Reciprocal recurrent selection for obtaining water-deficit tolerant maize progeny

ABSTRACT: In view of the need to increase genetic variability to obtain materials with a significant capacity to drought tolerance, this study conducted a cycle of a reciprocal recurrent selection of full-sib families of maize. To this end, 64 full-sib families of maize were evaluated in two environments according to their morpho-agronomic data in a randomized block design with two replicates. It were analyzed of Male flowering (MF); Female flowering (FF); Flowering interval (IF); days for flowering (DF); Plant height (PH); Ear height (EH); number of plants at the Stand (NPS); Number of broken plant (NBrP); Number of bedded plants (NBeP); Strawing (St); Ear length (EL); Ear diameter (ED); Ear number (EN); Prolificacy (Pr); Number of diseased ears (NDE); Number of ears attacked by pests (NEP); Ear weight (EW); Yield (YIE) and Total Chlorophyll Index (TCI). The analysis of variance was performed by the F test at 5% significance level, and also the evaluation of genetic parameters. Regarding morpho-agronomic data, the analysis of variance and the analysis of genetic parameters showed that there was no interaction genotype x environment with regard to the genetic variability among the families under study. Lastly, the final selection of the superior genotypes was made on the basis of the ranking of the 40 most productive families, from which, combined with the molecular data, the 30 most productive, most drought-tolerant, and most genetically diverse ones were selected to compose the next cycle of recurrent maize selection aiming water-stress tolerance.

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Selection gains for the palm oil production from progenies of American oil palm with oil palm

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.02321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

Author(s):

Rui Alberto Gomes Junior ◽

Alessandra Ferraiolo de Freitas ◽

Raimundo Nonato Vieira da Cunha ◽

Antônio José de Abreu Pina ◽

Higo Otávio Brochado Campos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Oil Production ◽

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽

Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Selection Of

Abstract The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters, correlations, and selection gains for the oil production of interspecific hybrids progenies between American oil palm, of ‘Manicoré’ origin, and oil palm, of ‘La Mé’ origin. Thirty-nine progenies were evaluated from the sixth to the ninth year after planting, for the productivity of fresh fruit bunches (PROD_FFB), oil content in the bunch (OCB), and palm oil productivity (PROD_OP). The genetic parameters and gains from direct (GDS) and indirect (GIS) selection were estimated for PROD_OP. High values of heritability for the CVg/CVe ratio indicated favorable conditions for the selection. With the selection of 20% of the progenies (selection in both sexes), the following estimates were obtained: 11.15% GDS for PROD_OP, 9.1% GIS for OCB, and 8.1% GIS for PROD_FFB. The PROD_OP of the progenies was of 6,175, 6,057, and 5,995 kg ha-1 per year with GDS and GIS for OCB and PROD_FFB, respectively. The restricted selection of the LM2T male genitor offspring resulted in 5.1% estimated GSD and in a mean of 5,800 kg ha-1 per year for PROD_OP. Selection gains for PROD_OP can be achieved immediately through the selection restricted to oil palm male genitors, and, in the medium and long term, through the interspecific reciprocal recurrent selection between American oil palm and oil palm populations.

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Genetic progress in maize from advanced cycles of reciprocal recurrent selection through REML/BLUP

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.20.14.08.p2562 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1295-1301

Author(s):

José Arantes Ferreira Júnior ◽

Gabriel Moreno Bernardo Gonçalves ◽

Jocarla Ambrosim Crevelari ◽

Julio Cesar Fiorio Vettorazzi ◽

Vivane Mirian Lanhellas Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Mixed Models ◽

Variance Components ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽

Genetic Progress ◽

Advanced Cycles ◽

Selection Of

Breeding methods such as reciprocal recurrent selection (RRS) is very important alternative to breeders. This strategy, besides allowing continuous genetic progress, helps maintaining the genetic variability of populations. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters, as well as to predict selection gains in advanced cycles of reciprocal recurrent selection of maize progenies through mixed models. Two selection cycles were considered. We evaluated 196 and 169 progenies in the 15 and 16 cycles, respectively. The yield potential of the progenies was evaluated from the following characteristics: grain yield, number of ears, weight of ears and weight of 100 seeds. The estimate of variance components and the prediction of genetic values were based on the REML/BLUP method. Overall, the genetic parameters were increased in the 16th cycle estimates compared to the previous cycle. It is worth highlighting that heritability coefficient for the grain yield was (0.81) in the 16th cycle, since it resulted in 21% of selection gain. Results showed that, even after sixteen recurrent selection cycles, the populations under selection have high potential for satisfactory genetic gains.

