scholarly journals Physical exercise as a non-pharmacological strategy for reducing behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Lígia da Silva RODRIGUES ◽  
Jamily Matias da SILVA ◽  
Maria Clara Cordeiro de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Charleny Mary Ferreira de SANTANA ◽  
Kaliandra Meneses CARVALHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACT Background: Elderly people with dementia may exhibit behavioral and psychological symptoms throughout the course of disease. Non-pharmacological therapies, such as regular physical activity, are considered strategies for managing these symptoms. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether participation in physical exercise programs is effective in reducing behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: A literature review was carried out in MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases from 2010 to 2020. The eligible studies were randomized clinical trials involving elderly people with mild cognitive impairment or dementia and assessing changes in neuropsychiatric and psychological symptoms as primary or secondary outcomes. The studies had a group with only physical exercise as an intervention compared to a control group. Results: Of 175 publications identified in the initial survey, only 7 studies met the eligibility criteria. Four out of 7 studies demonstrated positive effects in reducing behavioral symptoms, while the others did not report differences between gains according to the type of protocol. Conclusions: Moderate to intense aerobic and muscle strengthening exercises may have a potential benefit in the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia, but studies varied in their conclusions. This review indicates the need for further intervention studies to investigate, as a primary outcome, the absolute effect of physical exercise and its impact on behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly people with MCI dementia, especially in the early stages of the disease.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL EXERCISE AS STRATEGY FOR REDUCING BEHAVIORAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN DEMENTIA (BPSD)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Rodrigues ◽  
Jamily Da Silva ◽  
Maria De Oliveira ◽  
Charleny De Santana ◽  
Kaliandra Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Older People ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Background: Older people with dementia may experience behavioral and psychological symptoms during the course of the illness. Non-pharmacological therapies are considered strategies to manage these symptoms. Objective: to investigate whether physical exercise reduces BPSD in older people with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia. Methods: A systematic review was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus databases from 2010 to 2020. Randomized clinical trials involving older people with MCI or dementia that evaluated BPSD as a primary or secondary outcome were included. The studies had an exercise-only group as an intervention compared to the control group. Results: Of the 175 publications identified, only 7 met the eligibility criteria; 4 studies showed positive effects in reducing BPSD, while the others did not differentiate the gains according to the type of protocol. Conclusion: Aerobic and muscle-strengthening exercises of moderate to vigorous intensity may have potential benefit in the management of BPSD, but studies vary in their conclusions. This review identified the need for further intervention studies to investigate the absolute effect of physical exercise and its impact on BPSD as a primary outcome, especially in the early stages of the disease.

scholarly journals Comparative Effects of Physical Exercise and Other Behavioral Interventions on Functional Status Outcomes in Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anne L. Shandera-Ochsner ◽  
Melanie J. Chandler ◽  
Dona E. Locke ◽  
Colleen T. Ball ◽  
Julia E. Crook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Group Sessions

Abstract Objectives: Lifestyle modifications for those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may promote functional stability, lesson disease severity, and improve well-being outcomes such as quality of life. The current analysis of our larger comparative effectiveness study evaluated which specific combinations of lifestyle modifications offered as part of the Mayo Clinic Healthy Action to Benefit Independence in Thinking (HABIT) program contributed to the least functional decline in people with MCI (pwMCI) over 18 months. Methods: We undertook to compare evidence-based interventions with one another rather than to a no-treatment control group. The interventions were five behavioral treatments: computerized cognitive training (CCT), yoga, Memory Support System (MSS) training, peer support group (SG), and wellness education (WE), each delivered to both pwMCI and care partners, in a group-based program. To compare interventions, we randomly withheld one of the five HABIT® interventions in each of the group sessions. We conducted 24 group sessions with between 8 and 20 pwMCI–partner dyads in a session. Results: Withholding yoga led to the greatest declines in functional ability as measured by the Functional Activities Questionnaire and Clinical Dementia Rating. In addition, memory compensation (calendar) training and cognitive exercise appeared to have associations (moderate effect sizes) with better functional outcomes. Withholding SG or WE appeared to have little effect on functioning at 18 months. Conclusions: Overall, these results add to the growing literature that physical exercise can play a significant and lasting role in modifying outcomes in a host of medical conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases.

