substrate. Treatments were distributed in completely randomized design, in 5 x 2 factorial arrangement, relative to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 dS m-1) and two cotton cultivars (BRS 368 RF and BRS Safira). Increase in irrigation water salinity inhibits the vegetative growth and gas exchanges of the cotton cultivars BRS Safira and BRS 368 RF. Leaf area and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency are the most affected variables. Physiological and growth performance of the cultivar BRS Safira in response to water salinity was higher than that of BRS 368 RF.

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Application of Moringa in the Removal of Salts from the Desalinator Reject

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2019/v36i130212 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

A. J. Gomes Filho ◽

S. C. de Paiva ◽

G. M. C. Takaki ◽

A. S. Messias

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Saline Water ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Whole Seed ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Moringa Oleifera Lam

This study aims to analyze the reject produced by the desalinators implanted in the semi-arid Pernambuco in contact with the seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. For this, Moringa seeds were collected and prepared with the following treatments: reject (control), reject with whole seed with and without husks, reject with crushed seed with and without husks, seed residue with and without husks, in five replicas. Each replica was constituted with doses equivalent to 2.0 g of Moringa seeds for 200 mL of reject, with contact time corresponding to 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, in a completely randomized design, under laboratory conditions, total of 140 experimental units. The physical-chemical and statistical analyses were performed through analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the F test, at confidence interval of 95%. It has been found through laboratory tests that seeds with crushed or ground Moringa husks are equally effective at adsorbing sodium from 1,868,0 mg/L to 24,6 mg/L (98,7 %), calcium from 1,005.0 mg/L to 894.6 mg/L (11%), magnesium from 741.0 mg/L to 728.3 mg/L (1.7%) and chloride from 6,997.5 mg/L to 6,782.4 mg/L (1.8%). Therefore, Moringa seed can be considered promising in the adsorption of chemical elements of saline water desalinizers.

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Yield of prickly pear cactus irrigated with saline water in soils of the semi-arid region

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n1p37 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 37-50

Author(s):

Washington Benevenuto de Lima ◽

◽

Jucilene Silva Araújo ◽

Lúcia Helena Garófalo Chaves ◽

Múcio Freire Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Region ◽

Saline Water ◽

Prickly Pear ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Prickly Pear Cactus ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Pear Cactus ◽

Semi Arid

Knowing the tolerance of plants grown in the Brazilian semi-arid region to salt stress is of paramount importance for the sustainability of regional agriculture. This study was developed to examine the growth and yield of prickly pear cactus ‘Orelha de Elefante Mexicana’ (Opuntia stricta Haw) irrigated with increasing water salinity levels (0.75, 3.0, 5.25 and 7.50 dS m-1 to 25 ºC) and grown on soils representative of the Brazilian semi-arid region (chromic Luvisol, Solonetz and Fluvisol). Total fresh weight decreased linearly, with a 21.42% reduction when we compare the average fresh weight per plant in the lowest and highest saline level treatments. The chromic Luvisol and Solonetz soils showed the best fresh weight and dry matter yields under the present experimental conditions.

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Water and nitrogen water use efficiency in forage palm irrigated with salt water in the Neossolo

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.04.p2404 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 683-690

Author(s):

Patrícia Ferreira da Silva ◽

Rigoberto Moreira de Matos ◽

José Dantas Neto ◽

Vitória Ediclécia Borges ◽

Thiago Galvão Sobrinho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Arid Region ◽

Saline Water ◽

Salt Water ◽

Nitrogen Use ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

The objectives were to analyze the water and nitrogen use efficiency by forage palm in different irrigation depths with saline water and nitrogen fertilization levels in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The experiment was conducted under field condition during one year of cultivation (360 days). The experimental design was a complete randomized block and 5 x 5 factorial scheme with five irrigation depths (125, 100, 75, and 25% of ET0) and five levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg ha-1 of N) and three replicates. Irrigation and acceptable nitrogen fertilization resulted in a good water and fertilization management. Water and nitrogen use efficiency of forage palm were higher, when water depths and the nitrogen levels supplied to the soil were increased. The 125% ET0 depth showed a higher efficiency of water and nitrogen use in the forage palm during 360 days of study. In conditions of low nitrogen supply, the efficiency of nitrogen use is directly and indirectly associated with the fresh mass yield; while under high supply, the efficiency of the use of nitrogen is more effective. The use of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization in the semi-arid region is recommended to obtain higher productivity of water and nitrogen from the forage palm.

