scholarly journals Fatherhood in adolescence: prevalence and associated factors in a community sample of youngsters

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 3487-3494
Author(s):  
Milene Maria Saalfeld de Oliveira ◽  
Jerônimo Costa Branco ◽  
Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza ◽  
Ricardo Azevedo da Silva ◽  
Diogo Rizzato Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paternal Absence ◽  
Old Men ◽  
The City ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This article aims to assess the prevalence of fatherhood in adolescence (FA) and associated factors in a community sample of 14 to 35 year-old men. Cross-sectional population-based study realized in the urban area of the city of Pelotas-RS, Brazil. The sample was selected by clusters, according to the city census. This sub-study only comprised sexually active men. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire in the participants’ homes. The sample was composed for 934 men. The prevalence of fatherhood in adolescence was 8% (n = 75). We verified higher prevalence of FA among those that reported paternal absence (p < 0.001), those that had lived with stepfather (p = 0.044), and among those that had sexual debut before the age of 14 (p = 0.011). Paternal absence, have lived with a stepfather, and early sexual experience are associated factors to fatherhood in adolescence.

scholarly journals Prevalence of erectile dysfunction oral drugs use in a city of southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 2763-2770
Author(s):  
Daniel Vanti Duarte ◽  
María Clara Restrepo-Méndez ◽  
Mariângela Freitas da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Oral Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Recreational Use ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Phosphodiesterase 5

Abstract The last decade has seen a breakthrough in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) with the advent of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. There are few population-based observational studies on the prevalence of use of these drugs. We conducted a cross-sectional population-based study in the city of Pelotas (Brazil). Our sample comprised 1,082 men aged 20 years or older who answered a confidential and self-administered questionnaire. Prevalence of EDD use was 5% (IC95% = 4%;7%). ED and advanced age were strongly associated with a higher prevalence of EDD use. ED prevalence in men who used EDD was 68%, which was much higher than the one found in the entire sample (27%). The use of EDD was more frequently reported among separated men, respondents with higher level of education and those without ED. A high proportion of respondents (68%) did not seek medical advice on the use of EDD. Sildenafil was the most commonly used drug (38%) but non-regulated and non-evidence-based drugs were also frequently used (14%). Prevalence of EDD use is higher among individuals with ED, opposing to the notion of recreational use of EDD.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Adults living in the City of Bandundu, Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

OALib ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Mukoso Ngakieb ◽  
Aliocha Nkodila Natuhoyila ◽  
Francois Lepira Bompeka ◽  
Pascal Bayauli ◽  
Yves Lubenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
The City

Skull and Face Injuries and Associated Factors in Pedestrian Victims of Traffic Accidents: A Single Trauma Center Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Josimara A. de Araújo Varela ◽  
Tatiana F.T. Palitot ◽  
Smyrna L.X. de Souza ◽  
Alidianne F.C. Cavalcanti ◽  
Alessandro L. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the presence of lesions in the skull and face and the associated factors in pedestrian victims of traffic accidents. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study carried out through the analysis of medical records of pedestrian victims of traffic accidents in an emergency service in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, during the year of 2016. Information was collected regarding gender, age group, day of the week, time of the accident, type of vehicle involved, presence of trauma to the skull and face, and outcomes. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were used, with a significance level of 5%. Results: A total of 1,884 medical records were evaluated, out of which 7.1% (n = 133) involved pedestrians. Men were the most frequent victims (68.4%), and victims of age 60 years old or over (30.5%) predominated. Almost one-third of the cases were recorded during the weekends (30.5%), and the most prevalent time was at night (52.7%). Regarding the type of vehicle involved, motorcycles predominated (47.4%). Head trauma was present in 37.6% of victims, while facial injuries corresponded to 8.2%. In 12% of cases, the victims died. The variables of gender, age group, occurrence on weekends, and trauma to the face showed a statistically significant association with the occurrence of traffic accidents (Chi-square test; p<0.05). Conclusion: Among pedestrian victims of traffic accidents, there is a predominance of men aged 65 years or over. Accidents are frequent at night, and motorcycles are the main vehicles involved. The presence of trauma to the skull and face regions is high.

scholarly journals Prevalence of health services usage and associated factors in the Amazon region of Brazil: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e017966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Elizete A Araujo ◽  
Marcus T Silva ◽  
Tais F Galvao ◽  
Mauricio G Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physician Visits

ObjectivesTo estimate the prevalence of healthcare use and associated factors in the Manaus metropolitan region and to describe the reasons for lack of access.DesignCross-sectional population-based study.SettingA survey conducted between May and August of 2015 in eight cities from Manaus metropolitan region, Amazonas, Brazil.Participants4001 adults ≥18 years of age.Primary outcomes measuresPhysician visits, dentist visits and hospitalisations in the last 12 months were the primary outcomes. Associated factors were investigated through the calculation of prevalence ratio (PR) obtained by hierarchical Poisson regression modelling.Results4001 adults were included in the study, 53% of whom were women. The self-reported prevalence of medical visits was 77% (95% CI 75% to 77%); dentist visits, 36% (95% CI 34% to 37%) and hospital admission, 7% (95% CI 6% to 7%). Physician visits were higher in women PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.23), the elderly PR=1.18 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) and people with health insurance PR=1.14 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.19). Dentist visits declined with older age PR=0.38 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.49), lower education level PR=0.62 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.74) and lower economic class PR=0.65 (95% CI 0.57 to 0.75). Hospitalisations were found to be twice as frequent for women than for men and three times as frequent among those who reported very poor health status. Among the individuals who did not receive medical attention in the previous 2 weeks, 58% reported lack of facilities or appointment unavailable and 14% reported lack of doctors.ConclusionWhile more than half visited the doctor in the last year, a lower proportion of people with socioeconomic inequities visited the dentist. Organisational and service policies are needed to increase equity in health services in the region.

