scholarly journals Performance of ‘Fuji Suprema’ apple trees treated with budbreak promoters, in São Joaquim-SC

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
João Felippeto ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
Carina Pereira da Silva ◽  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Growing Seasons

Abstract The application of rest breaking agents to overcome the lack of chilling is a common practice in apple orchards in southern Brazil. However, its necessity in areas of greater chilling accumulation, like in the city São Joaquim, Santa Catarina State (SC), has been questioned over the years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different budbreak promoters, on the performance of ‘Fuji Suprema’ apple trees, in the region of São Joaquim/SC. The study was performed at the Experimental Station of São Joaquim - Santa Catarina Agricultural Research and Extension Agency (EPAGRI), in the growing seasons of 2013/2014, 2014/2015, and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of 10-year-old ‘Fuji Suprema apple trees grafted on the rootstock ‘M.9’ and arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Treatments consisted of a nutrient solution containing soluble nitrogen and calcium (NCaS), combined with either calcium nitrate or mineral oil, at different rates; and hydrogen cyanamide combined with mineral oil. The time of application was when buds were between the stages A (dormant bud) and B (swollen bud; silver tip). The influence of treatments on flowering, budbreak, yield components, and fruit quality was assessed. Flowering and fruit quality were little affected by treatments. In the other hand, the budbreak promoters consistently improved axillary budbreak in two out of three seasons.

scholarly journals Performance of ‘Maxi Gala’ apple trees as affected by budbreak promoters, in São Joaquim-SC

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateus da Silveira Pasa ◽  
João Felippeto ◽  
Gilberto Nava ◽  
André Luiz Kulkamp de Souza ◽  
Alberto Fontanella Brighenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Dormant Bud ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract The application of rest breaking agents to compensate the lack of chilling is a common practice in apple orchards in Southern Brazil. However, its necessity in areas of greater chilling accumulation has been questioned over the years. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of ‘Maxi Gala’ apple in response to different budbreak promoters in São Joaquim, SC. The study was performed in the growing seasons of 2013/2014, 2014/2015, and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of 10-year-old ‘Maxi Gala’ apple trees grafted on the rootstock ‘M.9’, arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replicates in the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 growing seasons and six replicates in the 2015/2016 season. Treatments consisted of Erger®, combined with either calcium nitrate or mineral oil, at different rates; and hydrogen cyanamide combined with mineral oil. Treatments were applied when buds were between the stages A (dormant bud) and B (swollen bud; silver tip). The influence of treatments on flowering, budbreak, yield components, and fruit quality was assessed. Flowering was little affected by treatments, while axillary budbreak was consistently improved in the year of insufficient chilling accumulation. Besides, the combination Erger® (2% and 3%) + calcium nitrate (2% and 3%) and Erger® (1%) + mineral oil (3%) induced similar axillary budbreak as hydrogen cyanamide + mineral oil. Fruit quality attributes were not affected by treatments.

scholarly journals EARLY SPRING APPLICATION OF AMINOETHOXYVINILGLYCINE (AVG) INCREASES FRUIT SET AND YIELD OF ‘ROCHA’ PEARS

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
MATEUS DA SILVEIRA PASA ◽  
BRUNO CARRA ◽  
CARINA PEREIRA DA SILVA ◽  
MARLISE NARA CIOTTA ◽  
ALBERTO FONTANELLA BRIGHENTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Return Bloom

ABSTRACT The low fruit set is one of the main factors leading to poor yield of pear orchards in Brazil. Ethylene is associated with abscission of flowers and fruitlets. Then, the application of ethylene synthesis inhibitors, such as AVG, is a potential tool to increase fruit set of pears. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of AVG, sprayed at different rates and timings, on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of ‘Rocha’ pear. The study was performed in a commercial orchard located in the municipality of São Joaquim, SC, during the growing seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. Plant material consisted of ‘Rocha’ pear trees grafted on quince rootstock ‘BA29’. AVG was tested at different rates (60 mg L-1 and 80 mg L-1) and timings [full bloom, one week after full bloom (WAFB), and two WAFB), either alone or in combination. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with at least five single-tree replications. The fruit set, number of fruit per tree, yield, estimated yield, fruit weight, return bloom, and fruit quality attributes were assessed. Fruit set and yield were consistently increased by single applications of AVG at 60 and 80 mg L-1 at both one and two weeks after full bloom, without negatively affecting fruit quality attributes and return bloom.

