The causes of bullying: results from the National Survey of School Health (PeNSE)

Objective: to identify the characteristics and reasons reported by Brazilian students for school bullying. Method: this cross-sectional study uses data from an epidemiological survey (National Survey of School Health) conducted in 2012. A total of 109,104 9th grade students from private and public schools participated. Data were collected through a self-applied questionnaire and the analysis was performed using SPSS, version 20, Complex Samples Module. Results: the prevalence of bullying was 7.2%, most frequently affecting Afro-descendant or indigenous younger boys, whose mothers were characterized by low levels of education. In regard to the reasons/causes of bullying, 51.2% did not specify; the second highest frequency of victimization was related to body appearance (18.6%); followed by facial appearance (16.2%); race/color (6.8%); sexual orientation 2.9%; religion 2.5%; and region of origin 1.7%. The results are similar to those found in other sociocultural contexts. Conclusion: the problem belongs to the health field because it gathers aspects that determine the students' health-disease-care continuum.

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A cross-sectional study on extensive gaming in adolescents

Journal of Public Health Research ◽

10.4081/jphr.2021.2498 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Frida André ◽

Emma Claesdotter-Knutsson ◽

Maria Fridh ◽

Carl Delfin ◽

Anders Håkansson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

School Health ◽

Subjective Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Physical Symptoms ◽

Child And Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

9Th Grade

Background: Extensive gaming and the consequences thereof is frequently reported from child and adolescent psychiatry and school health care. The behavior is associated with compulsion, psychiatric and physical symptoms, impaired cognitive development and poorer school performance. This phenomenon has been described as an emergent health issue for men and little is known about its potential gender-specific characteristics. The aim of this study was to explore extensive gaming among male and female adolescents and to investigate whether the frequency of often feeling low, often feeling anxious, self-reported ADHD, self-reported ASD, being satisfied with one’s own general health, poor sleep, loneliness, and having tried smoking, alcohol, and/or other substances differed among those with and without extensive gaming.Design and Methods: This study was based on data collected through a public health survey distributed in 2016 to pupils in 9th grade of primary school and in second grade of secondary school, including a total of 13498 participants. The association between extensive gaming and different factors was estimated among male and female respondents separately.Results: Roughly 30% of the male and 5% of the female respondents were categorized as extensive gamers. Extensive gaming was associated with a higher prevalence of poor sleep and a lower prevalence of being satisfied with one’s own health among boys and (to a higher degree) among girls.Conclusions: Altogether, our results contribute to the impression that extensive gaming is more heavily related to subjective health complaints among female than male adolescents.

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Family and School Context: Effects on the Mental Health of Brazilian Students

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176042 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6042

Author(s):

Daise Fernanda Santos Souza Escobar ◽

Thais Ferreira de Jesus ◽

Priscilla Rayanne e Silva Noll ◽

Matias Noll

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Peer Relationships ◽

School Health ◽

Context Effects ◽

School Context ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Life ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Brazilian Students

Mental health during adolescence can affect an individual’s long-term quality of life. However, the effects of family and school contexts on students’ mental health have been little explored. This study aims to analyze the relationships between family and school life and feelings of loneliness and trouble sleeping owing to worries in adolescents. The data from this cross-sectional study were obtained from Brazil’s National School Health Survey (PeNSE), which obtained its data through questionnaires. This study’s sample consisted of 102,072 ninth-grade students aged between 11 and 19 years, 52,782 (51.7%) of whom were female, enrolled in public and private schools throughout Brazil. The methodology consisted of an analysis using the Poisson regression model. Regarding the family context, mental health issues were associated with hunger, distant relationships with parents, and family violence. Regarding the school context, feelings of loneliness and trouble sleeping were associated with poor peer relationships, insecurity at school, and schools in more violent areas. This study contributes to the elaboration of public policies aimed at bringing awareness to family members and school bodies that indicators of mental health in adolescents are influenced by the quality of bonds established within these environments.

