scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO DO MICROASPERSOR EM LINHA LATERAL E SIMULAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA DE SEU GRADIENTE DE ENERGIA

Irriga ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-747
Author(s):  
Madson Rafael Barbalho da Silva ◽  
Lívia Maria Cavalcante Silva ◽  
Ana Cláudia Davino dos Santos ◽  
Fabiano Simplicio Bezerra ◽  
Caio Sérgio Pereira de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discharge Coefficient ◽  
Algebraic Method ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Energy Gradient ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Micro Irrigation

AVALIAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO DO MICROASPERSOR EM LINHA LATERAL E SIMULAÇÃO MATEMÁTICA DE SEU GRADIENTE DE ENERGIA     MADSON RAFAEL BARBALHO DA SILVA1; LÍVIA MARIA CAVALCANTE SILVA1; ANA CLÁUDIA DAVINO DOS SANTOS1; FABIANO SIMPLICIO BEZERRA1; CAIO SÉRGIO PEREIRA DE ARAÚJO1 E MANASSÉS MESQUITA DA SILVA1   1 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos, 52171-900, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. E-mail:[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected].     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho do microaspersor Agropolo modelo MC20 em diferentes condições hidráulicas, gerando informações para um melhor dimensionamento de sistemas de microirrigação e manejo da água em áreas irrigadas. A condução do projeto hidráulico para simulação do gradiente de energia em linhas laterais, considerou-se informações determinadas através da escolha de componentes do projeto. Foram extraídos do catálogo comercial do fabricante os pares de valores referentes a vazão e a pressão e, a partir destes, gerou-se a curva vazão-pressão, onde a simulação foi feita pelo Método Algébrico - Christiansen (MA) e Método Iterativo (SBS) – Back-Step. Para ambos métodos o microaspersor se comportou de maneira semelhante, quando submetido a condições sugeridas pelo fabricante, num espaçamento entre emissores de 5,2 m, usando tubos de polietilenos de diâmetro interno de 13 mm e uma pressão de serviço de 20 mca, admitindo uma variação de 10% da pressão. Foram calculados os coeficientes de uniformidade de pressão (CUp) e de vazão (CUq), ambos com valores superiores à 95%, demonstrando a excelência no desempenho do emissor.   Palavras-chave: hidráulica, modelagem matemática, coeficiente de descarga.     SILVA, M. R. B.; SILVA, L. M. C.; SANTOS, A. C. D.; BEZERRA, F. S.; ARAUJO, C. S. P.; SILVA, M. M. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE SIDE LINE MICROSPARENT AND MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF ITS ENERGY GRADIENT     2 ABSTRACT   The objective was to evaluate the performance of the Agropolo model MC20 microsprinkler under different hydraulic conditions, generating information for a better design of micro-irrigation systems and water management in irrigated areas. The conduction of the hydraulic project to simulate the energy gradient in lateral lines, considered information determined through the choice of project components. The pairs of values ​​referring to flow and pressure were extracted from the manufacturer's commercial catalog and, from these, the flow-pressure curve was generated, where the simulation was performed using the Algebraic Method - Christiansen (MA) and Iterative Method (SBS) – Back-Step. For both methods, the microsprinkler behaved similarly, when subjected to conditions suggested by the manufacturer, in a spacing between emitters of 5.2 m, using polyethylene tubes with an internal diameter of 13 mm and a working pressure of 20 mca, admitting a 10% pressure variation. The uniformity of pressure (CUp) and flow (CUq) coefficients were calculated, both with values ​​above 95%, demonstrating the excellence in the performance of the emitter.   Keywords: hydraulic, mathematical modeling, discharge coefficient.

scholarly journals Theoretical basis and significance of the variance of discharge as a bidimensional variable for the design of lateral lines of micro-irrigation

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-569
Author(s):  
Euro Roberto Detomini ◽  
Brendan Power ◽  
José Antônio Frizzone
Keyword(s):  
Independent Random Variable ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Micro Irrigation

In order to support the theoretical basis and contribute to the improvement of educational capability issues relating to irrigation systems design, this point of view presents an alternative deduction of the variance of the discharge as a bidimensional and independent random variable. Then a subsequent brief application of an existing model is applied for statistical design of laterals in micro-irrigation. The better manufacturing precision of emitters allows lengthening a lateral for a given soil slope, although this does not necessarily mean that the statistical uniformity throughout the lateral will be more homogenous.

