COEFICIENTES DE CULTURA PARA O TOMATEIRO IRRIGADO

Irriga ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio José De Santana ◽  
Uander Da Costa Pereira ◽  
José Daniel Cambraia Beirigo ◽  
Stefany Silva De Souza ◽  
Talita Mendes Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Class A ◽  
Soil Water Tension ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Class A Pan

1 RESUMO Um dos métodos de manejo da irrigação mais utilizado é o tanque classe A, necessitando dos valores dos coeficientes de cultura para cálculo da evapotranspiração. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os coeficientes de cultura (Kc) do tomateiro irrigado para a região de Uberaba, MG. Os dados do balanço de água no solo foram obtidos em uma área experimental com a cultura em tratamentos envolvendo níveis de reposição de água no solo (40%, 70%, 100%, 130%, 160% e 190% da lâmina necessária para elevar a umidade do solo para a condição equivalente à capacidade de campo). Os dados de tensão de água no solo foram coletados nas parcelas de 100% de reposição. A evapotranspiração de referência foi obtida pelo método do tanque classe A e a evapotranspiração da cultura por meio do balanço da água no solo. Concluiu-se que os valores de Kc para as fases inicial, desenvolvimento, intermediário, final e colheita foram, respectivamente, de 0,37; 0,72; 1,03; 1,10 e 0,75. UNITERMOS: Lycopersicon esculentum L., coeficiente de cultura, déficit hídrico.  SANTANA, M.J.; PEREIRA, U.C.; BEIRIGO, J.D.C.; SOUZA, S.S.; CAMPOS, T.M.;VIEIRA, T.A. CROP COEFFICIENT FOR IRRIGATED TOMATO  2 ABSTRACT One of the most utilized irrigation management methods is the class A Pan, which requires crop coefficients to estimate crop evapotranspiration. The objective of this work was to determine crop coefficients  (Kc) of irrigated tomato in the region of Uberaba, MG. Soil water balance data were obtained in an experimental area with the culture under six levels of soil water replacement (40%, 70%, 100%, 130%, 160% and 190% of the depth necessary to raise the soil moisture to the field capacity condition). The soil water tension data were collected in plots of 100% replacement. The reference evapotranspiration was obtained by the class A Pan method and culture evapotranspiration was obtained utilizing soil water balance. Kc values for the initial, development, intermediate, final, and harvest phases were respectively of  0.37; 0.72; 1.03; 1.10 and 0.75. KEY- WORDS: LycopersiconesculentumL., crop coefficient, water deficit.

scholarly journals Actual evapotranspiration and crop coefficient of sweet orange during the initial development phase in the Rio Largo region, Alagoas

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Barros Silva ◽  
José Leonaldo de Souza ◽  
Ricardo Araújo Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Marcos Alex dos Santos ◽  
Renan Cantalice de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Inverse Modeling ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Water Balances

ABSTRACT: Determining actual crop evapotranspiration (ETa) is paramount for irrigation management. The principal measurement methods and physical models generally require crop and weather data that are not readily available. We determined the crop coefficient (Kc) of sweet oranges during the initial development stage and evaluated the performance of the Poulovassilis semi-empirical model coupled with a simple soil water balance for estimating the ETa. The ETa was inferred from the variation in the soil water content over time, measured by time-domain reflectometry. In the Poulovassilis model, the ETa is obtained by multiplying the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) by an adjustment coefficient (ca), which accounts for a reduction in the evapotranspiration caused by soil water depletion. Soil water storage was obtained using the daily and 10-day soil water balances, computed by considering inputs and outputs of water from the system. The empirical parameter, ca, was determined using inverse modeling. The optimal ca value obtained through inverse modeling was 0.05 and 0.03 for the daily and 10-day soil water balances, respectively. The model performed better for the daily soil water balance than the 10-day balance, with performance comparable with the other ETa models. Average Kc during the sweet orange initial crop stage was 0.85.

scholarly journals Crop Coefficients and Transpiration of a Super Intensive Arbequina Olive Orchard using the Dual Kc Approach and the Kcb Computation with the Fraction of Ground Cover and Height

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Paço ◽  
Paula Paredes ◽  
Luis Pereira ◽  
José Silvestre ◽  
Francisco Santos
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Olive Orchard

