scholarly journals Influence of matrix nature on the functional efficacy of biomedical cell product for the regeneration of damaged liver (experimental model of acute liver failure)

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-89
Author(s):  
S. V. Gautier ◽  
M. Yu. Shagidulin ◽  
N. A. Onishchenko ◽  
I. M. Iljinsky ◽  
V. I. Sevastianov
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nanostructured Composite ◽  
Hydrogel Matrix ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time

Aim. A comparative analysis of the functional efficacy of biomedical cell products (BMCP) for the regeneration of damaged liver based on biopolymer scaffolded porous and hydrogel matrices was performed on the experimental model of acute liver failure. Materials and methods. Matrices allowed for clinical use were employed for BMCP in the form of a sponge made from biopolymer nanostructured composite material (BNCM) based on a highly purified bacterial copolymers of poly (β-hydroxybutyrate-co-β-oxyvalerate) and polyethylene glycol and a hydrogel matrix from biopolymer microheterogeneous collagen-containing hydrogel (BMCH). Cellular component of BMCP was represented by liver cells and multipotent mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells. The functional efficacy of BMCP for the regeneration of damaged liver was evaluated on the experimental model of acute liver failure in Wistar rats (n = 40) via biochemical, morphological, and immunohistochemical methods. Results. When BMCP was implanted to regenerate the damaged liver on the basis of the scaffolded BNCM or hydrogel BMCH matrices, the lethality in rats with acute liver failure was absent; while in control it was 66.6%. Restoration of the activity of cytolytic enzyme levels and protein-synthetic liver function began on day 9 after modeling acute liver failure, in contrast to the control group, where recovery occurred only by days 18–21. Both matrices maintained the viability and functional activity of liver cells up to 90 days with the formation of blood vessels in BMCP. The obtained data confirm that scaffolded BNCM matrix and hydrogel BMCH matrix retain for a long time (up to 90 days) the vital activity of the adherent cells in the BMCP composition, which allows using them to correct acute liver failure. At the same time, hydrogel matrix due to the presence of bioactive components contributes to the creation of the best conditions for adhesion and cell activity which accelerate the regeneration processes in the damaged liver compared to BMCP on scaffolded matrix. Conclusion. A statistically significant difference was found between the functional efficacy of the BMCP studied based on BNCM and BMCH matrices. BMCP based on hydrogel BMCH matrix was more effective for the regeneration of damaged liver.

scholarly journals The Protective Effects of a Modified Xiaohua Funing Decoction against Acute Liver Failure in Mice Induced by D-Gal and LPS

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jindong Zhao ◽  
Lili Liu ◽  
Ling Xin ◽  
Yunxia Lu ◽  
Xiaojun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lps Treatment

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a modified Xiaohua Funing decoction (Xfd) on acute liver failure (ALF) and determine whether the protective mechanisms are related to alterations in the gut microbiota. Methods. An animal model of ALF was induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine (D-Gal, 0.5 g/kg) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 μg/kg). Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the following 4 groups: the control group (saline, Con), model group (D-Gal/LPS, Mod), silymarin pretreatment group (200 mg/kg, Sil), and modified Xfd pretreatment group (650 mg/kg, Xfd). The Sil and Xfd groups received the respective intervention orally for 14 days and 2 h before D-Gal/LPS treatment. The liver injury markers included alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and liver histology. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to assess the effects on the caecum content. Results. D-Gal/LPS treatment caused severe ALF, illustrating that the ALF model was successfully established. The administration of Sil and Xfd greatly reduced the serum ALT and AST levels and improved the pathological signs of liver injury. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups. In contrast to the Mod group, the Sil and Xfd groups showed a shift toward the Con group in terms of the gut microbiota structure. The abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio in the Mod group significantly differed from those in the Con group. The Sil and Xfd groups showed restoration of the disordered microbiota. Significantly increased relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Candidatus_Saccharimonas and a markedly decreased Muribaculaceae abundance were found in the Sil and Xfd mice compared with those in the Mod mice ( P < 0.01 , P < 0.05 ). Interestingly, a negative correlation was observed between the abundances of the gut microbiota constituents, specifically Clostridia_UCG-014, and ALT and AST levels. Conclusion. In summary, our results indicate that Xfd may protect the liver and modify the gut microbiota in ALF mice.