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Genetic Gains to Grain Yield of Maize Varieties for Small Farmers in Brazil

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i1230622 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Ana Paula Cândido Gabriel Berilli ◽

Rafael Nunes de Almeida ◽

Luis Eduardo Gottardo ◽

Monique Moreira Moulin ◽

Messias Gonzaga Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Food Sovereignty ◽

Block Design ◽

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽

Maize Breeding ◽

Genetic Gains ◽

Maize Populations ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Small Producers

The demand for expanding the genetic base in working collections of older maize breeding programs points to the need to pool efforts and reaffirm methodologies for conserving genetic variability that can still be accessed in maize populations. The objective of the work was to select full sib maize progenies and to estimate genetic gains in the first cycle of reciprocal recurrent selection for common maize intended for cultivation in a region characterized by family farm, in Brazil. We evaluated 120 full sib families of maize from crossbreeding between individuals of the Cimmyt and Piranão varieties. Competition trials were conducted at two experimental stations in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. A randomized block design was adopted with 2 repetitions, arranged in sets. Different selection indexes were tested in order to enhance gains in productivity and prolificacy. The selection of 40 superior families made it possible to estimate a gain of 0.77 Mg ha-1 in grain productivity for producers in the region. With these results, we discussed the importance of work to improve maize populations for small producers to motivate the conservation of the genetic variability of tropical maize germplasm. Thus, from the results obtained in this study, we show the possibility of investing in technologies aimed at small producers in order to motive the conservation of genetic resources, food sovereignty of producers and, consequently, world security, given the importance of this culture for human feed.

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EFFECTS OF BELT SPEED, PRESSURE AND GRIT SIZE ON THE SANDING OF Pinus elliottii WOOD

CERNE ◽

10.1590/01047760201521011216 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manoel Cléber de Sampaio Alves ◽

Luiz Fernando Frezzatti Santiago ◽

Marcos Tadeu Tiburcio Gonçalves ◽

Ivaldo De Domênico Valarelli ◽

Francisco Mateus Faria de Almeida Varasquim

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Block Design ◽

Pinus Elliottii ◽

Grit Size ◽

Significance Level ◽

Belt Speed ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Four Levels ◽

Temperature Levels

The present paper aims to evaluate the influence of the factors (belt speed, pressure and grit size) on the output parameters (temperature and surface roughness) for Pinus elliottii wood sanding, processed parallel to the fibers. Three levels of belt speed, three levels of pressure and four levels of grit size were employed, with six replicates for each process, totaling 216 observations. The experiment conducted under a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results were analyzed employing the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 5% of significance level. Only grit sizes were significant to different temperature levels. The same outcome was observed for roughness, where only grits sizes were significant. No interaction between the pressure and belt speed factors were observed for all the results analyzed.

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Genetic parameters and estimated genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2013000400009 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 411-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cecília Khusala Verardi ◽

Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior ◽

Guilherme Augusto Peres Silva ◽

Lígia Regina Lima Gouvêa ◽

Paulo de Souza Gonçalves

Keyword(s):

Genetic Gain ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

First Year ◽

Genetic Gains ◽

Selection Gain ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Using Data ◽

Selection Of

The objective of this work was to assess the genetic parameters and to estimate genetic gains in young rubber tree progenies. The experiments were carried out during three years, in a randomized block design, with six replicates and ten plants per plot, in three representative Hevea crop regions of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-two progenies were evaluated, from three to five years old, for rubber yield and annual girth growth. Genetic gain was estimated with the multi-effect index (MEI). Selection by progenies means provided greater estimated genetic gain than selection based on individuals, since heritability values of progeny means were greater than the ones of individual heritability, for both evaluated variables, in all the assessment years. The selection of the three best progenies for rubber yield provided a selection gain of 1.28 g per plant. The genetic gains estimated with MEI using data from early assessments (from 3 to 5-year-old) were generally high for annual girth growth and rubber yield. The high genetic gains for annual girth growth in the first year of assessment indicate that progenies can be selected at the beginning of the breeding program. Population effective size was consistent with the three progenies selected, showing that they were not related and that the population genetic variability is ensured. Early selection with the genetic gains estimated by MEI can be made on rubber tree progenies.

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Selección para calidad fisiológica de la semilla y rendimiento en líneas S2 derivadas de cuatro poblaciones tropicales de maíz (Zea mays L.)

