scholarly journals Oviposition preference and larval performance of sugarcane borer in eight sugarcane genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vieira Pimentel ◽  
Adriano Cirino Tomaz ◽  
Bruno Portela Brasileiro ◽  
Luiz Alexandre Peternelli ◽  
Márcio Henrique Pereira Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Foliar Injury ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Sugarcane Borer ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Late Stages

ABSTRACT The sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fabr. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is one of the most important pests of sugarcane in the Americas. The purpose of this study was to assess multiple resistance traits in eight sugarcane genotypes against D. saccharalis, including five commercial cultivars and three exotic germplasm with potential to serve as resistance sources against this pest. The oviposition preference was assessed by using both free-choice and non-choice tests. The performance of both early stage larvae feeding on the leaves and late stages larvae feeding within the stalks were also assessed. There were differences among genotypes for number of both eggs and egg cluster in the free-choice test while no differences in non-choice test were observed. There were also differences in survival of early stage larvae feeding on the leaves, foliar injury rating and stalk damage. The genotype IM76-228 was the least preferred for oviposition and it seems that leaf width had some influence on adults’ preference rather than greening of the leaves. IM76-228 and RB867515 causes higher mortality of early stage larvae feeding in the stalks while IM76-228 and RB985523 had lower damage in both leaves and stalks. The genotype IM76-228 was the most resistant to D. saccharalis and could serve as genes sources for resistance in sugarcane breeding programs.

scholarly journals Antixenosis of bean genotypes to Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 450-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela Morando ◽  
Edson Luiz Lopes Baldin ◽  
Patrícia Leite Cruz ◽  
André Luiz Lourenção ◽  
Alisson Fernando Chiorato
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Dark Green ◽  
Soybean Looper ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Light Green ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens

The objective of this work was to evaluate bean genotypes for resistance to soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens). Initially, free-choice tests were carried out with 59 genotypes, divided into three groups according to leaf color intensity (dark green, light green, and medium green), in order to evaluate oviposition preference. Subsequently, 12 genotypes with high potential for resistance were selected, as well as two susceptible commercial standards. With these genotypes, new tests were performed for oviposition in a greenhouse, besides tests for attractiveness and consumption under laboratory conditions (26±2ºC, 65±10% RH, and 14 h light: 10 h dark photophase). In the no-choice test with adults, in the greenhouse, the 'IAC Jabola', Arcelina 1, 'IAC Boreal', 'Flor de Mayo', and 'IAC Formoso' genotypes were the least oviposited, showing antixenosis-type resistance for oviposition. In the free-choice test with larvae, Arcelina 4, 'BRS Horizonte', 'Pérola', H96A102-1-1-1-52, 'IAC Boreal', 'IAC Harmonia', and 'IAC Formoso' were the less consumed genotypes, which indicates antixenosis to feeding. In the no-choice test, all genotypes (except for 'IAPAR 57') expressed moderate levels of antixenosis to feeding against C. includens larvae.

scholarly journals Oviposition Preference of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) to Common Pulses and Potentiality of Triflumuron as their Protectant

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Fauzia Akhter ◽  
Rezina Laz ◽  
Selina Parween
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Callosobruchus Maculatus ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Green Peas

Seeds of black grams, lentils, Bengal grams and green peas were soaked separately in aqueous solutions of Triflumuron at doses of 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ppm. Three day -old adults of Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) were allowed to oviposit on air-dried, treated or untreated pulses of each type and dose in ‘no-choice' and ‘free-choice' tests. Maximum oviposition occurred in Bengal grams (61.00? 0.25) and green peas (33.67? 0.54) in ‘no-choice' and ‘free-choice' tests, respectively. The beetles avoided egg laying on lentils. Maximum egg-hatching occurred on black grams (>90%) in both tests. Minimum developmental time was required in the Bengal grams (30? 0.5 days in ‘no-choice' test and 31.33? 1.23 days in ‘free-choice' test). No adults emerged from green peas, while 54.79% and 86.15% emergence were recorded from untreated black grams in ‘no-choice' and ‘free-choice' tests, respectively. Triflumuron reduced egg-laying significantly in green peas, where hatchability also reduced significantly to 35.99% at 2 ppm in ‘no-choice' test. Percentage of hatching decreased in all pulses with the increasing doses of triflumuron. No adults emerged from the treated green peas in any test, and at 2 ppm the adult emergence declined to < 50% in all pulses. Implications of these results are further discussed.  Key words: Callosobruchus maculatus, Triflumuron, seed protectant, fecundity, hatchability, developmental period, adult emergence   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2207 J. bio-sci. 15: 83-88, 2007