Study on Numerical Simulation and Performance of the Secondary Throttle Choke Used in the Oil Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1201-1204
Author(s):  
Hai Feng Zhao ◽  
Yan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Flow Changes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Main Factor

The numerical simulation method is adopted to calculate the flow field of the secondary throttle choke used in the oil field. The relationships among the flow of the secondary throttle choke, differential pressure and diameters are studied. The results of numerical simulation coincide with the experiment values, which verify that the method is correct. The results show that the flow increases with the increasing of differential pressure of the throttle choke at both ends, but the increment of the flow gradually decreases. The structure could maintain the flow not to change basically when differential pressure change in a certain scope. When the throttle diameter turns out to be small, the flow decreases, and flow-pressure curve gradually becomes aclinic. Compared with the first-class throttle diameter, the second-class throttle diameter is the main factor which effects flow changes.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Diaphragm Ultrasound in Detecting and Characterizing Patient–Ventilator Asynchronies during Noninvasive Ventilation

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1494-1502
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Vivier ◽  
Anne Fleur Haudebourg ◽  
Philippe Le Corvoisier ◽  
Armand Mekontso Dessap ◽  
Guillaume Carteaux
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Working Standard ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Electromyography Signals

Abstract Background Management of acute respiratory failure by noninvasive ventilation is often associated with asynchronies, like autotriggering or delayed cycling, incurred by leaks from the interface. These events are likely to impair patient’s tolerance and to compromise noninvasive ventilation. The development of methods for easy detection and monitoring of asynchronies is therefore necessary. The authors describe two new methods to detect patient–ventilator asynchronies, based on ultrasound analysis of diaphragm excursion or thickening combined with airway pressure. The authors tested these methods in a diagnostic accuracy study. Methods Fifteen healthy subjects were placed under noninvasive ventilation and subjected to artificially induced leaks in order to generate the main asynchronies (autotriggering or delayed cycling) at event-appropriate times of the respiratory cycle. Asynchronies were identified and characterized by conjoint assessment of ultrasound records and airway pressure waveforms; both were visualized on the ultrasound screen. The performance and accuracy of diaphragm excursion and thickening to detect each asynchrony were compared with a “control method” of flow/pressure tracings alone, and a “working standard method” combining flow, airway pressure, and diaphragm electromyography signals analyses. Results Ultrasound recordings were performed for the 15 volunteers, unlike electromyography recordings which could be collected in only 9 of 15 patients (60%). Autotriggering was correctly identified by continuous recording of electromyography, excursion, thickening, and flow/pressure tracings with sensitivity of 93% (95% CI, 89–97%), 94% (95% CI, 91–98%), 91% (95% CI, 87–96%), and 79% (95% CI, 75–84%), respectively. Delayed cycling was detected by electromyography, excursion, thickening, and flow/pressure tracings with sensitivity of 84% (95% CI, 77–90%), 86% (95% CI, 80–93%), 89% (95% CI, 83–94%), and 67% (95% CI, 61–73%), respectively. Conclusions Ultrasound is a simple, bedside adjustable, clinical tool to detect the majority of patient–ventilator asynchronies associated with noninvasive ventilation leaks, provided that it is possible to visualize the airway pressure curve on the ultrasound machine screen. Ultrasound detection of autotriggering and delayed cycling is more accurate than isolated observation of pressure and flow tracings, and more feasible than electromyogram. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

scholarly journals A proposal of multiplace hyperbaric chamber for animal experimentation and veterinary use

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício Valandro Rech ◽  
Djalma José Fagundes ◽  
Reginaldo Hermanson ◽  
Henri Chaplin Rivoire ◽  
Anna Luiza Negrini Fagundes
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Hyperbaric Chamber ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Master Cylinder ◽  
A36 Steel ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Human Use

PURPOSE: To develop a project of hyperbaric chamber that allows its safe and reliable use in veterinary and animal experimentation. METHODS: Based on the technical specifications for the construction of hyperbaric chambers for human beings, it has been developed a design of a chamber with dimensions and characteristics for the use of a midsize animal, (dog or pig), as well as a multiple chamber for the use in small animals (mice, rats, hamsters, rabbits or cats). The technical specifications allowed that the chamber could be used both for veterinary use and for use in experiments on Health Sciences. RESULTS: A chamber with the following characteristics was built: ASTM A36 steel for the manufacture of the master cylinder and rear cover; front door built in 5052 aluminum; internal diameter of 50.5 cm and 83.0 cm in length; weight 160Kg and internal area of 150cm³; internal space to accommodate 2 acrylic baskets; 150mm high, 280mm wide and 690mm in length. It was capable of supporting a maximum of hydrostatic pressure test of 3.0 to 4.0 BAR ACT and maximum working pressure of 2.0 BAR or 3.0 ACT; equipped with security devices and valves that triggers with load of 2.2 BAR or 3.2 ACT. Tests for engineering and biological use on animals showed the effectiveness of the device. CONCLUSION: The development of the project enabled the construction of a hyperbaric chamber with security features and reliability comparable to those required by the legal and technical specifications of a hyperbaric chamber human use.