Haemodynamic changes in ischaemic vs. anhepatic pig experimental model of acute liver failure

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Theodoraki ◽  
G. Kostopanagiotou ◽  
V. Smyrniotis ◽  
N. Arkadopoulos ◽  
A. Prachalias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes

Mycophenolate Mofetil and Sirolimus in Hepatocyte Transplantation in an Experimental Model of Toxic Acute Liver Failure

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Loukopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Sfiniadakis ◽  
Andrew Pillai ◽  
Manousos Konstantoulakis ◽  
Georgios Androulakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Hepatocyte Transplantation

scholarly journals ACTION OF VITAMIN E ON EXPERIMENTAL SEVERE ACUTE LIVER FAILURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Moraes MIGUEL ◽  
Elizângela Gonçalves SCHEMITT ◽  
Josieli Raskopf COLARES ◽  
Renata Minuzzo HARTMANN ◽  
Maria Isabel MORGAN-MARTINS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Liver Functions ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Hepatocyte Necrosis ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Severe Acute Liver Failure (ALF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by hepatocyte necrosis, loss of hepatic architecture, and impairment of liver functions. One of the main causes of ALF is hepatotoxicity from chemical agents, which damage hepatocytes and result in increase of reactive oxygen species. The vitamin E isoform is the one with the strongest biological antioxidant activity. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant effect of vitamin E in this ALF model. METHODS We used 56 rats (mean weight of 300 g) divided into eight groups, four groups assessed at 24 hours and 4 assessed at 48 hours after induction: control group (CO); Vitamin E (Vit. E); Thioacetamide (TAA) and Thioacetamide + Vitamina E (TAA+Vit.E). Rats were submitted to injections of thioacetamide (400 mg/kg i.p.) at baseline and 8 hours later. Vitamin E (100 mg/kg ip) was administered 30 minutes after the second dose of thioacetamide. The 48-hour group rats received two additional doses of vitamin E (24h and 36h). At 24h or 48 hours after the administration of the first dose of TAA, rats were weighed and anesthetized and their blood sampled for evaluation of liver integrity through enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Liver tissue was sampled for assessment of lipid peroxidation (LPO) by the technique TBARS, antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activity, levels of the NO 2 /NO 3 and histology by H&E in two times. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls, with P <0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS After treatment with vitamin E, we observed a reduction in liver enzymes AST (U/L) (101.32±19.45 in 24 hours and 97.85±29.65 in 48 hours) related to the TAA group (469.56± 0.69 in 24 hours and 598.23±55.45 in 48 hours) and ALT (U/L) (76.59±8.56 in 24 hours and 68.47±6.49 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (312.21±10.23 in 24 hours and 359.15±17.58 in 48 hours). There was a reduction of LPO (nmol/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (0.77±0.07 in 24 hours and 0.95±0.08 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (1.50±0.07 in 24 hours e 1.65±0.16 in 48 hours). SOD decreased in the TAA+Vit.E group (49.48±9.47 in 24 hours and 62.45±18, 47 in 48 hours), related to the TAA group (98.46±15.48 in 24 hours and 154.13±21.46 in 48 hours), as well as GST (nmol/min/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (350.57±36.93 in 24 hours and 453.29±13.84 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (561.57±64.56 in 24 hours and 673.43±38.13 in 48 hours). There was an increase in CAT (pmol/min/mg Prot) in the TAA+Vit.E group (3.40±0.44 in 24 hours and 3.0±0.35 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (1.65±0.21 in 24 hours and 1.86±0.42 in 48 hours). The GPx (nmol/min/mg Prot) increased in 24 hours in the TAA+Vit.E group (1.01±0.16) compared to the TAA group (0.41±0.04) and decreased in 48 hours (1.19±0.17) compared to the TAA group (1.76±0.21). There was a reduction in NO2/NO3 (mmol/L) levels in the TAA+Vit.E group (31.47±4.26 in 24 hours and 38.93±5.20 in 48 hours) compared to the TAA group (49.37±5.12 in 24 hours and 53.53±5.97 in 48 hours). The histopathological evaluation showed a decrease in liver injury (necrosis and inflammation) in both studied times. CONCLUSION These results suggest that vitamin E was able to protect the liver from lesions caused by thioacetamide.