Assessing resistance of sugarcane varieties to sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fab. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Tomaz ◽  
A.E. Coutinho ◽  
B.O. Soares ◽  
L.A. Peternelli ◽  
E.J.G. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Tunnel Length ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Sugarcane Borer ◽  
Diatraea Saccharalis ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Resistance Traits

AbstractIn this study, we investigated resistance traits to the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis Fab. (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in the leaves and stalks of six sugarcane cultivars in a series of greenhouse and laboratory assays. Investigation of plant factors and infestation rates to better discriminate stalk damage by the sugarcane borer indicated that infestation of 7-month-old, single plants with 20 larvae at the third or fourth instar per plant was suitable to assess tunneling length. Three cultivars (i.e. SP803280, RB928064, and RB835486) had lower stalk damage (i.e. tunnel length) than cultivar SP891115, which exhibited relatively greater susceptibility to tunneling by the borer. The time required for the larvae to enter the sugarcane stalk was longer for cultivar SP803280, indicating resistance traits on the stalk surface, which correlated with lower stalk damage. Larvae feeding on SP813250 stalks had the lowest weight gain, indicating that this cultivar has resistance traits to larval development within its stalks. Cultivars RB867515 and SP891115 resulted in the highest mortality of early-stage larvae feeding on leaves, indicating the presence of resistance factors in their leaves. Multi-trait cluster and principal component analyses placed the cultivars into three and four clusters, respectively. The cultivars placed in different groups that exhibited resistance to leaf feeding, stalk entrance, and tunneling by the sugarcane borer could be used for crossings in sugarcane breeding programs with the goal of obtaining higher levels of resistance to D. saccharalis.

scholarly journals Attractiveness, non-preference for feeding and oviposition to Ascia monuste orseis Godart (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in collard greens

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Nogueira ◽  
André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida ◽  
Marcelo Mueller de Freitas ◽  
Zulene Antonio Ribeiro ◽  
Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Collard Greens ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

ABSTRACT: Collard greens Brassica oleracea var. acephala is one of the most important horticultural grown in Brazil for human feeding. The caterpillar Ascia monuste orseis (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) stands out among the important pest in Brassicaceae causing severe plant defoliation. The objective of this study was to identify resistant genotypes (antixenosis) in 26 collard greens genotypes to A. monuste orseis. In free-choice test, randomized blocks were used; and in the non-choice test we adopted a completely randomized design. Manteiga de Jundiaí, crespa de Capão Bonito, couve de Arthur Nogueira 1, manteiga I-1811, manteiga de Ribeirão Pires I-1811, orelha-de-elefante and Pires 1 de Campinas presented antixenosis (non-preference for oviposition). Pires 1 de Campinas, manteiga I-1811, manteiga de São José, verde-escura and manteiga de Monte Alegre presented antixenosis (non-preference for feeding). These collard greens genotypes can be directly used by farmers for cultivation or by breeders as donor sources in breeding programs for resistance to A. monuste orseis.

scholarly journals How bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus, Coleoptera, Bruchinae) larvae die on legume seeds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Árpád Szentesi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Larval Development ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Bean Weevil ◽  
Acanthoscelides Obtectus ◽  
Choice Tests