Effects of commonly prescribed drugs on cognition and mild cognitive impairment in healthy elderly people

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 965-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teodoro del Ser ◽  
María-Ascensión Zea ◽  
Meritxell Valentí ◽  
Javier Olazarán ◽  
Jorge López-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Information Processing ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Longitudinal Analyses ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Healthy Elderly

Background:Chronic drug intake has been associated with negative and positive cognitive effects in elderly people, although subjacent conditions may be confounding factors.Aim:To study the effects on cognitive performance of commonly prescribed medications in a cohort of cognitively normal older adults.Methods:Medication intake was recorded during two years in 1087 individuals 70–85 years old, without neurological or psychiatric conditions. The influence of every drug, drug family and therapeutic group on six cognitive scores and on the conversion to mild cognitive impairment over two years was ascertained by cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses controlling for demographic and clinical variables.Results:Small effects of several drugs on information processing were found in cross-sectional analyses but only confirmed for a positive effect of vitamin D in case–control analyses. Longitudinal analyses showed no drug effects on the cognitive slopes. Several hypotensive drugs reduced, whereas bromazepam and glucose lowering drugs increased, the conversion rate to mild cognitive impairment with very small effects ( R2=0.3–1%).Conclusions:Cognitively healthy elderly individuals show minimal negative effects on information processing associated with chronic intake of some drugs probably related to the subjacent condition. Some drugs slightly affect the rate of conversion to mild cognitive impairment. Positive effects of vitamin D, chondroitin, atorvastatin and antihypertensive drugs, and negative effects of antidepressants and benzodiazepines, should be further explored in studies with longer follow-up.

The Effects of Three Months of Aerobic Dance on Hippocampal Volume and Cognition in Elderly People with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhu ◽  
Yaxin Gao ◽  
Ming Qi ◽  
Ming Xiao ◽  
Han Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aerobic Dance ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Whether dancing could increases the hippocampal volume of seniors with amnestic mild cognitive impairment(aMCI) remains debatable. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of aerobic dance on hippocampal volume and cognition after three months' aerobic dance in older adults with aMCI. In this randomized controlled trial, 68 elderly people with aMCI were randomized to either aerobic dance group or the control group using 1:1 allocation ratio. Specially designed aerobic dance routine was performed by the dance group three times a week for three months, while all participants received monthly health care education after inclusion. MRI with a 3.0 T MRI scanner and cognitive assessments were performed before and after intervention. The high-resolution 3D T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired for the analysis of hippocampal volume. A total of 35 participants (mean age: 71.51 ± 6.62 years) were randomized into aerobic dance group and 33(mean age:69.82 ± 7.74 years ) into control group, and all the data was analyzed based on the intention to treat (ITT) method. Patients in the treatment group showed increased volume in the right hippocampus (mean difference [MD] in right hippocampus volume over 3 months 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05, 0.21; p<0.001) and memory enhancement (MD in Memory Scale-Revised Logical Memory change over 3 months 2.12; 95% CI -0.06, 4.13; p = 0.02) compared to the control group. In conclusion, three months of aerobic dance could increase the volume of right hippocampus and improve episodic memory in elderly persons with aMCI. This study was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn). Registration number：ChiCTR-INR-15007420.

Characteristics and effects of physical exercise programs for older cancer survivors: A scoping review (Características y efectos de los programas de ejercicio físico para personas mayores sobrevivientes de cáncer: Una revisión de alcance)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 370-385
Author(s):  
Igor Cigarroa ◽  
Estefanía Díaz ◽  
Constanza Ortiz ◽  
Raquel Otero ◽  
Irene Cantarero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Calidad De Vida

There is a discrepancy about the characteristics and effects of exercise-based programs in older cancer survivors (OCS). Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics and effects of physical activity programs in OCS health. This scoping review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included randomized clinical trials and clinical trials from MEDLINE by PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and PEDro, published between 2010 and 2020. Results suggest that physical programs were carried out in health centers (54.2%) and were based on physical exercise (74.4%). The length of the exercise interventions was between 3–6 months (87.5%) was performed 2–3 times per week (73.1%) with a duration between 20–60 minutes (78.2%) and was run by health professionals (94.4%). The health outcomes with the most positive effects were physical activity, depression, and quality of life. In conclusion, physical programs for OCS based on aerobic exercises are safe and could be a therapeutic strategy to improve different health markers in OCS.  Resumen. En la literatura existe discrepancia sobre las características y los efectos de los programas basados en el ejercicio físico en sobrevivientes de cáncer (SC) de edad avanzada. Por lo tanto, esta revisión de alcance tuvo como objetivo identificar las características y los efectos de los programas de actividad física en la salud de personas SC de edad avanzada. Esta revisión de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y ensayos clínicos, se realizó considerando las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE (de Pubmed), Scopus, Scielo y PEDro, entre los años 2010 y 2020. Los resultados indican que los programas de ejercicio se realizaron en centros de salud (54.2%), y se basaron en ejercicio físico principalmente (74.4%). La extensión de las intervenciones físicas fue entre 3–6 meses (87.5%), se realizaron 2–3 veces por semana (73.1%) con una duración entre 20–60 minutos, y fueron dirigidas por profesionales de salud (94.4%). El impacto sobre la salud con mayores efectos positivos fueron la actividad física, la depresión y la calidad de vida. En conclusión, los programas de ejercitación física para personas SC en edad avanzada, basados en ejercicios aeróbicos son seguros y podrían ser una estrategia terapéutica para mejorar diferentes variables de salud en este grupo de personas.

