scholarly journals CONSUMO E CUSTO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA NA CULTURA DE CITROS IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO E MICROASPERSÃO, COM TRÊS LÂMINAS DE ÁGUA.

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Vinicius Vescove ◽  
Jose Eduardo Pitelli Turco
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Water Depths

O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o consumo, custo de energia elétrica, e resultado econômico em citros (Citrus sinensis) irrigado.  Os tratamentos constaram de sistemas de irrigação do tipo gotejamento, com uma e duas linhas laterais de distribuição de água, microaspersão e um tratamento sem irrigação. Para cada sistema foram utilizadas três lâminas de água; 100%, 75% e 50% da Etc (evapotranspiração da cultura). Foi estudado o custo da energia elétrica para dois grupos tarifários, Grupo A e Grupo B. Para o grupo A foram determinado os dispêndios com a energia para tarifas Estrutura Binômia Convencional e Horo-Sazonal (verde e azul), além, da tarifa especial para irrigante noturno. Os preços do kWh dos sistemas tarifários foram obtidos no site CPFL (Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz).  A melhor relação entre o consumo de energia elétrica por ha (kWh.ha-1) pela produtividade (t.ha-1) foi observado nos tratamentos irrigados com 50% da Etc. O sistema tarifário horo sazonal verde/azul Grupo A  irrigante noturno teve o menor custo de energia. Os tratamentos irrigados com lâmina de 50% apresentaram maiores produtividade em relação à lâmina de 100% da Etc. O maior retorno econômico ocorreu nos tratamentos irrigados com 50% da Etc.   UNITERMOS: sistemas de irrigação, lâminas de irrigação, sistemas tarifários de energia.     VESCOVE, H. V.; TURCO, J. E. P. ELETRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND COST IN CITRUS  CROP IRRIGATED BY DUP AND MICROSPRINKLER IRRIGATION UNDER  THREE WATER DEPTHS.     2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this work was to analyze the consumption, electric energy cost, and economic results of irrigated citrus (Citrus sinensis). The treatments consisted of a dripping irrigation system with one and two lateral distribution lines, a micro sprinkler irrigation system and a treatment without irrigation. For each irrigation system, three water depths were used: 100%, 75% and 50% of Etc (citrus evapotranspiration). The electric energy cost for two tariff groups, Group A and Group B, was studied. For Group A, the expenses with energy were determined for the Conventional Binomial Structure tariff, the Hour-seasonal tariff (green and blue) and the special tariff for nocturnal irrigation. The kWh cost for the tariff systems were obtained from the website of CPFL (São Paulo State Power and Light Company, Brazil). The best relation between the electric energy consumption (kWh.ha-1) and productivity (t.ha-1) occurred in the treatment irrigated with 50% of the Etc. The irrigated treatments increased productivity. The biggest productivity was observed in the irrigation treatments with 50% of the Etc when compared to the ones with 100% of the Etc. The blue and green Hour-seasonal tariff system of Group A (nocturnal irrigation) was the best option. A biggest economic turnover occurred in the treatments irrigated with 50% of the Etc.   KEYWORDS: irrigation systems, irrigation depths, tariff systems of energy.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption and Internal Distribution in Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Plants of Greece

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Siatou ◽  
Anthoula Manali ◽  
Petros Gikas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Volume Unit

The high-energy consumption of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a crucial issue for municipalities worldwide. Most WWTPs in Greece operate as extended aeration plants, which results in high operational costs due to high energy needs. The present study investigated the energy requirements of 17 activated sludge WWTPs in Greece, serving between 1100–56,000 inhabitants (population equivalent, PE), with average daily incoming flowrates between 300–27,300 m3/d. The daily wastewater production per inhabitant was found to lie between 0.052 m3/PE·d and 0.426 m3/PE·d, with average volume of 0.217 ± 0.114 m3/PE·d. The electric energy consumption per volume unit (EQ (kWh/m3)) was between 0.128–2.280 kWh/m3 (average 0.903 ± 0.509 kWh/m3) following a near logarithmic descending correlation with the average incoming flowrate (Qav) (EQ = −0.294lnQav + 3.1891; R2 = 0.5337). A similar relationship was found between the daily electric energy requirements for wastewater treatment per inhabitant (EPE (kWh/PE·d)) as a function of PE, which varied from 0.041–0.407 kWh/PE·d (average 0.167 ± 0.101 kWh/PE·d)) (EPE = −0.073ln(PE) + 0.8425; R2 = 0.6989). Similarly, the daily energy cost per inhabitant (E€/PE (€/PE·d)) as a function of PE and the electric energy cost per wastewater volume unit (E€/V (€/m3)) as a function of average daily flow (Qav) were found to follow near logarithmic trends (E€/PE = −0.013ln(PE) + 0.1473; R2 = 0.6388, and E€/V = −0.052lnQav + 0.5151; R2 = 0.6359), respectively), with E€/PE varying between 0.005–0.073 €/PE·d (average 0.024 ± 0.019 €/PE·d) and E€/V between 0.012–0.291 €/m3 (average 0.111 ± 0.077 €/m3). Finally, it was calculated that, in an average WWTP, the aeration process is the main energy sink, consuming about 67.2% of the total electric energy supply to the plant. The large variation of energy requirements per inlet volume unit and per inhabitant served, indicate that there is large ground for improving the performance of the WWTPs, with respect to energy consumption.