Abstract Background The host specificity of the dry bean weevil, Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera: Bruchinae), a seed predator of beans, is not properly known. Occasional use of leguminous seeds other than beans is reported, however the sphere of possible wild and cultivated hosts is uncertain. Female oviposition preference and larval performance relationship is complicated by the respective importance of seed coat and cotyledon, because paradoxically, females must exercise oviposition preference on the basis of stimuli provided by the seed coat alone, without directly being able to assess the quality of cotyledon’s suitability for larval development.Results Host specificity and host range investigations carried out on seeds of 62 grown and naturally occurring legume species and 82 cultivars of Phaseolus, Pisum, Glycine, Lens and others in Hungary, using no-choice tests for egg-laying, and intact or pierced seed coat for larval development in seeds, showed that there were 18 plant species (35% of them Lathyrus) that supported larval development to adults, however, only nine species (4 of 17 Glycine max accessions, Vigna unguiculata, V. angularis, Phaseolus vulgaris, Ph. coccineus, Cicer arietinum, Vicia faba, Lathyrus sativus and 13 of 27 Pisum sativum accessions) allowed it if the seed coat was intact. Furthermore, there was no overall positive correlation between oviposition preference and larval performance, with the exception for the so-called acceptable non-hosts (Kendall’s τ = 0.3088). Bean weevil females also demonstrated an ovipositional hierarchy of legume species even in no-choice tests.Conclusions Host range expansion is not probable with the bean weevil, primarily because it would require the recognition of basically different oviposition substrates (pods) among outdoor conditions.

scholarly journals Leaf consumption by Diabrotica speciosa (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidade) adults on difFerent host plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crébio José Ávila ◽  
José Roberto Postali Parra
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Tests ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Diabrotica Speciosa

Studies related to the feeding behavior of pest insects provide information that will aid the development of control tactics. Leaf consumption by Diabrotica speciosa adults fed on bean, corn, potato and soybean was determined in the laboratory under free-choice (multiple or double-choice) and no-choice (confinement) conditions. In the multiple-choice tests leaf circles were randomly arranged in a circular pattern (arena) inside Petri dishes. The degree of preference for the hosts was determined under double-choice conditions, where common bean was considered the standard host and the remaining plants (soybean, potato and corn) as test hosts. In all trials, two Diabrotica speciosa couples were released and maintained within the dish for 24 hours; the leaf area consumed by the insects was determined after this feeding period. Food type (host) influenced leaf area consumption by D. speciosa adults both in free-choice and in no-choice tests (P < 0.05). Under free-choice conditions, the insects preferred to feed on bean rather than on soybean, potato or corn, with no differences among these last three host plants (P > 0.05). As to the no-choice test, the consumption was higher for corn than for potato, probably to compensate the low nutritional quality of the first host.

Oviposition preference by the black cowpea moth, Cydia ptychora (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), for different varieties of cowpea

1980 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Akingbohungbe ◽  
T. Agbede ◽  
J. I. Olaifa
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Oviposition Preferences ◽  
Cydia Ptychora ◽  
Choice Tests

AbstractIn tests in Nigeria with its principal host-plant, cowpea, Cydia ptychora (Meyr.) showed distinct oviposition preferences. Most of the eggs were laid on the sepals (including their remains on pods) in screenhouse tests involving four varieties. There were distinct differences in the number of eggs laid on different varieties in both no-choice tests with four or five varieties and free-choice tests with 17 varieties in the field. Vita-3 was the preferred variety in the laboratory tests and H 13–1 in the larger comparisons in the field. Fewest eggs were deposited on Tvu 2994 in all tests.

scholarly journals Toxicological and behavioral impacts of atrazine on Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) in choice tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Germano Leão Demolin Leite ◽  
Edilson Paulo Rodrigues Bispo ◽  
Anarelly Costa Alvarenga ◽  
Paula Daiana De Paulo ◽  
Marcus Alvarenga Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
The Other ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Herbicide Atrazine ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Glass Test Tube ◽  
And Control

Weeds should be controlled with low impact methods and selective agrochemicals that have little or no effect on non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the herbicide atrazine (triazine class) on 10 Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) species. A female of 10 species of these natural enemies was individually placed in a glass test tube (free-choice test) with two paper cards containing 45 Anagasta (Ephestia) kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs (treatment and control), with 10 replications. The cards were sprayed with the herbicide atrazine at 8.07 L/ha; the control was sprayed with distilled water. Parasitism by these natural enemies was allowed for 48 h. Atrazine changes the behavior of female parasitoids, reducing the parasitism (≈ 71 %) and emergence (≈ 74 %) rates and sex ratio (≈ 74 %) of the Trichogrammatidae species, except for Trichogramma galloi and T. bennetti. No females emerged from eggs parasitized by T. acacioi, Trichogrammatoidea annulata, T. atopovirilia, T. bruni, T. brasiliensis, T. demoraesi, and T. soaresi with atrazine. The results revealed that atrazine herbicide is harmless to T. bennetti and T. galloi, but it was moderately harmful (80 – 99 % reduction) to the other Trichogrammatidae species based on the parasitism and emergence rates.