The SIMDualKc model was used to simulate crop water requirements for a super high density olive orchard in the region of Alentejo, Portugal. This model uses the dual crop coefficient approach to estimate and partitioning the actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc act) and therefore to perform the soil water balance. The model was calibrated with 2011 tree transpiration using trunk sap flow measurements and was validated using similar data from 2012 and tested with 2013 data. Low root mean square errors (RMSE < 0.53 mm·d−1) and acceptable modelling efficiency indicators (EF > 0.25) were obtained. Further validation was performed comparing modelled ETc act with eddy covariance measurements. These indicators support the appropriateness of using SIMDualKc to guide irrigation management. The basal crop coefficient (Kcb) curves obtained with SIMDualKc for those 3 years were compared with the Kcb values computed with the Allen and Pereira approach (A&P approach) where Kcb is estimated from the fraction of ground cover and plant height considering an adjustment factor for crop stomatal control (Fr). Fr values were obtained through a trial and error procedure through comparing the Kcb estimated with this approach and with SIMDualKc. The Kcb curves obtained by both methods resulted highly correlated, which indicates that the A&P approach may be used in the irrigation management practice to estimate crop water requirements. Results of performing the soil water balance with SIMDualKc have shown that soil evaporation is a large fraction of ETc act, varying between 41% and 45% for the 3 years under study. Irrigation, applied with a drip system, represented 39 to 56% of ETc act, which shows the great importance of irrigation to achieve the water requirements of super intensive olive orchards. Nevertheless, the analysis has shown that the irrigation management adopted at the orchard produces a water deficit larger than desirable, with a ratio of ETc act to non-stressed crop evapotranspiration (ETc) varying from 70% to 94% during the mid-season, when that ratio for a eustress irrigation management could be around 90%.

scholarly journals Validation of the ISAREG model for the irrigation management of the melon crop in the state of Ceará

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
Kleiton Rocha Saraiva ◽  
Francisco Marcus Lima Bezerra ◽  
Francisco de Souza ◽  
Luis de França Camboim Neto ◽  
Clayton Moura de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
The State ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Effective Depth ◽  
Soil Climate

The research aimed to validate the ISAREG model, introducing it to water management studies in irrigation in the State of Ceará, comparing results of experimental research, with results of simulations, carried out with the use of software, analyzing the following variables: crop evapotranspiration, variation of soil water storage and water flow in the soil. A bibliographic survey was carried out to obtain soil, climate and crop information required by the model to perform the soil water balance. Aiming at the validation of ISAREG, the model was fed with the following data: reference evapotranspiration, precipitation, phenological phases of the crop, effective depth of the root system, water availability factor in the soil, crop coefficient and soil information. Subsequently, the irrigation management option "dates and irrigation depths" was selected, and ISAREG performed the simulation of the soil water balance. The ISAREG demonstrated a detailed soil water balance, being validated in this study, because when its results were compared to the experimental ones, there was similarity in the trends of the variables analyzed, despite the reduced correlation verified regarding the variation of water storage in the soil.

scholarly journals Sugar cane crop coefficient by the soil water balance method

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 2407-2414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greco de Guimaraes Cardoso Gabriel ◽  
Campos de Oliveira Renato ◽  
Batista Teixeira Marconi ◽  
Sergio Dorneles Milton ◽  
Marcos Oliveira Domingos Romenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Water Balance Method

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Hybrid Reflectance-Based Crop Coefficient and Energy Balance Evapotranspiration Model for Irrigation Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Burdette Barker ◽  
Christopher M. U. Neale ◽  
Derek M. Heeren ◽  
Andrew E. Suyker
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Eddy Covariance ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Crop Coefficients

Abstract. Accurate generation of spatial soil water maps is useful for many types of irrigation management. A hybrid remote sensing evapotranspiration (ET) model combining reflectance-based basal crop coefficients (Kcbrf) and a two-source energy balance (TSEB) model was modified and validated for use in real-time irrigation management. We modeled spatial ET for maize and soybean fields in eastern Nebraska for the 2011-2013 growing seasons. We used Landsat 5, 7, and 8 imagery as remote sensing inputs. In the TSEB, we used the Priestly-Taylor (PT) approximation for canopy latent heat flux, as in the original model formulations. We also used the Penman-Monteith (PM) approximation for comparison. We compared energy balance fluxes and computed ET with measurements from three eddy covariance systems within the study area. Net radiation was underestimated by the model when data from a local weather station were used as input, with mean bias error (MBE) of -33.8 to -40.9 W m-2. The measured incident solar radiation appeared to be biased low. The net radiation model performed more satisfactorily when data from the eddy covariance flux towers were input into the model, with MBE of 5.3 to 11.2 W m-2. We removed bias in the daily energy balance ET using a dimensionless multiplier that ranged from 0.89 to 0.99. The bias-corrected TSEB ET, using weather data from a local weather station and with local ground data in thermal infrared imagery corrections, had MBE = 0.09 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.49 mm d-1) for PM and MBE = 0.04 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.18 mm d-1) for PT. The hybrid model used statistical interpolation to combine the two ET estimates. We computed weighting factors for statistical interpolation to be 0.37 to 0.50 for the PM method and 0.56 to 0.64 for the PT method. Provisions were added to the model, including a real-time crop coefficient methodology, which allowed seasonal crop coefficients to be computed with relatively few remote sensing images. This methodology performed well when compared to basal crop coefficients computed using a full season of input imagery. Water balance ET compared favorably with the eddy covariance data after incorporating the TSEB ET. For a validation dataset, the magnitude of MBE decreased from -0.86 mm d-1 (RMSE = 1.37 mm d-1) for the Kcbrf alone to -0.45 mm d-1 (RMSE = 0.98 mm d-1) and -0.39 mm d-1 (RMSE = 0.95 mm d-1) with incorporation of the TSEB ET using the PM and PT methods, respectively. However, the magnitudes of MBE and RMSE were increased for a running average of daily computations in the full May-October periods. The hybrid model did not necessarily result in improved model performance. However, the water balance model is adaptable for real-time irrigation scheduling and may be combined with forecasted reference ET, although the low temporal frequency of satellite imagery is expected to be a challenge in real-time irrigation management. Keywords: Center-pivot irrigation, ET estimation methods, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation scheduling, Irrigation water balance, Model validation, Variable-rate irrigation.

