scholarly journals NOVELTIES IN SECURITY MEASURES – THE EXTENDED SEIZURE

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta-Elena Buzatu ◽  
Andreea Uzlău
Keyword(s):  
Security Measures ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
Procedure Code

This work analyses the recent regulation, which amends the current and the futureCriminal Code, in the sense of establishing, as a new security measure, the extended seizure.Analyzing the provisions of the regulation, the authors indicates, the necessity to amend theCriminal Procedure Code is underlined, with the purpose of ensuring the regulationoperability within the criminal proceedings.

scholarly journals Verification by the prosecutor of the legality and validity of the decisions made by the investigating judge regarding the applied security measures

2021 ◽  
pp. 341-345
Author(s):  
I.О. Merimerina
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Appellate Court ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Legitimate Interests ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to clarifying what the stage of an appeal in criminal proceedings is. During the investigation, the decisions of the investigating judge concerning the application of measures to ensure criminal proceedings are con-sidered to be appealed in accordance with the requirements of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine. It was empha-sized that appealing the decisions of the investigating judge during the pre-trial investigation is an important guarantee of ensuring the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of the participants in the criminal proceedings. The list of persons who have the right to file an appeal is covered. The normative regulation of appealing against the decisions of the investigating judge is analyzed. The problematic issues of this activity and the definition of ways of normative regulation are considered. In the course of the research the works of scientists on the outlined issues are analyzed.The article examines the role of the prosecutor in verifying the legality and validity of decisions made by the investigating judge on the election, change, cancellation of measures to ensure criminal proceedings. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the prosecutor’s appeal of certain precautionary measures. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of the prosecutor’s filing of appeals, the quality of preparation of response documents. The peculiarities of appealing the decision of the appellate court, ruled on the results of the review of the decision of the investigating judge on the application of certain precautionary measures, have been studied. The characteristic features of appealing certain measures to ensure criminal proceedings have been identified and investigated.It is concluded that it is expedient to supplement the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine with provisions on the possibility for the prosecutor to appeal the decisions of the investigating judge on seizure of property, refusal, full or partial revocation of seizure of property, revocation of seizure of property, return of temporarily seized items and documents. measures in the form of a personal obligation or refusal to apply it, application of a precautionary measure in the form of a personal guarantee, application of a measure of restraint in the form of transfer of a juvenile suspect or accused under the supervision of parents, guardians, trustees or administration of a child care institution.

scholarly journals Ensuring the confidentiality of information about a person involved in criminal proceedings: selected issues and solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Ya. O. Talyzina ◽  
I. A. Titko
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Data Confidentiality ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
State Secret ◽  
Court Proceedings

The article highlights the problem of practical implementation of such a security measure that can be applied to participants in criminal proceedings, such as ensuring the confidentiality of personal information. It is analyzed the views diversity of investigators, prosecutors, judges and lawyers on the algorithm of application of ensuring the personal data confidentiality, on the issue of storage of resolutions (decisions) on the application of this security measure in criminal proceedings. The practice of conducting procedural actions in court with persons whose personal data have been changed is studied separately. The peculiarities of interrogation, identification with protected participants of criminal proceedings in the mode of videoconference and in a closed court session are studied. Previous attempts to solve this problem by developing a Model Instruction on conducting court proceedings with witnesses, victims and other participants in criminal proceedings, in respect of whom security measures have been taken, are considered. According to the analysis results of the domestic legislation on security of participants in criminal proceedings and identification of gaps, after conducting a survey of current investigators, prosecutors, judges and lawyers, the generalization of modern practice of criminal proceedings with the participation of protected persons is made. The purpose of this research is to formulate proposals for a unified and mandatory for all participants in criminal proceedings procedure for working with persons whose personal data are changed for security purposes at all stages of criminal proceedings.   The expediency of enshrining at the bylaw level in a separate normative legal act an algorithm for carrying out procedural actions in court with participants in criminal proceedings, which would meet the requirements of current legislation, including the provisions of the Data Summary constituting a state secret, is substantiated.