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO COM APLICAÇÃO DO INVERSOR DE FREQÜÊNCIA NO CONJUNTO MOTOBOMBA

Irriga ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
João Alberto Borges de Araújo ◽  
Odivaldo José Seraphim ◽  
Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira ◽  
Fernando Presenço ◽  
Fernando De Lima Caneppele
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Parameters ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Irrigation System Management ◽  
Frequency Inverter

AVALIAÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA IRRIGAÇÃO POR ASPERSÃO COM APLICAÇÃO DO INVERSOR DE FREQÜÊNCIA NO CONJUNTO MOTOBOMBA  João Alberto Borges de Araújo1; Odivaldo José Seraphim2; Jair Antonio Cruz Siqueira3; Fernando Presenço4; Fernando de Lima Caneppele41 Departamento de Engenharia de Produção, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Botucatu, SP,  [email protected] de Engenharia Rural, Faculdade de Ciëncias Agronömicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP 3CCET – Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR4Faculdade de Ciëncias Agronömicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP                                                                                                      1 Resumo Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a aplicação do inversor de freqüência sobre os parâmetros elétricos e hidráulicos no manejo de um sistema de irrigação por aspersão. Utilizou-se de um sistema de bombeamento convencional por aspersão com 4 linhas manejadas alternadamente, constando o manejo da abertura de 1, 2, 3 e 4 linhas simultaneamente. Posteriormente, no sistema convencional foi acoplado um sistema de acionamento com rotação variável, composto por um transdutor de pressão e um inversor de freqüência, os quais  atuaram variando a rotação do conjunto motobomba e adequando a pressão estabelecida em relação à variação de vazão requerida pelo sistema. Os resultados encontrados permitiram avaliar que no sistema com inversor de freqüência houve redução do consumo de energia e a pressão de serviço dos aspersores foi mantida, variando apenas a vazão requerida, conforme o manejo das linhas. UNITERMOS: manejo de irrigação, consumo de energia, parâmetros hidráulicos  ARAÚJO, J. A. B. de; SERAPHIM, O. J.; SIQUEIRA, J. A. C.; PRESENÇO, F; CANEPPELE, F. de L. EVALUATION OF A SPRINKLE IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH THE USE OF A FREQUENCY INVERTER DRIVE   2 AbstractThis work aimed to evaluate the use of a frequency inverter drive on the electric and hydraulic parameters of a sprinkling irrigation system management.  A conventional sprinkle water pump system with 4 alternate controlled lines, in which the opening of 1, 2, 3 and 4 lines occurred simultaneously; electric energy consumption and hydraulic parameters of the system were registered. Later on, this system was connected to a starting system with varied rotation, consisting of a pressure transducer and a frequency inverter drive, that made the water pump rotation vary and adapted the preset pressure in relation to f the flow variation requested by the system. Obtained results showed that, in the system with a frequency inverter drive, there was reduction of the electric energy consumption and the service pressure of the sprinkling was maintained, just varying the requested flow, for the simultaneous management of 1, 2 and 3 lines. KEYWORDS: irrigation management, energy consumption, hydraulic parameters

CONSUMO E CUSTO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA EM FEIJÃO IRRIGADO AFETADO POR QUATRO MÉTODOS DE MANEJO DE IRRIGAÇÃO

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
José Eduardo Pitelli Turco ◽  
Gilcileia Dos Santos Rizzatti ◽  
Paulo José Desidério De Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Bowen Ratio ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class A Pan

A irrigação é responsável por grande parte do consumo de energia elétrica no meio rural. O correto manejo da irrigação evita o desperdício de energia elétrica e de água. Com este trabalho o objetivo foi analisar o consumo e custo de energia elétrica em cultura do feijoeiro IAC-Carioca, irrigado por aspersão convencional, submetido a quatro métodos de manejo de irrigação: T1 - irrigação em função do método do tanque “Classe A”; T2 - irrigação em função da umidade do solo, medida com tensiômetros; T3 - irrigação em função do método de Penman-Monteith; T4 - irrigação em função da razão de Bowen; comparados com o tratamento T5 - sem irrigação, após o estabelecimento da cultura. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Área Demonstrativa e Experimental de Irrigação - ADEI, da FCAV/UNESP, Câmpus de Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, no ano de 2010. O consumo de energia elétrica do sistema de irrigação foi monitorado e o custo analisado para dois grupos tarifários: A e B, sendo os preços do kWh dos sistemas tarifários de energia elétrica obtidos na Companhia Paulista de Força e Luz (CPFL). O sistema tarifário Grupo B, com desconto especial para irrigantes no período noturno foi a opção mais adequada para a cultura do feijoeiro. O consumo e custo de energia elétrica foi maior no manejo de irrigação por tensiometria e menor no método por Penman-Monteith.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Tanque “Classe A”, tensiômetro, Penman-Monteith, Razão de Bowen.ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION AND COST IN BEAN IRRIGATED AFFECTED BY FOUR METHODS OF IRRIGATION MANAGEMENTABSTRACT: Irrigation is responsible for much of the energy consumption in rural areas. The correct management of irrigation avoids the waste of electric energy and water. The objective of this work was to analyze the consumption and cost of electric energy in bean crop, IAC-Carioca, irrigated by conventional aspersion, submitted to four irrigation management: T1- irrigation in function of the method "Class A" pan, T2- irrigation depending on soil moisture, measured with tensiometers; T3- irrigation according to the Penman-Monteith; T4- irrigation according to the Bowen ratio; compared with the treatment T5- without irrigation, after crop establishment. The research was developed at the Demonstrative and Experimental Area of Irrigation - ADEI, of FCAV/UNESP, Campus of Jaboticabal - SP, Brazil, in the year of 2010. The irrigation system electric energy consumption was monitored and the cost analyzed for two tariff groups: A and B. The prices of kWh of the tariff systems of electric energy had been gotten in the Sao Paulo Company of Force and Light (CPFL).  The tariff system Group B, with special discount for irrigation during night time was the most appropriate option. The consumption and cost of electric energy was higher in irrigation management by tensiometers and shorter in the method by Penman-Monteith.KEYWORDS: “Class A” pan, tensiometer, Penman-Monteith, Bowen ratio.