scholarly journals Resistance of potato genotypes (Solanum spp.) to Bemisia tabaci biotype B

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia S Silva ◽  
André L Lourenção ◽  
José Alberto C de Souza-Dias ◽  
Hilário da S Miranda Filho ◽  
Valdir J Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Choice Preference ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Biotype B ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci Biotype B

The resistance of 24 potato genotypes to B. tabaci (Genn.) biotype B (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) was evaluated in five greenhouse experiments. The first experiment we evaluated the attractiveness and preference for oviposition in a free-choice test (randomized blocks, 24 treatments, and eight replications). In two other experiments we evaluated no-choice preference for oviposition (randomized blocks, six treatments, and ten replications). The whitefly egg-adult cycle was monitored using a statistical design in randomized blocks with five replications. Trichome density was evaluated in an experiment with 24 treatments and six replications, in a completely randomized design. In the free-choice test, potato genotypes NYL 235-4 and IAC-1966 were the most attractive to adults, while cultivars Achat, Aracy Ruiva, and Monte Bonito presented the lowest number of adults. Also in this assay, cultivars Achat, Ibituaçu, Panda, IAC-1966, and Agata presented the lowest number of eggs, while in the no-choice test, only cultivar Achat and IAC-1966 remained resistant. Consequently, for these two genotypes non-preference is the oviposition resistance mechanism. The egg-adult cycle varied from 21 days (cultivar Panda) to 22.5 days (clones IAC-1966 and NYL 235-4). The adult emergence varied from 91.2% (clone IAC-1966) to 99.3% (cultivar Ibituaçu). Clone NYL 235-4 had the greatest number of simple (ST) and glandular (GT) trichomes; while clone IAC-1966 had the lowest number of ST and, clone IAC-6290, of GT. There were significant correlations between adult attractiveness and oviposition preference; between oviposition preference and ST density; and between oviposition preference and GT density. Considering all characteristics, cultivar Achat was the most resistant to B. tabaci biotype B among all potato genotypes studied, while clone NYL 235-4 proved (past tense) to be susceptible.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soybean Resistance Level to Pod Sucking Bug Riptortus linearis F. (Hemiptera: Coreidae) based on No-choice and Free-choice Tests

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Krisnawati ◽  
K. Noerwijati ◽  
S.W. Indiati ◽  
Trustinah . ◽  
E. Yusnawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

Background: The infestation of the pod sucking bug Riptortus linearis is one of the limiting factors of soybean productivity in Indonesia. The research aims were to identify the level of resistance to the pod sucking bug R. linearis on several soybean genotypes based on the no-choice test (NCT) and free-choice tests (FCT). Methods: The genetic materials used were 49 soybean genotypes. The study was conducted in the Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (ILETRI) from August to December 2020, using the randomized block design in triplicates. The evaluation for pod sucking bug resistance was based on NCT and FCT. Result: The FCT resulted in two genotypes with a consistent moderately resistance level (20-40% of damage intensity) to pod sucking bug based on the pod and seed damage intensity. The NCT method resulted in five genotypes as moderately resistant (20-40% of damage intensity) to pod sucking bug based on the seed damage. The NCT resulted in higher average intensity of pod and seed damage (80.25% and 71.23%, respectively) than the FCT (69.91% and 69.09%, respectively). Two soybean genotypes (Degra/Anjasmoro-1-559 and Anjasmoro/IAC100-2-618) with a consistent moderately resistance level could be used for cultivar improvement in the breeding program. The pod trichome density was suggested to be one of the effective morphological defenses against the pod sucking bug attack.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document