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CRESCIMENTO E PRODUÇÃO DA PRIMEIRA REBROTA DE CULTIVARES DE SORGO SOB DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO

Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo ◽

10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n3p449-459 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 449

Author(s):

JOÃO PAULO NUNES COSTA ◽

JOSÉ FRANCISMAR MEDEIROS ◽

RAFAELA MENDES DE ANDRADE NUNES ◽

EDMILSON GOMES CAVALCANTE JÚNIOR ◽

JOSÉ FLAVIANO BARBOSA LIRA

Keyword(s):

Sorghum Bicolor ◽

Arid Region ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Forage Sorghum ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

RESUMO - Avaliou-se comportamento da rebrota de cultivares do sorgo sacarino e forrageiro no semiárido potiguar sob diferentes lâminas de irrigação. O ensaio foi realizado em março de 2015, nas condições de campo, em um argissolo no município de Upanema-RN, região Nordeste do Brasil. O experimento foi conduzido com delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados completos, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas 4 x (5 x 2), com quatro repetições, sendo quatro lâminas de irrigação (50, 75, 100 e 125% da ETc), e cinco cultivares (duas cultivares sacarinas, BRS 506 e BRS 511, e três forrageiras IPA 467-4-2, IPA SF-15 e BRS Ponta Negra) combinadas com duas densidade de plantio nas subparcelas. As variáveis avaliadas foram as produtividades de massa fresca e seca. Verificou-se que a lâmina de irrigação repondo 100% da ETc proporcionou maior rendimento de biomassa e que as cultivares sacarinas apresentaram baixa capacidade de rebrota, sendo as variedades IPA SF 15, IPA 467-4-2 e a BRS Ponta Negra as mais produtivas.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, semiárido, estresse hídrico. GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF THE FIRST REGROWTH OF SORGO CULTIVARS UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION BLADES ABSTRACT - Behavior of re-growth of saccharin sorghum and forage sorghum cultivars in the semi-arid region of the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil, under different irrigation blades was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in March 2015 under field conditions in an argisol in the municipality of Upanema-RN, northeast region of Brazil. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized complete block design with four replications (4 x 5 x 2), four irrigation blades (50, 75, 100 and 125% of ETc estimated from climatic data of Mossoró-RN) and five cultivars (two saccharin cultivars, BRS 506 and BRS 511, and three forage cultivars, IPA 467-4-2, IPA SF-15 and BRS Ponta Negra) combined with two planting densities in the subplots. Fresh and dry mass productivities were evaluated. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (F test) and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level, using the SAEG 8.1 software. It was verified that the irrigation blade replacing 100% of the ETc provided a higher yield of biomass and that the saccharin cultivars presented a low sprout capacity, with the varieties IPA SF 15, IPA 467-4-2 and BRS Ponta Negra being the most productive. Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, semiarid, water stress.