scholarly journals Valsts kases kontos ilgstoši uzglabāti naudas atlikumi izbeigtajos kriminālprocesos

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Austris Siliņš
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Problem Situation ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Unified Process

Latvijā pēc kriminālprocesu izbeigšanas tiesībsargājošo iestāžu deponēto līdzekļu kontos tiek ilgstoši uzglabāti naudas atlikumi, kurus tiesiskā regulējuma dēļ nav iespējams novirzīt paredzētajam mērķim, proti, atdot naudas devējam vai ieskaitīt šos naudas līdzekļus valsts budžetā. Kā viens no drošības līdzekļu veidiem kriminālprocesā tiek piemērota drošības nauda. Drošības nauda tiek izraudzīta arī likumā minētajos gadījumos, kad lemj par apcietinājuma piemērošanu. Kriminālprocesa laikā izņemto naudu un drošības naudu ieskaita tiesībsargājošo iestāžu deponēto līdzekļu kontos. Tiesībsargājošās iestādes, kurām izveidoti šādi konti, atbilstoši procesa virzītāja nolēmumiem veic kontā iemaksātās kriminālprocesā izņemtās naudas un drošības naudas atmaksu vai iemaksu valsts budžetā. Nosakot konkrētas darbības, kas jāveic ar naudu, kas atrodas deponēto līdzekļu kontos, likumdevējs nav paredzējis vienotu procesu, kā nauda atdodama. Problēmsituācija rodas arī tādēļ, ka ne vienmēr ir iespējams naudu atdot tās devējam. Rakstā tiek pētīts tiesiskais regulējums, kādas ir iestādes tiesības rīkoties ar šo naudu, un sniegti priekšlikumi normatīvā regulējuma pilnveidošanai, lai šo situāciju uzlabotu un deponēto līdzekļu kontos ilgstoši neglabātos naudas atlikumi. In Latvia, cash balances are stored for a long time in institutions deposited funds accounts, in terminated criminal proceedings, which within the legal framework cannot be directed to the intended purpose, namely, to return the money to the lender or transfer it to the state budget. As one of the types of security measures, a security deposit is applicable in criminal proceedings. The security deposit is also selected in the cases referred to in the law, when it is decided on the application of a security measure – detention. Money withdrawn in criminal proceedings and security money shall be credited to the accounts of funds deposited by law enforcement authorities. Law enforcement authorities to which such accounts have been established shall, in accordance with the decisions of the person conducting the proceedings, reimburse the withdrawn money and security deposit paid into the account or deposit it into the state budget. When determining specific actions to be performed with money held in deposited funds accounts, the legislator has not provided for a unified process by how money shall be returned, as well as a problem situation arises because it is not always practically possible to return money to the lender. The article will study the legal framework how the institution is entitled to dispose of this money, and provide proposals for improving the regulatory framework to improve the current situation, as a result, funds would not be stored in the deposited funds accounts for a long time.

scholarly journals Evaluating Counterterrorism Spending

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Mueller ◽  
Mark G. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Successful Attack ◽  
Security Measure ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
The Cost

In this article, we present a simple back-of-the-envelope approach for evaluating whether counterterrorism security measures reduce risk sufficiently to justify their costs. The approach uses only four variables: the consequences of a successful attack, the likelihood of a successful attack, the degree to which the security measure reduces risk, and the cost of the security measure. After measuring the cost of a counterterrorism measure, we explore a range of outcomes for the costs of terrorist attacks and a range of possible estimates for how much risk might be reduced by the measure. Then working from this mix of information and assumptions, we can calculate how many terrorist attacks (and of what size) would need to be averted to justify the cost of the counterterrorism measure in narrow cost–benefit terms. To illustrate this approach, we first apply it to the overall increases in domestic counterterrorism expenditures that have taken place since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, and alternatively we apply it to just the FBI's counterterrorism efforts. We then evaluate evidence on the number and size of terrorist attacks that have actually been averted or might have been averted since 9/11.