Computing Maize Crop Coefficients in the Port Harcourt area, Nigeria, using a Class a Pan Evaporimeter

1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Ayotamuno ◽  
A.J. Akor ◽  
S.C. Teme ◽  
E.W.U. Essiet ◽  
N.O. Isirimah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Crop Coefficient ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Class A ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
Class A Pan

Farmers in hot tropical climates know the importance of irrigation, but for irrigation to be used effectively the water requirement of the crop must be known. This is computed as the product of the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and the crop coefficient (Kc). While the PET can easily be obtained through various methods, including pan evaporimeters, the Kc in the Port Harcourt area for maize and other crops was not known. The main objective of this research, therefore, was to obtain maize crop coefficients at different stages of growth using non-weighing water table lysimeters and a class A pan. The estimated mean maize evapotranspiration (ET) values for the establishment, vegetative, pollination, and grain-filling stages were 29,98,84 and 98 mm, respectively. Values ranging from 0.18 to 1.08 were calculated for the mean crop coefficients for 10-day periods.

The soil water balance in a gragiaqualf and its effect on pasture growth in central New Zealand

Soil Research ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
DR Scotter ◽  
BE Clothier ◽  
MA Turner
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Irrigation Season ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Class A ◽  
Neutron Moisture ◽  
Priestley And Taylor Method

A water balance model for pasture is described, which takes into account the effect of soil water deficits on evapotranspiration. Data from small lysimeters were used to evaluate methods for the estimation of weather-controlled evapotranspiration from well-watered pasture. The relatively simple Priestley and Taylor method was found to be as accurate as the Penman method or the use of Class A pan data. Three years of computed water balance data were found to agree within 40 mm with the soil water deficits measured with a neutron moisture probe. The computed soil water balance was used to assess whether growth would occur on a given day, and to predict unirrigated pasture growth rates for the period December-April of each irrigation season. Predicted and measured pasture growth rates were in reasonable agreement, with the December-April growth rate on unirrigated pasture averaging only half that for irrigated pasture over the four years of the study.

scholarly journals Exploring the Use of Vegetation Indices for Validating Crop Transpiration Fluxes Computed with the MOHID-Land Model. Application to Vineyard

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Tiago B. Ramos ◽  
Lucian Simionesei ◽  
Ana R. Oliveira ◽  
Ramiro Neves ◽  
Hanaa Darouich
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Crop Coefficients

The success of an irrigation decision support system (DSS) much depends on the reliability of the information provided to farmers. Remote sensing data can expectably help validate that information at the field scale. In this study, the MOHID-Land model, the core engine of the IrrigaSys DSS, was used to simulate the soil water balance in an irrigated vineyard located in southern Portugal during three growing seasons. Modeled actual basal crop coefficients and transpiration rates were then compared with the corresponding estimates derived from the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) computed from Sentinel-2 imagery. On one hand, the hydrological model was able to successfully estimate the soil water balance during the monitored seasons, exposing the need for improved irrigation schedules to minimize percolation losses. On the other hand, remote sensing products found correspondence with model outputs despite the conceptual differences between both approaches. With the necessary precautions, those products can be used to complement the information provided to farmers for irrigation of vine crop, further contributing to the regular validation of model estimates in the absence of field datasets.

scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL WATER EXTRACTION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF DRIP-IRRIGATED TOMATO