Measurements of electric energy consumption in a low energy building in Slovak climatic conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Bagoňa ◽  
Dušan Katunský ◽  
Martin Lopušniak ◽  
Marián Vertaľ
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption

scholarly journals Traffic Light Priority for Trams in Warsaw as a Tool for Transport Policy and Reduction of Energy Consumption

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4180
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czerepicki ◽  
Tomasz Krukowicz ◽  
Anna Górka ◽  
Jarosław Szustek
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The article presents an analysis of priority solutions for trams at a selected sequence of intersections in Warsaw (Poland). An analysis of the literature has shown the topicality of this issue. A computer simulation model of a coordinated sequence of intersections was constructed. Three test scenarios were designed: the existing control system, the new coordinated fixed-time control system, and the adaptive control system with active priority. In the simulation process, detailed travel characteristics of trams and other traffic participants in a selected section were obtained for the three varying scenarios. Electric energy consumption for traction needs and pollutant emissions was then estimated for each of the variants. It was concluded that for the analyzed configuration, implementation of the adaptive priority will result in a reduction of tram time losses by up to 25%, a reduction in energy consumption by up to 23%, and a reduction in the emission of pollutants from individual vehicles by up to 3% in relation to the original variant. The conducted research may be the basis for a comprehensive method of assessing the effectiveness of applying the adaptative priority when designing new tramway lines and modernizing the existing ones.

scholarly journals AUDIT ENERGI PADA SEBUAH HOTEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Didik Ariwibowo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electrical Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping System

Didik Ariwibowo, in this paper explain that energy audit activities conducted through several phases, namely: the initial audit, detailed audit, analysis of energy savings opportunities, and the proposed energy savings. Total energy consumed consists of electrical energy, fuel, and materials in this case is water. Electrical energy consumption data obtained from payment of electricity accounts for a year while consumption of fuel and water obtained from the payment of material procurement. From the calculation data, IKE hotels accounted for 420.867 kWh/m2.tahun, while the IKE standards for the hotel is 300 kWh/m2.tahun. Thus, IKE hotel included categorized wasteful in energy usage. The largest energy consumption on electric energy consumption. Largest electric energy consumption is on the air conditioning (AC-air conditioning) that is equal to 71.3%, and lighting and electrical equipment at 27.28%, and hot water supply system by 4.44%. Electrical energy consumption in AC looks very big. Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the statutes, the profile of energy use by air conditioning at the hotel by 48.5%. With these considerations in the AC target for audit detail as the next phase of activity. The results of a detailed audit analysis to find an air conditioning system energy savings opportunities in pumping systems. Recommendations on these savings is the integration of automation on the pumping system and fan coil units (FCU). The principle of energy conservation in the pumping system is by installing variable speed drives (VSD) pump drive motor to adjust speed according to load on the FCU. Load variations FCU provide input on the VSD pumps to match. Adaptation is predicted pump can save electricity consumption up to 65.7%. Keywords: energy audit, IKE, AC

Research on Jobshop Scheduling Problem with Energy Consumption

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 2071-2075
Author(s):  
Jia Hai Wang ◽  
Wen Tao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Load Shifting ◽  
Electric Energy Consumption ◽  
Jobshop Scheduling ◽  
Time Division ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.Discrete machine manufacture enterprises have to induce new low-carbon manufacturing model in order to solve a dilemma of mutual restraint between development and electric energy consumption. The paper presents an approach to solve JSP with the objective of minimizing the energy consumption by shortening the distance between electricity peak and valley according to theory of load shifting in electricity. The mathematical model is proposed for JSP with objective of minimizing the energy consumption and processing time of entire batch, then the idea of time division is introduced, and a solving method based on GA built-in eM-Plant is employed to verify the model and get satisfactory scheduling results.

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