scholarly journals USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE DURING THE EXAMINATION OF THE SCENE OF A CRIME IN THE ORDER OF PART 3 ART. 214 OF THE CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Andrіy Shulha ◽  
◽  
Tetyana Khailova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Criminal Procedure Law ◽  
Special Knowledge ◽  
The Law

The article deals with the problem of specialist’s participation in the scene examination, which is carried out before entering information into the Unified Register of the pre-trial investigations. The essence of the problem is that the current criminal procedural law of Ukraine recognizes the specialist’s participation only in the pre-trial investigation, the litigation and the proceedings in the case of the commission of an unlawful act under the law of Ukraine on criminal liability. Part 1 of Article 71 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine states that a specialist in criminal proceedings is a person who has special knowledge and skills and can provide advice and conclusions during the pre-trial investigation and trial on issues that require appropriate special knowledge and skills. In other cases, the specialist has no procedural status. In addition, Part 1 of Article 237 of the CPC of Ukraine «Examination» states that the examination is conducted to identify and record information on the circumstances of the offense commitment. It is an act provided by the law of Ukraine on criminal liability. However, there are the cases in the investigation, when a report is received, for example, about a person's death, other events with formal signs of the offense, which must first be checked for signs of a crime, and only then the act can be considered as offense. In this case, a specialist takes part in the scene examination. However, the current criminal procedure law in accordance with Part 1, Article 71 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine determines the legal status of a specialist only as the participant in criminal proceedings. The paragraph 10, part 1 of Article 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine defines the criminal proceedings as pre-trial investigation and court proceedings or procedural actions in the case of the commission of an unlawful act. Therefore, when the inspection of the scene is based on the uncertain status of the event (there is no clear information that the event contains signs of an offense), the specialist’s participation is not regulated by law. The authors propose to consider the specialists as «experienced persons» in cases mentioned above and to include their advices to the protocol of the scene examination, as the advices of other scene examination participants.

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE CONCEPT «PROCEDURAL COSTS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS»

Issues of Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
S.M. Darovskikh ◽  
◽  
Z.V Makarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Procedural Costs ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Article 5

The article is devoted to the issues of formulating the definition of such a criminal procedural concept as «procedural costs». Emphasizing the importance both for science and for law enforcement of clarity and clarity when formulating the definition of criminal procedural concepts, the authors point out that the formulation of this concept present in the current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation is far from being improved. Having studied the opinions on this issue of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, a number of procedural scholars, the authors propose their own version of the definition of the concept of «criminal procedural costs» with its allocation in a separate paragraph of Article 5 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals PROSECUTOR'S SUPERVISION OF LAW CONDUCTING INVESTIGATIVE (SEARCH) ACTIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Я. Ю. Конюшенко
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Law ◽  
Procedural Guidance ◽  
Compliance With The Law ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the article is to define the prosecutor's supervision over investigative (search) actions as a legal guarantee of human rights, as well as problematic issues in its implementation and to make proposals to improve the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. The article defines doctrinal approaches to the concepts of "prosecutor's supervision over compliance with the law during the pre-trial investigation" and "prosecutor's procedural guidance of the pre-trial investigation" in the context of investigative (search) actions. The author came to the conclusion that the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On the Prosecutor's Office" and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in terms of regulating the functions and powers of the prosecutor during the pre-trial investigation. Based on the study, it is proposed to consider procedural guidance as one of the forms of prosecutor's supervision over the pre-trial investigation, which is implemented directly by the prosecutor or a group of prosecutors who are appointed to carry it out in a particular criminal proceeding. The author also emphasizes the existence of forms of supervision of the highest level prosecutor on the legality of these actions, which are implemented through the demand and study of information on the progress and results of pre-trial investigation, criminal proceedings and certified copies of court decisions and study of compliance with criminal procedure. A number of problematic issues during the prosecutor's supervision in pre-trial criminal proceedings are outlined, which relate to the relationship between the prosecutor's supervision and judicial control over the legality of investigative (search) actions; subjects and subject of supervision of the prosecutor in this sphere; providing the prosecutor-procedural manager and prosecutors of the highest level with instructions and instructions during the investigative (search) actions. To address these issues, it is proposed to amend the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. The study of the materials of criminal proceedings and the survey of the subjects of criminal proceedings indicate the existence of a number of problematic issues that exist during the implementation of the prosecutor's procedural guidance of investigative (search) actions in the context of human rights.

