scholarly journals Effect of digestate from anaerobic digestion on Sorghum bicolor L. production and circular economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12270
Author(s):  
Vera POPOVIĆ ◽  
Nikola RAKASCAN ◽  
Gordana DRAZIC ◽  
Jelena MILOVANOVIC ◽  
Ljubisa ZIVANOVIC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The aim of the research was determination the efficiency of application 50 t ha-1 digestate from the process of anaerobic digestion on the productivity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) on moderately degraded (calcic gleysol) and fertile (chernozem) agricultural land, in southern Banat, Republic of Serbia. In the field experiment during three years digestate amendment led to an increase in the number of leaves by 28.56% and plant height by 5.34%, which led to an increase in yield by 3.40%. The maximum yield was 2018 (41.74 DM t ha-1) on chernozem. The yield of sorghum was lower on calcic gleysol compared to chernozem by 5.43% and was in positive, medium and very significant dependence on precipitation (0.61) and in positive significant correlation with digestate (0.53) and plant height (0.59). Biogas yield reach 157.05 Nm3 t-1 (9582 Nm3 ha-1) on chernozem with digestate. Digestate had a statistically significant positive effect on all tested characteristics of sorghum as well as biogas yield during all three experimental years. The use of digestate as a by-product in the process of producing biogas based on silage of sorghum, allows the substitution of mineral fertilizers and remediation of damaged soil, which contributes to sustainability from the bio-economic and environmental aspects.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen on Growth and Yield of Sorghum Forage (Sorghum Bicolor ( L.) Moench Cv.) under Three Cuttings System

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Afzal ◽  
A. Ahmad ◽  
Au.H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growth Attributes ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Abstract A field experiment was conducted on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench cv.) under three cutting system to determine the effect of nitrogen on growth and yield at University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan, during the season 2010-2011. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), using three replications. There were four levels of nitrogen 0, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/acre in the form of urea. The growth parameters like plant height, number of leaves, leaf area is determined periodically. First reading taken after 20 days of sowing while second and third was taken after 15 days of first cutting. Yield parameter like plant population, fresh and dry weight was determined in three cuttings. Results showed that increasing nitrogen dose increased all growth attributes. Results revealed for first, second and third cuttings showed significant differences at all growth attributes. Thus, the maximum plant height was observed in N4 (100 kg N/acre), having plant height 193.92, 195.24 and 192.79 cm in first, second and third cutting, respectively, which was followed by the treatment N3 (75 kg N/acre), having 179.70 cm in first cutting, while second and third cutting have same plant height 168.62 cm. The exception was the plant population showed non significant behavior in second and third cutting while number of leaves per plant in second cutting only and protein % in third cutting showed non significant difference with nitrogen application.

scholarly journals GROWTH PARAMETERS AND FORAGE YIELD OF TWO GRAIN SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) VARIETIES UNDER DIFFERENT PLANTING DATES AND AGES OF HARVEST IN SHIKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-322
Author(s):  
Bello M. Munza ◽  
M. R. Hassan ◽  
R. J. Tanko ◽  
S. M. Yashim ◽  
T. J. Abashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Forage Yields ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

To determine the influence of sorghum variety, planting dates and ages of harvest on growth parameters and forage yield of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in Shika, Nigeria, an experiment was conducted in split plots in the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Nigeria. The experimental treatments comprised of two sorghum varieties (SAMSORG-16 as V1 and SAMSORG-17 as V2), three planting dates (15th June, 30th June and 14th July as P1, P2 and P3) and three ages of harvest (6, 10 and 14 weeks after sowing as C1, C2 and C3), respectively. Results showed that plant height of sorghum bicolor significantly (P<0.05) differed between variety with higher values in Samsorg-16. Plant height, number of leaves and leaf area index (LAI) decreased (P<0.05) from 15th June to 14th July planting date. However, there was a significant increasing trend (P<0.05) in these parameters as ages of harvest advanced from 6 to 14 week after sowing (WAS). Significant (P<0.05) interaction effect between variety and planting date was observed for plant height.  Similarly, significant (P<0.05) interaction effect was observed in the number of leaves and LAI. There was non-significant (P>0.05) effect of variety on fresh and dry forage yields. Fresh and dry forage yields declined from 54.73 and 10.49 t/ha to 30.72 and 6.11 t/ha from 15th June to 14th July planting dates, respectively. Whereas fresh and dry forage yields increased from 12.22 and 1.37 t/ha to 58.94 and 14.47 t/ha as ages of harvest increased from 6 to 14 WAS,  

scholarly journals Anaerobic digestion of mixed dried fallen leaves by mixing with cow dung

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rouf ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
T Rabeya ◽  
Ak Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Biogas Reactors ◽  
Biogas Reactor ◽  
Fallen Leaves