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Prevalence and determinants of overweight/obesity among school-aged adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study of private and public schools

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038667 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e038667

Author(s):

Wegdan Baniissa ◽

Hadia Radwan ◽

Rachel Rossiter ◽

Randa Fakhry ◽

Nabeel Al-Yateem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

United Arab Emirates ◽

Private Schools ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Self Report ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Private And Public ◽

Physically Inactive

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence and predictors of obesity among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingPrivate and public secondary schools.ParticipantsAdolescents aged 13–19 years; 434 (46.6%) from private schools and 498 (53.4%) from public schools.MeasuresSelf-report questionnaires were used to assess adolescents’ sociodemographic factors, fruit/vegetable (F/V) intake and physical activity. Participants’ weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference and body fat percentage (%BF) were measured, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Overweight/obesity was determined by BMI ≥85th percentile for age, abdominal obesity (AO) (WC, WHtR and WHR) and %BF.ResultsA total of 34.7% of participants were overweight/obese (BMI ≥85th percentile) and 378 (40.6%) had high %BF. AO was noted in 47.3%, 22.7% and 27.1% of participants, based on WC, WHR and WHtR, respectively. Significantly more participants from public schools were overweight/obese (37.8% vs 31.1%) and had greater AO (based on WC, WHR, WHtR) compared with those from private schools. Predictors of obesity based on BMI were: consuming less than five servings of F/V (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.41, 95% CI: 1.73 to 3.36), being physically inactive (AOR 2.09, CI: 1.36 to 3.22) and being men (AOR 3.35, 95% CI: 2.20 to 5.10). Predictors of AO were being men (WC: AOR 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.00; WHtR: AOR 2.72, 95% CI: 1.81 to 4.08); studying at public school (WHR: AOR 1.67, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.66); being Emirati (WHR: AOR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.90); consuming less than five servings of F/V (WC: AOR 1.71, 95% CI: 1.27 to 2.30; WHtR: AOR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.03), and being physically inactive (WC: AOR 1.63; 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.35).ConclusionsFocused interventions are needed to combat obesity while considering AO indicators and BMI to diagnose obesity in adolescents.

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What is the contribution of each physical activity domain to total physical activity in adolescents?

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e70170 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Josiene de Oliveira Couto ◽

Raphael Henrique Oliveira Araujo ◽

Ellen Caroline Mendes da Silva ◽

Nara Michelle Moura Soares ◽

Antonio Evaldo dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Education ◽

School Health ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Total Physical Activity ◽

Active Commuting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

9Th Grade ◽

Gender Type

Abstract The present study aimed to verify the contribution of different physical activity domains to “total physical activity” in Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the third edition of the National School Health Survey - PeNSE, 2015. The sample consisted of 100,497 adolescents of both sexes enrolled in the 9th grade of elementary schools. A linear regression model was used to verify how much each domain contributed to total physical activity, considering gender, type of municipality and region. The domain with the largest contribution to “total physical activity” regardless of sociodemographic and environmental variables was “extra-school physical activity” (R2 = 0.60), followed by “active commuting” (R2 = 0.34), and finally “Physical Education classes” (R2 = 0.23). The contribution of the different domains varied by gender, type of municipality and region, and it was concluded that “extra-school physical activity” make the greatest contribution to “total physical activity”, followed by “active commuting” and “Physical Education classes”. In addition, variation was observed in the contribution of domains by gender, type of municipality and region.

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Appraisal of the Perceptions of Teachers on the Implementation of School Health Services in Private and Public Secondary Schools in Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2021/v19i230307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 80-87

Author(s):

Onyechi Nwankwo ◽

Lois N. Omaka-Amari ◽

Eunice N. Afoke ◽

Ifeyinwa M. Okeke ◽

Jude N. Nwafor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Health Services ◽

Secondary Schools ◽

School Health ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

School Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Private And Public ◽

Perceptions Of Teachers

Aims: The purpose of this paper is to appraise the perceptions of teachers on the implementation of school health services in Private and Public Secondary Schools in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Background: Health is an essential commodity that every living human bargain for and is the prerequisite determinant of our overall achievements be it academic, social, economic and political dimesions. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed to appraise the perceptions of teachers on the implementation of school health services in private and public secondary schools in Ebonyi state. Using the multistage sampling technique a total of 160 teachers who consented to participate in the study were enrolled. A self-developed questionnaire titled: Appraisal of the Perceptions of Teachers on the Implementation of School Health Service (APTISHS) was used for data collection. Results: The findings revealed that the perceptions of teachers on the implementation of school health services in private and public secondary schools in Ebonyi state were generally poor with the Mean score 2 and 2.2 respectively. However, despite the low perception on the implementation, private schools were more favoured than public schools in areas like: Availability of personnel (P-value: 0.00); Health records (P-value: 0.00), Quality of first aid box (P-value: 0.01). Conclusion: While efforts are made to revamp school health services in all schools, a heightened attention should be given to public schools. For an effective implementation of the school health services government should set up an implementation and evaluation committee or monitoring team. The team should composed of stakeholders from both ministries of Education and Health, school managements in both public and private including their association bodies, parent association and the communities hosting the schools. This body will facilitate issues to be agreed upon and enforcement more realistic.