scholarly journals Referring a Case to the Highest Division of the Supreme Court in the Criminal Procedure Legislation of Ukraine and European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-165
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Uniform Law ◽  
Grand Chamber ◽  
Court Practice

The article aims to examine one of the elements of the formal mechanism of maintaining court practice unity in criminal proceedings of Ukraine and European countries – referring a case to the highest division of the Supreme Court. Similar to the Ukrainian criminal procedure legislation, the grounds for referring a criminal case and the procedure of its application are provided in the legislation of Estonia, Italy and Lithuania. At the same time, the Ukrainian legislator has established a number of special features, however, the wording of the relevant articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine is not perfect. The article provides answers to such questions as how forceful the provisions of criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine are, to what extent of effectiveness the Supreme Court exercises its legal authority regarding the unity of court practice in criminal proceedings, and whether the controversies in legal positions of the structural divisions of the Supreme Court have been successfully avoided. In order to achieve the stated aims, parts 2 and 3 are devoted to the examination of the grounds for referring a case in criminal proceedings of Ukraine and European countries. Part 4 outlines the shortcomings of the content of some articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine concerning the procedure of the referral of a criminal case to the highest division of the Supreme Court. Part 5 provides the analysis of the validity of decisions made by the boards of judges at the Supreme Court on the referral of criminal proceedings to its higher judicial divisions – the joint chamber of the Criminal Cassation Court and the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court. On the basis of the study of the judgements of boards, the judicial chambers of the Criminal Cassation Court and the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court, in part 6 the question is answered on whether the Supreme Court of Ukraine managed to perform its duty on the assurance of court practice unity in such an area as criminal proceedings. Keywords: exclusive legal problem, development of law, formation of uniform law enforcement practice, the Supreme Court, criminal proceedings, Ukraine.

scholarly journals The Development of the Legal Position of Legal Entities in Russian Criminal Proceedings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Galina I. Sedova ◽  
◽  
Yulia V. Drazhevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal Entities

The current Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, while securing the opportunity for a legal entity to participate in criminal proceedings, does not establish which organizations are to be understood as a “legal entity”. In this regard, this concept in the criminal process is often identified with the civil-legal definition of a legal entity, leaving behind its framework organizations that are not subject to registration in the Unified State Register of Legal Entities. Meanwhile, historical analysis indicates that legal entities were participants in criminal procedural relations long before the concept of “legal entity” was consolidated in civil legislation, as well as the establishment of the procedure for their registration. At the same time, starting from the XI century, the possibility of participation of legal entities in the criminal process was determined by criteria that have not lost their relevance at the present time.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF PRESUMPTION OF INNOCENCE IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS OF PRIVATE PROSECUTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-880
Author(s):  
E.F. Tensina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Criminal Case ◽  
Presumption Of Innocence ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Procedure Code ◽  
Special Procedure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Procedural Rights

The article reveals the nature of the claim of a private prosecution, which establishes the freedom to dispose of material and procedural rights. The forms of manifestation of dispositive principles in the material and procedural aspects in the course of criminal proceedings are determined. Taking into account the nature of the claim of a private prosecution, various models of proceedings in criminal cases of a private prosecution and the peculiarities of the implementation of the provisions of the criminal procedure principle of the presumption of innocence are considered. The author critically assesses the legal constructions that allow the application of a special procedure for making a court decision in criminal proceedings of a private prosecution if the accused agrees with the charge brought. In particular, taking into account the provisions of the principle of the presumption of innocence, it is concluded that it is inadmissible to apply Chapter 40 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation when considering a criminal case of a private prosecution if it is initiated by filing an application directly with a magistrate in the manner prescribed by Art. 318 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation or when investigating a criminal case of this category in the form of an abbreviated inquiry, regulated by Ch. 32.1 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation.

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