An investigation was carried out for the production of biogas from dry fallen leaves. The sample was collected from BCSIR campus of Dhaka in winter. The substrate was mixed leaves mainly mahogany (75%), eucalyptus (10 %) and rain tree (15 %) leaves. The study was carried out by whole leaves and crushed leaves directly followed by aerobic pretreatment at 8% total solid (TS) concentration. The raw materials were fed into two liter capacity glass bottle bio digester on batch basis for 60 days at ambient temperature. Different proportion of substrate and cow dung were mixed to get the optimum mix for maximum yield of biogas. The biogas reactor containing 6% crushed and pretreated leaves mixed with 2% cow dung (on 8% TS basis) gave maximum (0.199 l/g) biogas yield. The biogas yield from leaves without pretreatment was found to be too low (0.0106 l/g) for 8%. The COD reduction, VS reduction and methane composition of two biogas reactors have been determined where biogas yield were relatively higher. The maximum methane content of the biogas was found to be about 69.3%.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(3), 163-168, 2015

scholarly journals Effect of Thermal Pretreatment on the Yield of Biogas from Microcoleous Vaginatus

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 250-256
Author(s):  
M. Haruna ◽  
O.R. Momoh ◽  
S. Bilal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Made In

Biomass is being looked upon as one of the promising renewable energy sources for the future, with growing interest in microalgae conversion into biogas through anaerobic digestion. Recently, the ability of microalgae to treat waste water has doubled its potentials material today. However, in spite of the progress made in that regards, there are still challenges of algae conversion to biofuel, due to the presence of complex cell wall in some algae. Cell wall inhibits bacteria growth during degradation. In this research work 10 grams of Microcoleous vaginatus was treated in an oven at varying temperatures of 70, 75 and 80 oC for an hour, out of which 4 g was measured into 250 ml serum bottle for digestion at mesophilic temperature of 37 oC. Based on the results of proximate analysis, 69%increase in carbohydrate was attained with 72.7 – 148% reduction in moisture content. The biogas yield of untreated sample was 4.36 mLg−1 VS, while, pretreated samples at 70, 75 and 80 ℃ produced 8.39, 9.07 and 9.38 mLg−1VS (volatile solid) of biogas. This  corresponds to 92, 108 and 115% higher than that of untreated samples. However, thermal treatment of M. vaginatus prior to digestion show positive effect on carbohydrate extraction and enhanced biogas and methane yield as well. Therefore, this makes the substrate a good feedstock for biogas production. Keywords: Biomass, pretreatment, thermal, anaerobic digestion, degradation, Microcoleous vaginatus.

scholarly journals Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. p29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justice K. Rono ◽  
Erick K. Cheruiyot ◽  
Jacktone O. Othira ◽  
Virginia W. Njuguna
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Cane Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.

scholarly journals THE URBAN FARMING DENGAN HIDROPONIK MENGGUNAKAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KANGKUNG

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yasinta Ratna Esti Wulandari ◽  
Anastasia Tatik Hartanti ◽  
Bernard Atviano
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Urban Farming ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Spinach Plant ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Plant Yields ◽  
Positive Effect

Urban farming activities with hydroponics techniques is one of the positive activities that can improve the creativity of people in urban areas. Urban farming activities can help improve the quality of people's lives, the environment, and play a role in maintaining food security. The study consisted of independent variables consisting of several groups, namely control (AB-Mix), 0.5 ppm of IAA (Indole Acetic Acid), BAP (Benzyl Adenine Purine) 0.5 and 1.0 ppm, and combination of IAA / BAP 0.5 /1.0 ppm. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of these treatments on water spinach plant yields that include leaves number, plant height, antioxidant content, and water content. The results of morphological growth showed that treatment with IAA 0.5 ppm was the most optimal while treatment with 1.0 ppm BAP had the average of the shortest plant height, the average number of leaves at least, and the shortest root length average. While the chlorophyll test showed that the system unit with the treatment of 0.5 ppm IAA had the highest total chlorophyll content with an average of 9.55 μg/ml. From the overall result, it can be assumed that the IAA of 0.5 ppm has the most positive effect on water spinach among other treatments.

scholarly journals Increasing Shallot Production in Marginal Land Using Mulches and Coconut Husk Fertilizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Sri Anjar Lasmini ◽  
Rosmini Rosmini ◽  
Irwan Lakani ◽  
Nur Hayati ◽  
Burhanuddin Haji Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Bulb Yield