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Racial and regional inequalities of dental pain in adolescents: Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), 2009 to 2015

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/0102-311x00108620 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Francine Costa ◽

Andrea Wendt ◽

Caroline Costa ◽

Luiz Alexandre Chisini ◽

Bernardo Agostini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

National Survey ◽

School Health ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Northern Region ◽

School Type ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over Time

Abstract: The aim of the study is: (a) investigate the racial inequalities as one specific dimension that affects dental pain in Brazilian adolescents; and (b) investigate the regional variations of dental pain. This cross-sectional study used data from Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE), carried out with adolescents in 2009, 2012 and 2015. Dental pain was evaluated through the question: “Did you have dental pain in the last six months?”. The main exposures were race and Brazilian regions, used to evaluate inequalities related to the outcome. Sex, age, school type and maternal education were used as covariables. The statistical significance of the trends in dental pain was tested using linear regression. The analysis was conducted in Stata 13.0 statistical package using the svy command. The standard prevalence of dental pain was 18.8%, 21.1% and 23.7%, showing an increasing trend over time (p < 0.001). We observed absolute inequalities in dental pain related to race and regions. A higher prevalence was found in non-white girls of public schools and in the Northern Region. The indexes of inequalities increased in the group of black girls, related to an increase of dental pain predominantly in girls whose mothers had lower educational level. It was observed that the prevalence of dental pain in Brazilian adolescents increased over time as well as its inequalities, which remained in marginalized populations and linked to Brazilian regions.

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Alcohol consumption among Brazilian Adolescents according to the National Adolescent School-based Health Survey (PeNSE 2012)

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia ◽

10.1590/1809-4503201400050016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. 203-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Deborah Carvalho Malta ◽

Isis Eloah Machado ◽

Denise Lopes Porto ◽

Marta Maria Alves da Silva ◽

Paula Carvalho de Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Private Schools ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public And Private ◽

9Th Grade ◽

School Based ◽

Brazilian Students

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of alcohol consumption among Brazilian students and identify the sociodemographic factors associated alcohol consumption in the last 30 days. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a cluster sample of 109,104 9th grade students in Brazilian public and private schools in 2012. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals of the indicators of alcohol consumption were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the students analyzed, 50.3% (95%CI 49.0 - 51.6) experimented one dose of alcoholic beverages or more. The consumption of alcohol in the last 30 days was 26.1% (95%CI 24.5 - 27.7), and there was no difference in prevalence between students from public and private schools. Drunkenness episodes were reported by 21.8% (95%CI 21.1 - 22.5) of the students. The perception of students about the negative reaction of their family if they came home drunk occurred in 89,7% (95%CI 89,6 - 89,9) of cases, and 10% (95%CI 8.9 - 11.1) of them reported having problems with their families or friends because they had been drinking. Among adolescents aged less than 14 years old, the first alcoholic drink intake was predominantly at 12 to 13 years old. The most common way to get a drink was at parties, with friends, buying in them in supermarkets, stores or bars and at home. The consumption of alcohol in the last 30 days was less frequent among boys, increasing with age. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the extension of alcohol as a problem, making it important to advance in measures such as the improvement of protective legislation for children and adolescents and stricter enforcement in alcohol sales.

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Conhecimento de escolares sobre aleitamento materno

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2019.241927 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Roseanne De Sousa Nobre ◽

Maurilo De Sousa Franco ◽

Gyzelda De Barros Sousa ◽

Míria Kayny Da Silva Leão ◽

Hiugo Santos Do Vale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

School Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Nursing ◽

Knowledge Level ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nursing Knowledge ◽