scholarly journals Methodology for designing lateral lines with microtubes operated under variable inlet pressure

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 594-599
Author(s):  
Geancarlo T. Katsurayama ◽  
Ezequiel Saretta ◽  
Antonio P. de Camargo ◽  
Tarlei A. Botrel ◽  
Conan A. Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lateral Lines ◽  
Alternative Power ◽  
Distribution Uniformity ◽  
Micro Irrigation

ABSTRACT Design of lateral lines consisting of microtubes enables to optimize water distribution uniformity. In addition, there must exist a range of pressures at the lateral line inlet in which the water distribution uniformity remains acceptable. Thus, such emitters are interesting for use in micro-irrigation systems supplied by alternative power sources, in which temporal variability in the electrical power supplied to the pumping systems normally occurs. This study presents a methodology for designing lateral lines with microtubes operated under varying pressure, using the step-by-step method in order to establish the recommended range of lateral line inlet pressures. The proposed methodology was validated over three replicates by testing maximum, minimum and optimum pressures. Deviation between estimated and observed values of flow rate was lower than 6%, indicating a satisfactory accuracy. Distribution uniformity of the system was higher than 95% under all pressures within the estimated range of values. Lateral lines can operate within a wide range of operating pressures and even so satisfactory results of distribution uniformity are obtained.

Discussion on Operation Mode of Long Distances Gravity-Fed Pressure Diversion Project

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 7125-7130
Author(s):  
Man Lin Zhu ◽  
Yan He Zhang ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Operation Mode ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Pipe Length ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Fluid Transients ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Better Than

The characteristics of long distance gravity-fed pressure water-conveying projects are long pipe length, huge changes in rise and down of pipeline arrangement, and complex hydraulic conditions. It is the water hammer that mainly influences the safe operation of such projects. Based on a real long distance gravity-fed pressure water conveying pipeline system, fluid transients processes under different operation modes were analyzed by using the method of characteristics. The pipeline longitudinal arrangement is high in two ends and low in the middle part. The research puts forward that for such pipeline arrangement using valve set in the midway of the pipeline to control the system is evidently better than that of valve at the downstream end of pipeline. In this way, pipeline working pressure can be effectively reduced, in turn, the pipe pressure grade can be decreased and the investment of the project can be reduced.

scholarly journals Field performance evaluation of micro irrigation systems in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zamaniyan ◽  
R. Fatahi ◽  
S. Boroomand-Nasab
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Bacterial Number ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Micro Irrigation

The efforts to introduce the micro irrigation system in Iran go back as far as the year 1990. The area under micro irrigation system in Iran covers about 400 000 ha and it is estimated to double (800 000 ha) during the next five years. The field performance of micro irrigation systems was studied in ten Iranian sites. Physical, chemical, and biological analyses of water samples derived from each site included pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), Fe, Mn, Mg, Ca, and bacterial number (BN). In this study relative emitter discharge (R), percentage of completely clogged emitters (P<sub>clog</sub>), emission uniformity (EU), absolute uniformity emission (EU<sub>a</sub>), statistical uniformity (Us), coefficient of variation due to emitter performance in the field (V<sub>pf</sub>), and sector emission uniformity (EUs) were evaluated. Results showed that performance of micro irrigation systems in Iran is low and poor. Average EU, Us, and V<sub>pf</sub> values in different sites were 52.8, 61.3, and 38.2%, respectively. Most frequent problems detected in irrigation units were: inadequate working pressure, emitters clogging, and lacking farmers&rsquo; training.

Study on the Correct of Oil Temperature in Wet DCT Gearshift

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 524-529
Author(s):  
Wei Sun ◽  
Zhe Ning ◽  
Jin Ma ◽  
Guo Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Temperature Correction ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Pressure Curve ◽  
Hydraulic Control ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hydraulic Control System

In this paper, a dynamics model for DCT shifting process has been built to analyze the clutch hydraulic control system and make the clutch pressure curve with the affection of temperature. Correction for temperature control system reduces the impact degrees and the friction power even solves the "runaway" phenomenon. Experiment achieves the precise working pressure adjustment of the clutch.

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