scholarly journals Five-day outcome of hepatitis E-induced acute liver failure in the ICU

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debashis Chowdhury ◽  
Farhana Mahmood ◽  
Cathryn Edwards ◽  
Simon D. Taylor-Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Poor Country ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Additional Risk Factor ◽  
List Type ◽  
Igm Antibody ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
King’S College Criteria

Abstract Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in Bangladesh with pregnant mothers being more vulnerable. As HEV occurs in epidemics, it limits medical capabilities in this resource-poor country. Cerebral oedema, resulting in raised intracranial pressure (ICP), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Practical treatments are currently few. To study the baseline characteristics and clinical outcome of HEV-induced ALF in a recent HEV epidemic To detect raised ICP clinically and observe response to mannitol infusion. This was a prospective cohort study from June until August 2018 of 20 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of a major Bangladeshi Referral Hospital with HEV-induced ALF. We diagnosed HEV infection by detecting serum anti-HEV IgM antibody. All were negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis A IgM antibody. Data were collected on 5-day outcome after admission to ICU, monitoring all patients for signs of raised ICP. An intravenous bolus of 20% mannitol was administered at a single time point to patients with raised ICP. Results Twenty patients were included in the study. Ten (50%) patients, seven (70%) females, received mannitol infusion. HE worsened in eight (40%): seven female and three pregnant. Glasgow Coma scores deteriorated in six (30%): all (100%) females and three pregnant. Consciousness status was not significantly different between pregnant and non-pregnant subjects, nor between those who received mannitol and those who did not. Six patients met King’s College Criteria for liver transplantation. Conclusions Female patients had a worse outcome, but pregnancy status was not an additional risk factor in our cohort. Mannitol infusion was also not associated with a significant difference in outcome.

scholarly journals Vitamin D-Binding Protein (Gc-Globulin) in Acute Liver Failure in Children

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
Alina Grama ◽  
Lucia Burac ◽  
Cornel Olimpiu Aldea ◽  
Bogdan Bulata ◽  
Dan Delean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Poor Outcomes

This study aimed to analyse vitamin D-binding protein (Gc-globulin) serum levels in acute liver failure (ALF) in children in relation to disease outcomes and correlations with other known markers used to evaluate the severity of ALF. Our study included 34 children (mean age 4.87 ± 5.30 years) with ALF of different causes (metabolic, 26.47%; autoimmune, 23.53%; toxic, 20.59%; infection, 17.65%; unknown, 11.76%) and 30 children without any liver injury (mean age 6.11 ± 4.26 years). The outcome was poor in 14 patients (41.18%), including one child with liver transplantation (2.94%). Serum Gc-globulin levels were significantly lower in ALF patients compared to the control group (151.57 ± 171.8 mg/L vs. 498.63 ± 252.50 mg/L; p < 0.000001), with an optimum cut-off of 163.5 mg/L (Area Under the Curve, AUC, 0.8921; sensitivity, 76.50%; specificity, 100%). Levels were also lower in patients with poor outcomes compared to survivors (59.34 ± 33.73 mg/L vs. 216.12 ± 199.69 mg/L; p < 0.0001), with an optimum cut-off 115 mg/L (AUC, 0.7642; sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 50%). Gc-globulin serum levels were variable according to ALF aetiology, i.e., lower in metabolic, infectious, or unknown causes compared to autoimmune and toxic causes. Gc-globulin serum levels were decreased in children with ALF and lower in those with poor outcomes compared with survivors. Gc-globulin serum levels were correlated with other known parameters used to evaluate the severity of ALF and could help to identify patients at high risk for poor outcomes.

