scholarly journals Physiological response of maize under different fertilization management under drought condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 10880
Author(s):  
Tayron R. S. COSTA ◽  
Matheus A. BORBA ◽  
José E. COSTA ◽  
Valéria F. O. SOUSA ◽  
Manoel B. ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Internal Co2 Concentration ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
Internal Co2

This work was aimed to evaluate the development of maize cultivated under different fertilization management, in order to establish an alternative for mineral fertilization. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of Chã de Jardim, in Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Six treatments were used with four replications. Plant height, stalk diameter, leaf number, chlorophyll a, b and total, photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance and internal CO2 concentration in the leaf were evaluated. In the 30 days after emergence, superiority of treatments was observed in the plants under chemical fertilization for plant height and number of leaves. For diameter of stalk the treatment organic fertilization + P and K showed superiority. At 60 days after planting the chemical fertilization provided the highest averages for plant height and stalk diameter. For the photosynthetic rate, transpiration and internal CO2 concentration, the treatment that presented the highest average was observed in plants under organic fertilization combined with P and K and N added in top-dressing. For the chlorophyll, the chemical fertilization provided the highest values. Organic fertilization in association with mineral fertilizers provided results close to those observed in mineral fertilization, being an alternative for nutritional management in maize.

scholarly journals Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 466-471
Author(s):  
Jonnathan R. da S. Sales ◽  
Clarissa L. Magalhâes ◽  
Ana G. S. Freitas ◽  
Geovana F. Goes ◽  
Henderson C. de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Internal Co2 Concentration ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
Internal Co2

HIGHLIGHTS Salt water reduces gas exchange in the okra crop, but organomineral fertilization mitigates these effects. The use of organic and mineral fertilization is viable in okra crops under salt stress. Organic fertilizer (100% bovine biofertilizer) decreases internal CO2 concentration.

scholarly journals Efecto de la gallinaza en plantaciones de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en desarrollo.

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Orozco ◽  
Susanne Thienhaus
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L ◽  
Lower Production

We studied the effect of the organic chicken manure on the growth and development of cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.), during their juvenile stage. The experiment was initiated in February, 1993, in three commercial plantations, 20 months old, located in the county of El Rama, Region V. During the following 14 months we carried out three application , comparing, the three levels of chicken manure (454 , 908 . and 1,362 g per tree and application) with mineral fertilizer (three applications , of 15-15-15fertilizers100 g per tree, plus one application of, urea 100 g per tree), and a check without any applications. A random complete bolck design was utilized and means were compared by, Duncan’s test and regression and correlation analyses were also made. The results showed that with the application of 1,362 g of chicken manure, a significatively higher effect over the initial production of cocoa, and an increase of the stalk diameter were observed. The applications of 454 and 908, of chicken manure resulted in production levels equal to those of the treatment with mineral fertilizers. In relation to plant height, we did not find statistical differences among treatments. The treatment without fertilizer , showed the smallest growth and lower production.

scholarly journals Efficacy of organomineral fertilizers derived from biosolid or filter cake on early maize development

2019 ◽  
pp. 662-670
Author(s):  
Mara Lúcia Martins Magela ◽  
Reginaldo de Camargo ◽  
Regina Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Melissa Cristina de Carvalho Miranda ◽  
Raquel Pinheiro da Mota
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Stalk Diameter

In the current world scenario of agriculture it is necessary to find technologies to reach high productivity that are effective in providing soil conditioning improvement for the plants. Thus, this study analyzed the efficacy of organomineral fertilizers formulated with different organic matter sources on growth factors of maize. The experiment was done in a greenhouse at Campus Umuarama, Federal University of Uberlândia-MG, in a randomized block design, as a 2 x 5 + 2 factorial, containing two sources of organic matter, biosolid and filter cake, five doses of P2O5 recommendation for the crop and two additional treatments: mineral fertilization (100% of P2O5 of the recommended dose) and a control (no fertilizer), with four replications. Plant height, stalk diameter, and chlorophyll a and b were determined at 35 days after sowing (DAS); plant height, stalk diameter, shoot and root fresh and dry matter were determined at 65 DAS. The organomineral sources with biosolid and filter cake yielded greater height and diameter at 35 DAS than those of mineral fertilization. Regardless of the fertilizer organic matter source, stalk diameter at 35 DAS presented linear increase with increasing doses of the fertilizer sources. The use of fertilizer based on biosolid resulted in greater shoot fresh matter than the filter cake source, regardless of dose applied. In general, greater results were obtained for root fresh and dry matter at the greater fertilizer doses in comparison with the mineral fertilization. Organomineral fertilizers can be a viable alternative for partial or total substitution of mineral fertilization, since similar or better results were found for maize growth characteristics.

scholarly journals Determination of damaged leaf area and physiological responses of melon plants submitted to different infestation levels of Liriomyza sativae