scholarly journals Yield stability of common bean genotypes in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Carlos Baldin ◽  
Sydney Antonio Frehner Kavalco ◽  
Leomar Guilherme Woyann ◽  
Adão Alves Rodrigues Junior ◽  
Debora Regiane Gobatto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The State ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Discrimination Ability ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Unbalanced Dataset ◽  
Bean Genotype ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the grain yield and stability of common bean genotypes, as well as the representativeness and discrimination ability of locations in multi-environment trials (METs), using the GGE biplot analysis. The grain yield of 27 genotypes was evaluated in 16 trials carried out in nine locations, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the first and second crop seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used. As the trials were neither conducted in all locations, nor in all growing seasons of both years, a highly unbalanced dataset was used. Genotype 5 (CHC 01-175-1) was the most productive and stable, common bean genotype and can be considered the closest one to the ideal for the target region. Furthermore, this genotype performs well in both crop seasons, outperforming all the evaluated checks; therefore, it has the potential to be released as a new cultivar. Chapecó can be considered the ideal location for the selection of common bean genotypes, in the state of Santa Catarina, since it shows high representativeness and discrimination ability in the rainy and dry crop seasons.

scholarly journals Yield and fruit quality of apple from conventional and organic production systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandro Vidal Talamini do Amarante ◽  
Cristiano André Steffens ◽  
Álvaro Luiz Mafra ◽  
Jackson Adriano Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Management System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Solids Content

The objective of this study was to assess the yield and fruit quality of apple produced with a conventional and an organic production systems in Southern Brazil. The orchards consisted of alternate rows from 10 to 12-year old 'Royal Gala' and 'Fuji' apple trees on M.7 rootstocks, grown as slender spindles, on 4x6 m spacing. Eighteen apple trees of each cultivar and management system were randomly selected and assessed for nutrition, flowering, fruit set, yield, and fruit quality during two growing seasons (2002/2003 and 2003/2004). The organic management system resulted in lower concentrations of K, Mg, and N in leaves and fruits, and in smaller fruits for both cultivars, and lower fruit yield for 'Fuji' than from the conventional production system. For both cultivars, fruits from the organic orchard harvested at commercial maturity had a more yellowish skin background color, higher percentage of blush in the fruit skin, higher soluble solids content, higher density, higher flesh firmness, and higher severity of russet than fruits from the conventional orchard. Fruit from the organic orchard had lower titratable acidity in 'Royal Gala', and higher incidence of moldy core and lower incidence of watercore in 'Fuji', than fruit from the conventional orchard. A non-trained sensory panel detected no significant differences for fruit attributes of taste, flavor and texture between fruit from the production systems for either cultivar.

scholarly journals Sulu Şartlar İçin Geliştirilen Ekmeklik Buğday Çeşitlerine Optik Sensor ile Azotlu Gübre Tavsiyesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1882-1891
Author(s):  
Erdinc Savasli
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

This study was conducted at Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute in Eskisehir, in 2017-2019 growing seasons. In the study, responses of four winter wheat cultivars (Atay85, Hat 31, Yunus and Nacibey) to nitrogen fertilization under irrigation conditions were compared with vegetation indices based on spectral reflection and In- Season Estimates of Yield calculated from these indices. GreenSeekerTM (NTech Industries, Inc., Ukiah,CA) hand-held sensor was used for this purpose. The experimental layout were used 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg N/da nitrogen rates 2 factor factorial in randomized complete block design in the experiment. Vegetation indices (NDVI) were obtained at growth stages Zadoks2,4, Zadoks3,0, Zadoks3,1 and Zadoks3,2. Zadoks3,0 (stem elongation) was found to be the most realistic reading time. A comparison of the system with traditional farmer applications, based on the average of 3 experiment fields, the new system was shown to give similar yields with 2,8 kg/da less N in the spring (ZD3,0), showing its economically promising value. The sensor application is determined to be 2% more economically effective than farmer application. Economic nitrogen dose respectively Atay85, Hat 31, Yunus and Nacibey was determined as the nitrogen dose 12,6 kgN/da, 14,1 kgN/ da, 14,4 kg N/da and 17,9 kgN/da.