International Ballroom Dancing Against Neurodegeneration: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Greek Community-Dwelling Elders With Mild Cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 489-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulietta Lazarou ◽  
Themis Parastatidis ◽  
Anthoula Tsolaki ◽  
Mara Gkioka ◽  
Anastasios Karakostas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Control

Background: Many studies have highlighted the positive effects of dance in people with neurodegenerative diseases. Objectives: To explore the effects of International Ballroom Dancing on cognitive function in elders with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: One-hundred twenty-nine elderly patients with aMCI diagnosis (mean age 66.8 ± 10.1 years) were randomly assigned into 2 groups: intervention group (IG, n = 66) and control group (CG, n = 63). The IG exercised systematically for 10 months, and both groups were submitted to extensive neuropsychological assessment prior and after the 10-month period. Results: According to the independent sample t test at the follow-up, significant differences between groups were found in benefit of the IG while the CG showed worse performance in the majority of neuropsychological tests. According to the Student t test, better performance is detected in IG in contrast with CG, which had worse performance almost in all scales. Conclusion: Dance may be an important nonpharmacological approach that can benefit cognitive functions.

scholarly journals Developing a Virtual Reality for People With Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Based on Their Psychological Needs: A Feasibility Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Hee Kim ◽  
Seonmin Park ◽  
Hyeongji Lim
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract BackgroundPurpose of this study was to develop a virtual reality (VR) intervention program based on the psychological needs of patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment residing in nursing facilities in Korea to relieve their behavioral and psychological symptoms, and to confirm the possibility of utilizing VR in patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment.MethodsIn the first phase, surveys and questionnaires were used to identify activities that relieved the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) among patients. These activities were classified into five types of psychological needs. In the second phase, a fully immersive, interactive, easy-to-use VR platform was developed that reflected these psychological needs. The VR content was used with patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment. The researchers assessed the level of the participants’ immersion, preference, and interaction with the VR, using a 5-point Likert scale. ResultsIn the feasibility test, the mean immersion score was 4.93 ± 0.16 points, the mean preference score was 4.35 ± 0.41 points, and the mean interaction score was 3.84 ± 0.43 points. Six out of 10 participants required assistance while using the VR. The mean VR experience duration was 10.00 ± 3.46 minutes.ConclusionsThe VR-based intervention program that was developed to reduce BPSD was feasible for the participants, and provided them with a high degree of satisfaction and immersion. Furthermore, this study also confirmed the convenience and safety of the program. These findings provide evidence for the potential of VR to provide BPSD intervention programs for patients with dementia and mild cognitive impairment, and potentially for other geriatric conditions.

Supplementation of Probiotics and Its Effects on Physically Active Individuals and Athletes: Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Berwig Möller ◽  
Maria Júlia Vieira da Cunha Goulart ◽  
Bruna Bellincanta Nicoletto ◽  
Fernanda Donner Alves ◽  
Cláudia Dornelles Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Positive Effects

The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the effects of probiotic supplementation on physically active individuals. The participants, interventions, comparisons, outcome and study design inclusion criteria were (a) studies involving healthy adults or older subjects of both sexes who did physical exercise (including athletes and physically active individuals), (b) interventions with probiotics, (c) inclusion of a control group, (d) outcomes not previously defined, and (e) clinical trials and randomized clinical trials, with no language or date restrictions. The search was conducted in the following scientific databases: MEDLINE, Embase, SciELO, Scopus, and Lilacs. Search terms were “Probiotics” OR “Prebiotics” OR “Microbiota” AND “Exercise” OR “Athletes.” The articles were first screened by title and abstract by two independent reviewers and disagreements resolved by a third reviewer. Data were extracted independently by the same two reviewers; results were extracted in duplicate and then compared to avoid errors. A total of 544 articles were retrieved and 24 were included. A total of 1,680 patients were included, most of them being male (n = 1,134, 67.5%), with a mean age of 30.9 ± 6.1 years. Following probiotic supplementation, positive effects have been reported for several outcomes including respiratory tract infection, immunologic markers, and gastrointestinal symptoms in both athletes and nonathletes. However, published studies have distinct protocols and measured outcomes, and some of them have small sample size and failed to prove beneficial effect on probiotic supplementation, leading to inconclusive results for standardized supplementation protocols.

scholarly journals Behavioral and psychological symptoms among Indian patients with mild cognitive impairment

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2097-2098
Author(s):  
Vikas Dhikav ◽  
Mansi Sethi ◽  
Pinki Mishra ◽  
Kuljeet Singh Anand
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Indian Patients ◽  
Consensus Group ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are common in dementias but is a relatively new entity described in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). The International Psychogeriatric Association Consensus Group defines BPSD as “symptoms of disturbed perception, thought content, mood or behavior” (Coen et al., 1997). The present study was aimed at assessing the frequency of the same in patients with MCI.

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