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewerton M Costa ◽  
Rômulo Magno O Freitas ◽  
Paolo Augustus F Silva ◽  
Elton Lucio Araujo
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Internal Co2 Concentration ◽  
Liriomyza Sativae ◽  
Leaf Transpiration ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Internal Co2

ABSTRACT The leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is one of the main pests of melon crop (Cucumis melo) in the Brazilian semiarid. The aims of this study were to determine the damaged leaf area and assess the physiological responses of melon plants submitted to different levels of infestation per larvae of L. sativae. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, using plants of melon of the cultivar Iracema (yellow melon). The design utilized was completely randomized, with five treatments {control (no infestation in the leaves) and four infestation levels (1; 10; 20 and 30 larvae per leaf)} and 10 replications (melon plants). Initially we evaluated the physiological aspects: photosynthetic rate (µmol CO2/m2/s), stomatal conductance (mol H2O/m2/s) internal CO2 concentration (µmol CO2/m2) and leaf transpiration (mmol H2O/m2/s). After the measurements of physiological aspects, the evaluated leaves of each plant were cut close to the petiole and scanned individually with a measuring scale on the side, being the determination of the damaged leaf area performed with the aid of software for processing and analysis of images. The averages of damaged leaf area observed were of 1.2; 6.3; 19.6 and 40.8 cm2 for infestations of 1; 10; 20 and 30 larvae/leaf respectively. In relation to the physiological aspects, the rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration significantly decreased with the increase of leafminer larvae per leaf. The internal CO2 concentration increased with the increase in the number of larvae per leaf.

Comparison of Economic Efficiency of Rapeseed Production in Farms with Varied Fertilization Variants

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Tomasz K. Dobek ◽  
Paweł Kołosowski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Rapeseed Production ◽  
Winter Rapeseed ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Intensive Breeding

AbstractIntensive breeding is related to formation of considerable amount of manure which may be used as a natural fertilizer. Manure fertilization may cause reduction of the amount of applied mineral fertilizers and thus reduction of production costs. It may particularly relate to the species with great fertilization requirements such as winter rapeseed. The objective of the research was to compare economic efficiency of rapeseed production in two farms which use different fertilization variants. In one, only mineral fertilizers were used and in the second one – mineral fertilization was supplemented with manure organic fertilization. The use of manure caused reduction of expenditures on materials and raw materials used in production, in particular of fertilizers. At comparable yields obtained by two farms, technology based on manure fertilization proved to be more efficient.

ADUBAÇAO ANTECIPADA COM FERTILIZANTES ORGÂNICO E MINERAL ASSOCIADO À CROTALARIAS NA CULTURA DO MILHO

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
PAULO CÉSAR TIMOSSI ◽  
HILTON ROSA DA SILVA JUNIOR ◽  
SUZETE FERNANDES LIMA ◽  
RONALDO CASTRO ◽  
DIEIMISSON PAULO ALMEIDA
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

RESUMO- A adubação de sistema aliada à adubação verde pode aumentar a disponibilidade de nitrogênio no solo.Objetivou-se na pesquisa investigar se a disponibilidade antecipada de fertilizantes orgânico e mineral sobre o cultivode Crotalaria spectabilis e Crotalaria juncea influência nas características de produção da cultura do milho. Odelineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, disposto em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, no qual o fatorA foi formado por duas espécies de adubos verdes (Crotalaria spectabilis e Crotalaria juncea) e o fator B foi formadopor três formas de fertilização (PK, NPK e orgânica) e pela ausência de fertilização, com oito repetições. Foramrealizadas avaliações das características agronômicas e produtivas da cultura do milho. O número de fileiras e númerosde grãos por fileira não diferiu entre as formas de fertilização. A maior altura de plantas de milho, altura de inserçãode espiga e produtividade de grãos foi obtida na área cultivada anteriormente com C. spectabilis. A fertilização comNPK e orgânica, com cama-de-aves, resultou em maior produtividade, porém com 800 kg ha-1 de NPK, valor superiorao recomendado. Conclui-se que a antecipação de fertilização do solo, associado ao cultivo de adubos verdes é viávelpara o cultivo da cultura do milho, a C. spectabilis proporciona maior produtividade de grãos de milho em sucessãoe a adubação orgânica, com cama-de-aves, é tão eficiente quanto à adubação mineral com NPK quando antecipada.Palavras-chave: Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria juncea, cama-de-aves, adubação verde, adubação de sistema.PRE-FERTILIZATION WITH ORGANIC AND MINERAL FERTILIZERS ASSOCIATED WITH CROTALARIES IN MAIZEABSTRACT- The fertilization of system combined with green manure can enhance the availability of soil nitrogen.This study aimed to research whether the anticipated availability of organic and mineral fertilizers in the cultivationof Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea affects the characteristics of production of corn crop. The completelyrandomized design (CRD) was used, with eight replications, in factorial arrangement 2 x 4, in which the factor A wasformed by two species of green manure (Crotalaria spectabilis and Crotalaria juncea) and the factor B comprisedthree forms of fertilization (PK, NPK and organic) and the absence of fertilization. Assessments of agronomic andyield characteristics of corn crop were conducted. As conclusion,the anticipation of soil fertility, associated with greenmanure cultivation is viable for cultivation of corn crop, the C. spectabilis provides increased productivity of the corncrop, and the organic fertilization with bed of birds is as efficient as the mineral fertilization with NPK.Keywords: Crotalaria spectabilis, Crotalaria juncea, bed-of-birds, green manure, system fertilization.