Sociodemographic Data ◽

Quantitative Descriptive

Objetivo: avaliar o nível de conhecimento de escolares sobre o aleitamento materno. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal em escolas públicas com 752 crianças. Aplicou-se um formulário semiestruturado, em seguida, os dados foram processados e analisados utilizando-se o Excel® 2000 e o software SPSS®, versão 20.0, for Windows. Consideraram-se, para todas as análises estatísticas inferenciais, como estatisticamente significantes àquelas com p < 0,05. Resultados: investigaram-se 307 crianças e informa-se que 59,6% dos participantes eram meninas, 78% residiam na zona urbana e 48,2% das famílias recebiam menos de um salário mínimo. Revela-se que a grande maioria das crianças (57,7%) apresentou conhecimento regular sobre o aleitamento materno e 36,2%, insuficiente e não houve associação estatisticamente significante entre o conhecimento e os dados sociodemográficos. Conclusão: avaliou-se o conhecimento de escolares sobre aleitamento materno e conclui-se que as crianças têm um conhecimento insatisfatório no que se refere ao tempo de duração, à introdução de outros líquidos, quanto às vantagens do aleitamento e introdução de outro leite, bem como ao uso de mamadeiras e chupetas. Descritores: Aleitamento Materno; Saúde da Criança; Serviços de Saúde Escolar; Serviços de Enfermagem Escolar; Conhecimento; Cuidados de Enfermagem.AbstractObjective: to evaluate the knowledge level of schoolchildren about breastfeeding. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study in public schools with 752 children. A semi-structured form was applied, and then the data was processed and analyzed using Excel® 2000 and SPSS® software version 20.0 for Windows. For all inferential statistical analyzes, we considered them as statistically significant to those with p <0.05. Results: 307 children were investigated and it is reported that 59.6% of the participants were girls, 78% lived in the urban area and 48.2% of the families received less than one minimum wage. It is revealed that the vast majority of children (57.7%) had regular knowledge about breastfeeding and 36.2%, insufficient and there was no statistically significant association between knowledge and sociodemographic data. Conclusion: the knowledge of schoolchildren about breastfeeding was evaluated and it was concluded that the children have a poor knowledge regarding the duration, the introduction of other liquids, the advantages of breastfeeding and the introduction of other milk, as well as how to use bottles and pacifiers. Descriptors: Breast Feeding; Child Health; School Health Services; School Nursing; Knowledge; Nursing Care.ResumenObjetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de los escolares sobre la lactancia materna. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal en escuelas públicas con 752 niños. Se aplicó un formulario semiestructurado, luego los datos se procesaron y analizaron con el Excel® 2000 y el software SPSS®, versión 20.0 para Windows. Para todos los análisis estadísticos inferenciales, los consideramos estadísticamente significativos para aquellos con p <0.05. Resultados: se investigaron 307 niños y se informa que el 59.6% de los participantes eran niñas, el 78% vivía en el área urbana y el 48.2% de las familias recibían menos de un salario mínimo. Se revela que la gran mayoría de los niños (57.7%) tenían conocimiento regular sobre la lactancia materna y 36.2%, insuficiente y no hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el conocimiento y los datos sociodemográficos. Conclusión: se evaluó el conocimiento de los escolares sobre la lactancia materna y se concluyó que los niños tienen poco conocimiento sobre la duración, la introducción de otros líquidos, las ventajas de la lactancia materna y la introducción de otra leche, así como el uso de biberones y chupetes. Descriptores: Lactancia Materna; Salud del Niño; Servicios de Salud Escolar; Servicios de Enfermería Escolar; Conocimiento; Atención de Enfermería.

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School Teachers' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards student interaction

10.31219/osf.io/mksu2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ali Mahmod Qasim Saleh ◽

Ahmed Yousif Al-Aqbi ◽

Saedi Falih Katib

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Remedial Education ◽

Mental Disease ◽

First Aid ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Basic Knowledge ◽

School Teachers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Private And Public ◽

Knowledge And Attitude

The attitudes and epilepsy-related knowledge of teachers are an important component of the educational experiences of children with epilepsy. Unfortunately, however, the exploration of teacher attitudes and knowledge has been extremely limited. The knowledge and attitude of school teachers can affect significantly the academic achievement, social development and the quality of life of epileptic students. However, this study is aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of school teachers towards students with epilepsy. Therefore, this cross-sectional study used a pretested, self-administered, 5-item questionnaire to evaluate the basic knowledge and attitude of Elementary, intermediate, and secondary schools‟ teachers as regards epilepsy. Schools were chosen at random and included private and public schools for male and female students. Meanwhile, the study included 342 teachers. 98.8% of the respondents heard about the disease, with no significant association with age (p = 0.205) or gender (p = 0.593). The common reported causes for epilepsy included mental disease (62.6%), spiritual possession (11.1%), electric charges in the brain (9.9%) and disturbed nerves (5.3%). 71.3% of respondents were willing to provide first aid during fits and objected to prevent epileptic students from studying (97.7%). Age was significantly associated with knowledge about causes of epilepsy (p = 0.008) and readiness to provide first aid (p = 0.012). Gender was not significantly associated with neither knowledge nor attitude of the respondents. In conclusion, it was found that knowledge of teachers about causes of epilepsy was not adequate. Also, most of them would treat epileptic students differently from their peers. Educational programs should be provided to school teachers to correct wrong beliefs about epilepsy and to train them on first aid measures during epileptic fits, which to focus remedial education and outreach efforts are identified. Available online at https://int-scientific-journals.com

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