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/am.v7i1.24790 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

Enrique Navarro ◽

Cristina Vega ◽

Fernando Narváez ◽

Hugo Córdova

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variability ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Recurrent Selection ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽

Laboratory Conditions ◽

Flower Plant ◽

Ear Height ◽

Field And Laboratory Conditions

This study was carried out in 1993 to evaluate S2 lines from four maize tropical populations improved by reciprocal recurrent selection. These lines were evaluated under field and laboratory conditions, the latter one to determine physiology quality. The main goal was to measure genetic variability within and among populations for traits such as grain yield, vigor and germination and to select the best lines under field and laboratory conditions. The combined analysis of variance showed great genetic variability among the S2 lines within and among populations for grain yield, days to flower, plant and ear height, among others. The maximum genetic variability was observed on the lines from population 43 and pool 23 for most of the traits, although the latter showed a greater genetic variability for grain yield. Besides, it is important to mention that the above populations included the best genotypes for grain yield, germination and vigor. Taking into account the above mentionel agronomic traits, fifteen lines were selected; 2 belong to population 43* pool 20, 2 from pool 19* pool 23, 8 from population 43, and 3 from pool 23. These results confirm the genetic superiority of the lines from populations 43 and pool 23, so that these populations should be recommended for future genetic improvement by reciprocal recurrent procedures.

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PENGARUH KOMBINASI TEPUNG BEKATUL DAN TEPUNG MENIR C4 TERHADAP BEBERAPA KOMPONEN MUTU COOKIES

Pro Food ◽

10.29303/profood.v3i2.50 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 207-216

Author(s):

Mira Idora ◽

Agustono Prarudiyanto ◽

Ahmad Alamsyah

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Block Design ◽

Rice Flour ◽

Ash Content ◽

Research Use ◽

Anova Analysis ◽

Significance Level ◽

White Rice ◽

Randomized Block Design

The purpose of this research was to know the best combination of rice bran and grains of rice flour that cloud be seen from some quality components of cookies include moisture, protein and ash content, organoleptic quality such as flavour referring to National Indonesian Standard (SNI). This research use Compoletely Randomized Block Design, consist of six treatments (100% wheat flour, 30% rice bran: 70% grains of rice flour, 40% rice bran: 60% grains of rice flour, 50% rice bran: 50% grains of rice flour, 60% rice bran: 40% grains of rice flour, 70% rice bran: 30% grains of rice flour) with three replications. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance diversity at 5% significance level using Co-Stat Software and tested further using Orthogonal Polynomials test if there was real difference. The results showed that the proportion of rice bran and grain of rice flour had significant effect on taste, aroma, texture and color (hedonic and scoring), protein and ash content, but not significantly different to moisture of cookies. The results of this study also showed that the proportion of white rice brain and grains of rice flour which produced cookies with the best quality in accordance with SNI quality requirements was the treatment of 30% rice bran: 70% grains of rice flour (4.8008% moisture, 6.0461% protein content and 1.9274% ash content, with flavor, aroma, texture and color which was very favored by the panelists where cookies with yellowish brown color and slightly crunchy texture). Keywords:cookies, grains of rice flour, rice bran flour, white rice. ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kombinasi terbaik dari tepung bekatul dan tepung menirterbaik dilihat dari beberapa komponen mutu cookies meliputi kadarair, kadar protein, kadar abu dan mutu organoleptik seperti bau, rasa, aroma dan tekstur yang mengacu pada Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri dari enam perlakuan (Tepung terigu 100%, Tepung Bekatul 30%: Tepung Menir 70%, Tepung Bekatul 40% : Tepung Menir 60%, Tepung Bekatul 50% : Tepung Menir 50%, Tepung Bekatul 60% : Tepung Menir 40% dan Tepung Bekatul 70%: Tepung Menir 30%) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis keragaman ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 5% menggunakan Software Co-Stat dan diuji lanjut menggunakan uji lanjut Polinomial Ortogonal jika terdapat beda nyata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi tepung bekatul dan tepung menir memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap parameter rasa, aroma, tektur dan warna (Hedonic dan Scoring), kadar protein dan kadar abu, namun tidak berbeda nyata terhadap kadar air cookies. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa proporsi tepung bekatul dan tepung menir yang menghasilkan cookies dengan mutu terbaik yang sesuai dengan syarat mutu SNI adalah perlakuan tepung bekatul 30% : tepung menir 70% (kadar air 4,8008%, kadar protein 6,0461% dan kadar abu 1,9274%, dengan rasa, aroma, tektur dan warna sangat disukai panelis dimana cookies berwarnacokelat kekuningan dan tekstur agak renyah). Kata kunci:beras putih, cookies, tepung bekatul, tepung menir