Effects of larazotide acetate, a tight junction regulator, on the liver and intestinal damage in acute liver failure in rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110588
Author(s):  
Ali Riza Caliskan ◽  
Mehmet Gul ◽  
Ismet Yılmaz ◽  
Baris Otlu ◽  
Nuray Uremis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Intestinal Damage ◽  
Intestinal Histology ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Ammonia

Background and Aim The epithelial cells are the strongest determinants of the physical intestinal barrier. Tight junctions (TJs) hold the epithelial cells together and allow for selective paracellular permeability. Larazotide acetate (LA) is a synthetic octapeptide that reduces TJ permeability by blocking zonulin receptors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of LA, a TJ regulator, on the liver and intestinal histology in the model of acute liver failure (ALF) in rats. Materials and Methods The thioacetamide (TAA) group received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 300 mg/kg TAA for 3 days. The TAA+LA(dw) (drinking water) group received prophylactic 0.01 mg/mL LA orally for 7 days before the first dose of TAA. The LA(dw) group received 0.01 mg/mL LA orally. The TAA + LA(g) (gavage) group received prophylactic 0.01 mg/mL LA via oral gavage for 7 days before the first dose of TAA. The LA(g) group received 0.01 mg/mL LA via oral gavage. While liver tissue was evaluated only with light microscopy, intestinal samples were examined with light and electron microscopy. Results Serum ammonia, AST, and ALT levels in the TAA group were significantly higher than in control groups (all p < 0.01). Serum ALT levels in the TAA + LA(dw) group were significantly lower than in the TAA group ( p < 0.05). However, serum ammonia and ALT levels did not differ between the TAA and other groups. Serious liver damage in the TAA group was accompanied by marked intestinal damage. There was no significant difference between the TAA and TAA + LA(dw) groups and TAA and TAA + LA(g) groups for liver damage scores. However, intestinal damage scores significantly decreased in the TAA + LA(dw) group compared to the TAA group. In the TAA + LA(dw) group, fusion occurred between the surface epithelial cells of neighboring villi and connecting regions formed as epithelial bridges between the villi. Conclusion Our findings suggest that LA reduced intestinal damage by acting on TJs in the TAA-induced ALF model in rats.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemberian jus jeruk manis (citrus sinensis.) terhadap nilai VO2 max atlet sepak bola di Gendut Dony Training Camp (GDTC) Salatiga

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
Sofia Arum Andani ◽  
Nurmasari Widyastuti
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Camp ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Subject Characteristic ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Time

Background : Endurance is the ability of  the body to perform activities or work for a long time without experiencing fatigue. Based on using of energy systems, endurance is divided into aerobic and anaerobic. Aerobic endurance is measured using VO2max value. Aerobic endurance is supported by the availability of carbohydrates and fats. Intake of carbohydrates as much as 30-60 grams/hour can maintain glucose levels and maintain the level of burning carbohydrates in the body, so it can improve the endurance about 30-60 minutes. Carbohydrate content in 300 ml of sweet orange juice is 54,9 grams that can be used to increase endurance atheletes. Objective : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of orange juice on VO2max value  in football athletes. Method : This study was in the field of  experimental design with post test only with controlled group design.  Subject for these study were tweenty-one football athletes which are match with inclusion criteria in Gendut Dony Training Camp (GDTC) Salatiga. The Subject has given 300 ml orange juice and 300 ml placebo 30 minutes before test. VO2max value was measured by using Balke running test. All datas were analyzed by Independent Sample T-tes. Result : Subject characteristic includes age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and total food intake were not showing significant difference (p<0,05), therefore subject were categorized as homogen. Significant difference was showed in average of  VO2max value between the treatment group (43,67±2,26) and control group (39,33±4,39). Conclusion : Consumption of orange juice 30 minutes before exercising shows a significant impact to increase the VO2max value.

scholarly journals Metabonomic Study on the Antidepressant-Like Effects of Banxia Houpu Decoction and Its Action Mechanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhanqiang Ma ◽  
Weiwei Ji ◽  
Rong Qu ◽  
Mingyan Wang ◽  
Wen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Action Mechanism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites

The aim of this study was to establish an experimental model for metabonomic profiles of the rat’s brain and then to investigate the antidepressant effect of Banxia Houpu decoction (BHD) and its possible mechanisms. Behavioral research and metabonomics method based on UPLC-MS were used to assess the efficacy of different fractions of BHD on chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model of depression. There was a significant difference between the BHD group and the model group. Eight endogenous metabolites, which are contributing to the separation of the model group and control group, were detected, while BHD group regulated the perturbed metabolites showing that there is a tendency of recovery compared to control group. Therefore, we think that those potential metabolite biomarkers have some relationship with BHD’s antidepression effect. This work appraised the antidepressant effect of Banxia Houpu decoction as well as revealing a metabonomics method, a valuable parameter in the TCM research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document