scholarly journals 1020 ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND APPLICATION OF NITROGEN TO OPTIMIZE YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY IN APPLES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 574d-574
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Fallahi ◽  
Brenda R. Simons ◽  
John K. Fellman ◽  
W.M. Colt
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
High Level ◽  
Bud Initiation

Influence of different quantity and timing of nitrogen application on various physiological aspects of `Redspur Delicious' apple, including nutritional partitioning, bud initiation, fruit set, yield, fruit quality and nitrate movement in the soil were studied over several growing seasons. Urea at the rates of: 40.2 Kg/ha; 160.8 Kg/ha; 281.3 g/ha; 401.9 Kg/ha; 522.4 K /ha were applied. Each rate of urea was applied: all at full bloom; half at full bloom and half at late spring; or all in fall. In 1993, time of application did not influence yield, fruit weight, color or soluble solids at harvest. Trees that received 401.9 and with 522.4 Kg/ha had higher yield than those with other quantities. Trees with 160.8 and 281.3 Kg/ha had higher yield than trees with 40.2 Kg/ha. Fruit weight in all quantities, except that of 522.4 Kg/ha, were similar. Fruit weight of trees with 522.4 K /ha was reduced. Fruit color was reduced as N quantities increased. Trees with 40.2 Kg/ha N had lower soluble solids than all other quantities. A high level of N increased ethylene and respiration in the fruit. Thus, if the poor color of fruit is due to high nitrogen, a long delay in harvest to improve the color could lead to an over ripe fruit. A preliminary test did not indicate harmful levels of nitrates movement in the soil.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Rates and Time of Application on Yield of Maize: Rainfall Variability Influenced Time of N Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zerihun Abebe ◽  
Hailu Feyisa
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
N Application ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Four Levels

Despite the fact that maize productivity is relatively better than other major cereal crops, its current productivity is still far below its potential productivity. N rate and time of application are among the major abiotic factors limiting the productivity of the crop. Because of such gaps, the experiment was conducted at Bako Agricultural Research Center in 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons to determine optimum N rate and time of application. Four levels of N rates (46, 69, 92, and 115 N kg ha−1) and four levels (T1, T2, T3, and T4) of different time of N application were arranged in factorial combinations. Moreover, previously recommended N and the control were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. In 2013, the highest significant biomass yield (21.2 tha−1) was obtained at 115 N kg ha−1 and T4 followed by 69 N kg ha−1 at T1 and T2 and 92 N kg ha−1 at T2. In contrast, the highest grain yield in 2013 was obtained at 92 N kg ha−1 at T2 followed by 115 N kg ha−1 at either T2 or T4 and 69 N kg ha−1 at either T1 or T3 application time. Interestingly, a significant yield increase by 37% was obtained when 92 N kg ha−1 at the time of T2 was applied compared to previous recommended 110 N kg ha−1 rate and time of application. In 2014, however, the highest yield was recorded when 92 N kg ha−1 at T1 was used. Application of 46 N kg ha−1 at T2 showed statistically similar yield performance when compared with previous N recommendation. The lowest yield was recorded from the control plot in both years. In 2013, the maximum net profit and acceptable marginal rate of return (MMR) were obtained when 92 N kg ha−1 at T2 was used for maize production during erratic and heavy rainfall distribution, particularly at a time of N application. However, the maximum net benefit (30743 ETB ha−1) and acceptable MRR could be obtained when 92 N kg ha−1 at T1 was used if the rainfall amount and distribution are relatively uniform. In conclusion, application of 92 N kg ha−1 at T1 (10–15 DAP and 35–40 DAP) is the best N rate and time of application in good rainy seasons and hence recommended for the end users. However, in the case of erratic and heavy rainy seasons, application of 92 N kg ha−1 at three times application regimes (1/3 N at 10–15 days after planting (DAP), 1/3 N at 35–40 DAP and 55–60 DAP) should be used to get maximum profit and acceptable MRR.