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Genetic parameters and performance of sugarcane families under cold stress in the South of Brazil

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2018000500007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 583-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mario Alvaro Aloisio Verissimo ◽

Ricardo Augusto de Oliveira ◽

Sérgio Delmar dos Anjos e Silva ◽

Edelclaiton Daros ◽

Adílson Härter

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Mixed Model ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Progress ◽

Incomplete Block Design ◽

Sib Families ◽

Heritability Estimates ◽

And Performance ◽

South Of Brazil

Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate the genetic parameters for the performance prediction of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) families under natural cold stress, in Southern Brazil, and to identify the best combinations of parents aiming at the selection for tolerance to cold. Fifty-three full-sib families were evaluated in an incomplete block design, with five replicates per family, in the municipality of Pelotas, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Harvest occurred in August 2013, nine months after planting and after cold spells with negative temperatures down to -2.2ºC. Statistical analyses, performed with the mixed model methodology, detected significant differences among families. Heritability estimates among progeny means were higher than those of individual heritability. Estimates of genetic progress for the traits megagrams of stalks per hectare, megagrams of brix per hectare, and number of stalks indicated gains of 93.8, 91.0, and 53.3%, respectively. A set of eight promising families that combine high estimates for yield and cold stress tolerance was obtained.

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Study of repeatability and phenotypical stabilization in kale using frequentist, Bayesian and bootstrap resampling approaches

Acta Scientiarum Agronomy ◽

10.4025/actasciagron.v41i1.42606 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 42606

Author(s):

Orlando Gonçalves Brito ◽

Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior ◽

Alcinei Mistico de Azevedo ◽

Luan Mateus Silva Donato ◽

Lidiane Rodrigues Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

Bootstrap Resampling ◽

Average Mass ◽

Estimated Parameters ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Bayesian Methodologies ◽

Selection Of

The aim of this study was to obtain information for the genetic improvement of kale through repeatability and phenotypic stabilization studies and to compare methodologies that represent the reliability of the estimated parameters. Thirty-three half-sib progenies were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replicates and six plants per plot. Eight harvests were evaluated in terms of the yield of fresh leaves, number of shoots, number of leaves and average mass of leaves. Then, a phenotypic repeatability and stabilization study was performed, estimating the genetic parameters σ2a, σ²g, σ²e, and the coefficient of environmental variation and repeatability using the frequentist and Bayesian methodologies. To evaluate the reliability of these estimates, intervals were obtained using the frequentist, Bayesian and bootstrap methods. It was verified that the reliable selection of progenies of half-sib of kale can be achieved in four harvests that were realized between 95 and 170 days after planting. It was observed that the frequentist and Bayesian methodologies are better suited to obtain reliable estimates of the genetic parameters evaluated, as the last one provided smaller amplitudes for the obtained intervals. The bootstrap methodologies are not recommended for phenotypic repeatability and stabilization studies in kale.

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446 PB 259 GAIN FROM RECURRENT SELECTION IN FOUR FRESH-MARKET CUCUMBER POPULATIONS

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.495b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 495b-495

Author(s):

Todd C. Wehner

Keyword(s):

Recurrent Selection ◽

Block Design ◽

Summer Season ◽

Spring Season ◽

Fresh Market ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Sib Families ◽

Quality Rating ◽

Population Improvement

Several major traits (yield, earliness, quality) of interest to cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) breeders are quantitatively inherited. The objective of this study was to determine the progress made on such traits using recurrent selection in 4 fresh-market cucumber populations (NCWBS, NCMBS, NCES1, NCBA1). During population improvement, 1 to 2 replications of 200 to 335 half-sib families were evaluated for 5 traits: total, early and marketable fruits per plot, a quality rating, and a simple weighted index (=.2Total/2 + .3Early + .2%Marketable/10 + .3Quality). Families from each population were intercrossed in an isolation block during each summer using remnant seeds of the best 10% selected using the index. Progress was evaluated using a split-plot treatment arrangement in a randomized complete block design with 32 replications in each of 2 seasons (spring and summer). Whole plots were the 4 populations, and subplots were the 11 cycles (cycles 0-9 plus checks). Greatest gains were made for the NCBA1 population, with an average of 45% gain from cycle 0 to 9 over the 5 traits, and for early yield, with an average of 58% gain from cycle 0 to 9 over the 4 populations. Populations were improved for performance in a selected (spring season) as well as a non-selected environment (summer season).

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