scholarly journals The Effect of Mineral Fertilization upon the Floristical Composition of the Mountain

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin PÄ‚CURAR ◽  
Ioan ROTAR ◽  
Anca BOGDAN ◽  
Roxana VIDICAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Considerable Decrease ◽  
Apuseni Mountains ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Chemical Fertilization ◽  
The Future ◽  
Mountainous Landscape

The administration of large quantities of chemical fertilizers may strongly diminish the plant diversity of semi-natural grasslands. In the Apuseni Mountains (Romania), the chemical fertilization is rarely used, but, considering the population’s decrease and the livestock diminish, this might have a greater importance in the future. The maintenance of semi-natural grasslands within the mountainous landscape depends greatly on fertilization. Our paper’s goal is to assess the influence of mineral fertilizers upon semi- natural grassland’s plant diversity. Mineral fertilizers complex NPK 20:10:10 ratio was applied in three quantities: 50N 25P 25 K, 100N 50P 50K, and 150N 75P 75 K. The large quantities of mineral fertilizers generated a considerable decrease of the plant diversity.

scholarly journals Productive and physiological responses of jambu (Acmella oleracea) under nutrient concentrations in nutrient solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Italo MG Sampaio ◽  
Mário L Silva Júnior ◽  
Ricardo FPM Bittencourt ◽  
Gabriel AM dos Santos ◽  
Fiama KM Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Internal Co2 Concentration ◽  
Internal Co2 ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

ABSTRACT In the last years, jambu has become popular and greatly appreciated, due to its remarkable taste. Thus, hydroponically cultivated jambu is promising, since it achieves better yield and production quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ionic concentration in nutrient solution on growth, productivity and gas exchange of jambu. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of variations of ionic concentration using the nutrient solution proposed by Hoagland & Arnon (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125%). The length of the main stem, stem diameter, number of inflorescence, leaf area, fresh and dry biomass (shoot, root and inflorescence), photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, internal CO2 concentration, Ci/Ca ratio and instant carboxylation efficiency were evaluated. Ionic concentrations significantly affected the studied variables, except the stem diameter, the internal CO2 concentration and the Ci/Ca ratio. The number of inflorescences and the leaf area grew linearly with maximum values (37.8 units plant-1 and 1650.8 cm2 plant-1, respectively) obtained in ionic concentration of 125%. Maximum responses were observed for shoot fresh and dry mass (63.9 and 6.9 g plant-1), root fresh and dry mass (16.7 and 2.0 g plant-1) inflorescence fresh and dry mass (11.0 and 1.8 g plant-1), respectively, at ionic concentration of 125%. Liquid photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and instant carboxylation efficiency achieved maximum responses of 17.9 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1, 0.3 mol H2O m-2 s-1, 6.3 mmol m-2 s-1 and 0.06 with estimated concentrations of 84, 70, 80 and 83% of ionic strength, respectively. Thus, we concluded that the ionic concentration of 125% is indicated to obtain a greater biomass accumulation.

scholarly journals Organic fertilization with turkey litter for maize cultivation in tropical region

2019 ◽  
pp. 2062-2066
Author(s):  
Diego Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Gustavo Castoldi ◽  
Manuel Rodriguez Carballal ◽  
Mariângela Brito Freiberger ◽  
Warlles Domingos Xavier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Maize Cultivation ◽  
Chemical Fertilization

Residues from agroindustry activity have been commonly used as a source of fertilizer for fertilization of annual crops. Sometimes these residues can replace the mineral fertilizers totally or partially, while their effects can be extended to the soil attributes. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing conventional chemical fertilization with organic fertilization using turkey litter on maize grain yield and in the chemical attributes of an Oxisol in tropical region. The experiment was carried out in two crop seasons with various quantities of turkey litter, or in blend with chemical fertilizers, in a randomized block design with six treatments and five replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1 – Control treatment; T2 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 (NPK); T3 – Application of 3,800 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T4 – Application of 7,600 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T5 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 + 1900 kg ha-1 of turkey litter; T6 – Chemical fertilization with 450 kg ha-1 of 10-27-10 + 3,800 kg ha-1 of turkey litter. The organic fertilization with turkey litter presented potential for total or partial replacement of chemicals fertilization for maize cultivation with no loss in grain yield. Therefore, the treatments of T3 and T5 could be recommended to farmers at a lower cost. The treatment T4 increased the P and K contents in the soil, reaching to 24 mg dm-3 and 3.1 cmoc dm-3, respectively, after two crop seasons.

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