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Effect of the environment and diet on the physiological variables of sheep in the Brazilian semi-arid region

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 971

Author(s):

Nayanne Lopes Batista Dantas ◽

Bonifácio Benicio de Souza ◽

Maycon Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Gustavo de Assis Silva ◽

João Paulo da Silva Pires ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Region ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Globe Temperature ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the physiological variables of three sheep genotypes: Morada Nova, Somalis, and Dorper x Somalis crossbreed regarding the environment and diet in the Brazilian semi-arid region by using 30 animals (10 from each genetic group). Five of these animals had 30% of the tifton hay replaced by hairy woodrose hay. The temperature and relative air humidity were registered, the black globe temperature and humidity index (BGHI) was calculated, and the rectal temperature (RT), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), and surface temperature (ST) were measured in the morning and afternoon. The experimental design was a completely randomized design in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial scheme, which consisted of three genotypes, two diets, and two periods, and five replications each. BGHI presented values of 81 in the shade and 90 in the sun and a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed for the studied variables in relation to the periods, with higher values in the afternoon. The average ST was 35.48 °C in the morning and 38.11 °C in the afternoon. Morada Nova presented the lowest RT and RR (P < 0.05) among the genetic groups, with a higher tolerance to heat. The 30% substitution of tifton hay by hairy woodrose hay did not negatively affect the thermoregulatory capacity of sheep. The studied genetic groups were adapted and tolerant to climate conditions of the Brazilian semi-arid region.

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Biometry in Umbu fruits from the semi-arid region of Paraiba

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura ◽

10.1590/0100-29452021808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Fábio Rodrigo Araújo Pereira ◽

Walter Esfrain Pereira ◽

Angela Maria dos Santos Pessoa ◽

Erika Socorro Alves Graciano de Vasconcelos

Keyword(s):

Principal Component ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Experimental Unit ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Industrial Use ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

Abstract Umbu fruits from four municipalities of Paraíba were morphologically characterized in order to identify promising genotypes for fresh consumption and agro-industrial use. We used 400 fruits from parent plants located in São Vicente do Seridó, Queimadas, Boqueirão, and Cabaceiras and 40 commercial fruits from two open fairs in Campina Grande, PB. The experimental unit consisted of ten fruits. The fruits were analyzed for total mass (MTF), length (LC), diameter (DF), fresh matter (MMF), yield (RF), and presence of hairs. In the endocarps, mass (ME), length (CE), diameter (DE), and width (LE) were the evaluated parameters. A completely randomized design was adopted, the data were subjected to variance analysis, and the means were compared by the Tukey test and principal component analysis. The fruits from Queimadas and São Vicente do Seridó showed the best morphological characters with regard to mass, length, diameter, fresh matter, and fruit yield, and were the most promising for agro-industrial commercialization. The fruits from Boqueirão showed the highest endocarp mass. Most fruits showed hairs on the peel, except the commercial ones. Four groups of municipalities were formed, with the fruits from Queimadas showing the largest size, while the fruits from São Vicente de Seridó and Soledade showed the highest yield.

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Green manuring with Calotropis procera for the production of coriander in two growing seasons

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/1413-70542017415013417 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 533-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ênio Gomes Flôr Souza ◽

Almir Rogerio Evangelista de Souza ◽

Enielson Bezerra Soares ◽

Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior ◽

Lindomar Maria da Silveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arid Region ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Calotropis Procera ◽

Agronomic Performance ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Number Of Stems ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The use of spontaneous species of the Caatinga biome can contribute significantly to the nutritional demand of vegetable crops, thereby providing an agroecological and sustainable form of production. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of different biomasses of Calotropis procera (rooster tree) and times of incorporation into the soil of green manure during two growing seasons on the agronomic performance of coriander cv. Verdão produced in Serra Talhada, a semi-arid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with three replications. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with the first factor consisting of biomass amounts of C. procera (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and the second by the incorporation times into the soil (0, 10, 20 and 30 days before coriander planting). The evaluated characteristics were plant height, number of stems per plant, yield of green mass and dry mass of shoot. The best productive performance of coriander was observed in amounts of 12.2 (spring) and 8.8 (autumn-winter) t ha-1 C. procera added to the soil, with an ideal incorporation time of 13 (spring) and 23 (autumn-winter) days before sowing of the crop and with larger accumulations of green and dry mass of the shoot being obtained in autumn-winter.

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