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield traits in some primitive wheat genotypes to ensure sustainability of wheat production

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Maysoun Mohamad Saleh ◽  
Fariza Alsarhan Alsarhan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Study was conducted at Al-Raqqa Research Centre in The General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in Syria during the growing seasons 2011/2012. Eight primitive wheat genotypes and two local cultivated varieties were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications, yield components (number of fertile tillers, number and weight of grains per spike and weight of thousand grain) were studied. Results showed that the genotype Persian 64 was significantly superior in three traits of yield components (number of fertile tillers, number and weight of grains per spike) comparing to the check sham5, and also the genotype Polish 194 was significantly superior in weight of thousand grain comparing to both checks sham3 and sham5 (53.12, 40.80, 40.02) g respectively with an increase rate 30.20% and 32.73% comparing to both checks sham3 and sham5 respectively. It is recommended to use the superior genotypes in breeding programs to ensure the sustainability of wheat production.

scholarly journals Ammonium thiosulfate as blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple trees

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1132-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas De Ross Marchioretto ◽  
Andrea De Rossi ◽  
Micheli Fochesato Michelon ◽  
Julio Cesar Orlandi ◽  
Leonardo Oliboni do Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Thiosulfate ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using ammonium thiosulfate as a chemical blossom thinner in 'Maxi Gala' apple (Malus domestica) trees and its effects on fruit quality. The experiment was carried out in an experimental orchard in the Southern Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with five replicates. Ammonium thiosulfate was sprayed on the apple trees at the full bloom stage, at 0, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5%. Evaluations were performed for the effects on crop load, fruit set, yield efficiency, and fruit quality parameters such as weight, shape, total soluble solids, seed number, flesh firmness, color, and russeting occurrence. Ammonium thiosulfate at 2.5% is effective to reduce crop load and to improve fruit quality. The thinning effect of ammonium thiosulfate is not dependent on the weather conditions during the crop season. The rate of 3.5% of ammonium thiosulfate causes overthinning and does not result in the improvement of fruit quality.

scholarly journals   The effect of calcium foliar fertilizers on cv. Ligol apples

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lanauskas ◽  
N. Kviklienė ◽  
N. Uselis ◽  
D. Kviklys ◽  
L. Buskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
First Year ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Bitter Pit ◽  
Liquid Calcium ◽  
Positive Effect

The effects of calcium fertilizers on cv. Ligol apples were studied in the experiment conducted at the Lithuanian Institute of Horticulture in 2007&ndash;2009. Fertilizers were applied four or eight times from June to September on the 8<sup>th</sup>&ndash;9<sup>th</sup> leaf of apple trees on P 22 rootstock. Calcium nitrate or liquid calcium fertilizers were used. The results differed over the years of experiment. During the first year, four applications of liquid calcium fertilizers significantly reduced the Mg/Ca ratio in fruit, whereas in 2008 the tendency of decrease in the ratios of K/Ca and Mg/Ca at both fertilizers was observed. The bitter pit incidence rate on stored apples of the 2007 yield was 1.5&ndash;3.0%. The eight applications of liquid calcium fertilizers significantly reduced the incidence of bitter pit after storage. In 2008, higher fruit calcium content and lower ratios of N/Ca, K/Ca, and Mg/Ca were detected. Moreover, these apples were not affected by bitter pit. The worse fruit quality of the 2007 yield could be linked to the abundant rainfall during 2007 vegetation season. However, the application of fertilizers had a positive effect on natural weight loss and fruit flesh firmness after storage. &nbsp;

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