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-678
Author(s):  
Alisson Silva ◽  
Valéria Almeida Jatobá ◽  
Francisco Airderson Lima Nascimento ◽  
Allan Radax Freitas Campos ◽  
Jilcélio Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Water Extraction ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Tomato Crop

THREE-DIMENSIONAL WATER EXTRACTION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF DRIP-IRRIGATED TOMATO     FRANCISCO AIRDESSON LIMA DO NASCIMENTO¹; ALISSON JADAVI PEREIRA DA SILA²; VALERIA ALMEIDA JATOBA³; ALLAN RADAX FREITAS CAMPOS4 E JILCÉLIO NUNES DE ALMEIDA³   1- Doutorando em Engenharia Agrícola pela Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB),  Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, 44.380-000, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected];   2- Professor Doutor do Intituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano (IF Baiano), Campus Governador Mangabeira, Rua Waldemar Mascarenhas, 656, Centro, 44350-000, Gov. Mangabeira, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected]; 3- Licenciado(a) em Ciências Agrárias pelo Intituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano (IF Baiano), Campus Senhor do Bonfim, Estrada da Igara, s/n, Zona Rural, 48970-000, Senhor do Bonfim, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected]; 4- Doutor em Engenharia Agrícola pela Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (URFB),  Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, Centro, 44.380-000, Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brasil, [email protected].     1 ABSTRACT   Soil water sensing is a common alternative for irrigation management. Due to the difficulty to determine the spatial-temporal variability of water extraction (WE) in the root zone of a crop it is still arbitrary the definition of number and position of water content sensors to be installed for irrigation management purposes. The main objectives of this work are to use Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to detail –  in three-dimensions – WE in the root zone of tomato plants cultivated in covered and uncovered soil; and, to evaluate if there are differences in the values of tomato crop evapotranspiration (ET) determined through soil water balance (SWB) with one, two, three and four TDR probe monitoring profiles. The study was carried out under semiarid condition. Tomatoes were grown in the field and two drainage lysimeters were installed in the center of cultivation area. In one lysimeter the soil surface was maintained uncovered, while in the other the soil surface was covered with a black plastic canvas. Eight TDR probes were installed within each lysimeter for the three-dimensional monitoring of soil water content (SWC). WE was estimated with SWC data. It was found that WE in tomato root zone is more intense in regions of greater water availability in the soil, i.e, on wet wet bulb formed inside the soil. There are no differences in the estimation of tomato crop evapotranspiration through soil water balance varying the position of two-dimensional soil water content monitoring. However, when soil water balance is performed in three-dimensions there may be large differences in daily tomato crop evapotranspiration estimation compared to the two-dimensional soil water balance.   Keywords: tomato, sensor placement, irrigation management.      NASCIMENTO, F.A. L.; SILVA, A. J.P.; JATOBA, V.A.;  CAMPOS, A.R.F.; ALMEIDA, J.N EXTRAÇÃO TRI-DIMENSIONAL DE ÁGUA NA ZONA RADICULAR DO TOMATEIRO IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO   2 RESUMO   O sensoriamento de água no solo é uma comum alternativa para o manejo da irrigação. Devido à dificuldade em se determinar a variabilidade espaço-temporal da extração de água na zona radicular dos cultivos, ainda é arbitrária a definição do número e posicionamento de sensores de água no solo a serem instalados para fins de manejo de irrigação. Diante disso, objetivou-se com o referido trabalho utilizar a Reflectometria no Domínio do Tempo (TDR) para detalhar, em três dimensões, a extração de água pelo tomateiro em cultivo com solo coberto e descoberto, e verificar se existem diferenças nos valores de evapotranspiração da cultura determinados pelo balanço de água no solo com um, dois, três e quatro perfis de monitoramento. O trabalho foi conduzido em condição semiárida nas fases de floração e frutificação da cultura. Montou-se um sistema de aquisição de dados, composto por uma TDR 100 e um datalogger modelo CR 800 para leitura e armazenamento de dados do conteúdo de água no solo. Dois lisímetros de drenagem foram instalados no centro de uma área de cultivo, sendo um mantido com a superfície do solo coberto com lona plástica. Em cada lisímetro, foram distribuídas oito sondas de TDR de modo a formar quatro perfis de monitoramento na zona radicular do tomateiro. A extração de água da zona radicular do tomateiro é mais intensa na região de maior disponibilidade de água, especificamente, na região do bulbo molhado. Não há diferença nos valores de evapotranspiração do tomateiro estimado variando-se a posição do perfil bi-dimensional. Entratanto, ao se comparar valores diários de evapotranspiração do tomateiro estimado com balanço de água no solo realizado em duas e três-dimensões, verificou-se haver  largas diferenças.   Palavras-chave: tomate, extração de água no solo, manejo da irrigação.

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