The study aimed to obtain the type of mulch and the doses of liquid organic fertilizer proper waste coconut husks in modifying microclimate around crops to obtain the maximum yield of shallot in the dryland. The research was used a factorial randomized complete block design consisting of two factors. The first factor consisting mulches, M1 = silver-black plastic mulch and M2 = straw mulch. The dose of liquid organic fertilizer from coconut husks was the second factor. It is consisting of S0 = without fertilizer, S1 = 500 L ha-1, S2 = 750 L ha-1 and S3 = 1000 L ha-1. The results showed that the application of a combination of mulch and liquid organic fertilizer coconut husk waste significantly affected plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of tillers, and the bulb yield. Straw mulch with coconut husks waste dose of 1000 L ha-1 resulted in plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of tillers and highest bulb yield compared with other treatments. The highest bulb yield was obtained with 9.63 t ha-1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Response of Sorghum to Tillage Systems and Nitrogen Fertilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Marwan Ramadhan ◽  
Sadiq Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

In the subtropical semi-arid zones, sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) productivity is limited by numerous constraints. Relatively few studies have been conducted to measure the response of grain sorghum varieties to tillage and nitrogen. For sustainable crop production, selected tillage practice and fertilizer application are important. Field experiments were conducted at Al Qurna (QL), 74 km northwest Basrah province and Shatt al-Arab (SHL) and 17 km east Basrah province. A randomized complete block design, arranged in a split-split plot, was used with three replications. The tillage system was no tillage (NT), reduced tillage (RT), and conventional tillage (CT), while sorghum varieties were Inqadh, Rabih, and Cavire 2, and four levels of N fertilizer, viz., 0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1. The objective of research was to evaluate two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) varieties to tillage system and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. The application of tillage was shown to enhance the growth of sorghum as observed in the plant height, leaf area, number of grains panicle−1, 1000-grain weight, yield, biomass yield, and root dry matter. CT surpassed the other treatments for all studied traits. The highest value of plant height, number of grains panicle−1, grain yield, biomass yield, and root dry matter in the QL and SHL locations, respectively, were produced by Cavire 2. The plots fertilized with 120 kg N ha−1 maximize the values of plant height (132.33 cm in the SHL location), leaf area (3040.53 and 2751.47 cm2 in the QL and SHL location respectively), number of grains panicle−1 (1431.37 in the SHL location), 1000-grain weight (31.77 g in the QL location), biomass yield (15752.00 kg ha−1 in the SHL location), and root dry matter (22.42 and 20.75 g root cm−3 in the QL and SHL locations, respectively). Cavire 2 variety under CT with 80 kg N ha−1 in the QL location was the best (observed as the most promising) in terms of grain yield. Whereas Cavire 2 under CT showed best performance with 120 kg N ha−1 in the QL location in terms of biomass yield character.

scholarly journals The relationship between plant height and sugar accumulation in the stems of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)

2017 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 181-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanyukta Shukla ◽  
Terry J. Felderhoff ◽  
Ana Saballos ◽  
Wilfred Vermerris
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Analyses of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and hybrids in response to early-season planting and cool conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohankumar H. Kapanigowda ◽  
Ramasamy Perumal ◽  
Robert M. Aiken ◽  
Thomas J. Herald ◽  
Scott R. Bean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L ◽  
Cool Conditions

Kapanigowda, M., H., Perumal, R., Aiken, R. M., Herald, T. J., Bean, S. R. and Little, C. R. 2013. Analyses of sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] lines and hybrids in response to early-season planting and cool conditions. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 773–784. Early-season cold tolerance in sorghum contributes to emergence, seedling establishment, and early vegetative growth, and reduces damping-off diseases under chilling conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify cold-tolerant sources and to evaluate and optimize rapid screening techniques under a controlled environment. Field studies involving 48 genotypes, representing phases of the hybrid development process (landraces, elite and advanced breeding lines, recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and hybrids were conducted with early and normal planting dates in 2011 at Hays and Colby, Kansas. Studies under controlled environments were conducted at both locations using 18 genotypes that differ for emergence index (EI) and 30 d after emergence (DAE) shoot biomass based on field studies during 2011. Significant differences among the genotypes were recorded for all seedling traits (emergence percentage, EI, shoot biomass, plant height, and leaf number measured 30 DAE), and agronomic traits (days to 50% flowering, panicle exsertion, panicle length, and plant height at maturity). Eight advanced breeding lines: ARCH10731, ARCH10732, ARCH10736, ARCH10737, ARCH10738, ARCH10739, ARCH10744 and ARCH10749 and one RIL (RTx430/SQR-2) were found to be potential sources of cold tolerance with early EI, higher biomass and relatively early flowering. These genotypes are free from tannin, which helps to increase the feed grain efficiency of livestock, and hence were selected for test hybrid evaluation to assess fertility status, combining ability and yield performance. Significant correlation was observed between EI and biomass during early planting, which indicated that late-emerging genotypes produced greater biomass (30 DAE) compared with early-emerged genotypes. Significant correlation between growth chamber and field study for EI offers a potential and fast preliminary high-throughput screening technique for identification of cold-tolerant sorghum.

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