scholarly journals Sex-specific differences in prevalence and in the factors associated to the search for health services in a population based epidemiological study

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Alves de Moraes ◽  
Daniele Almeida Lopes ◽  
Isabel Cristina Martins de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Economic Indicator ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health Related

Objectives: To identify the access to health care services and associated factors in adults living in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, in 2007. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study with a sample developed in three stages. The variability introduced in the third sampling fraction was corrected by the attribution of weights, resulting in a sample of 2,471 participants. The outcome prevalence was estimated according to socio-demographic, behavioral and health-related variables. In order to identify associated factors, the regression of Poisson was used, obtaining crude and adjusted prevalence ratios. All estimates were calculated taking into account the effect of the sampling design. Results: The outcome prevalence increased according to the age, being higher in female individuals. A different set of variables remained in the final models, considering each gender separately. Among men, the monthly income > R$ 1,400.00; scores > 823.6 to the Economic Indicator of Ribeirão Preto (IERP) and daily average of sitting down time (154.4 - 240 min/day) constituted themselves into protective factors, whereas the increase of age and scholarship, hospitalization, diabetes and hypertension constituted risk factors for the use of the services. Among women, health self-reported as regular, hospitalization, diabetes and hypertension characterized factors positively associated to the outcome at matter. Conclusions: The results indicate the need for planning actions aimed at capturing male individuals, as well as the revaluation of detection and control of diabetes and hypertension programs, aimed at the primary prevention of terminal cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Prevalence of self-medication in Brazil and associated factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Dourado Arrais ◽  
Maria Eneida Porto Fernandes ◽  
Tatiane da Silva Dal Pizzol ◽  
Luiz Roberto Ramos ◽  
Sotero Serrate Mengue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Prevalence Ratios ◽  
Use Of Health Services

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and associated factors regarding the use of medicines by self-medication in Brazil. METHODS This cross-sectional population-based study was conducted using data from the PNAUM (National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines), collected between September 2013 and February 2014 by interviews at the homes of the respondents. All people who reported using any medicines not prescribed by a doctor or dentist were classified as self-medication practitioners. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (Poisson regression) and their respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated in order to investigate the factors associated with the use of self-medication by medicines. The independent variables were: sociodemographic characteristics, health conditions and access to and use of health services. In addition, the most commonly consumed medicines by self-medication were individually identified. RESULTS The self-medication prevalence in Brazil was 16.1% (95%CI 15.0–17.5), with it being highest in the Northeast region (23.8%; 95%CI 21.6–26.2). Following the adjusted analysis, self-medication was observed to be associated with females, inhabitants from the North, Northeast and Midwest regions and individuals that have had one, or two or more chronic diseases. Analgesics and muscle relaxants were the therapeutic groups most used for self-medication, with dipyrone being the most consumed medicines. In general, most of the medicines used for self-medication were classified as non-prescriptive (65.5%). CONCLUSIONS Self-medication is common practice in Brazil and mainly involves the use of non-prescription medicines; therefore, the users of such should be made aware of the possible risks.

scholarly journals Prevalence of injury and its associated factors in a rural area of eastern Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
V K Khanal ◽  
R Upreti ◽  
U Oli ◽  
A K Sunny ◽  
A Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Injury Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pattern Of Injury ◽  
Public Health Threat

Injury is a serious public health threat as it is one of the leading cause of death globally. This study aims to assess the prevalence of injury, pattern of injury and its associated factors among people residing in a rural area of Aurabani VDC of Eastern Nepal. A population based cross sectional study was carried out among 552 people residing in selected wards with door to door visit. The prevalence of minor injury was 3.1% and major was 0.4% per year in the study.Most common mode of injury was fall and most common type was incised wound. Injuries mostly occurred in extremities, in morning time, autumn season and in roads while most of the injuries were accidental in nature. 

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a municipality in southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e30710917996
Author(s):  
Maria Joana Carvalho e Silva ◽  
Kassia Kramer ◽  
Yasmim Paula Cesco ◽  
Kendy Otak ◽  
Andréia Machado Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Virus ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

SARS-CoV-2 is an RNA virus, responsible for causing an acute respiratory syndrome, which became known worldwide for its rapid spread and for causing the pandemic of a new disease: COVID-19. Thus, epidemiological studies have been developed in order to determine the extent of the problems and the magnitude of the disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its relationship with socio-demographic and clinical-epidemiological factors in the city of Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. It was a quantitative, epidemiological, observational, cross-sectional, population-based study with 2179 participants. Socio-demographic, associated behavioral, aggravating and comorbid parameters were evaluated, relating them to positivity or not in the rapid test implemented. The rapid test identified 22.2% of the diagnosed seroprevalence of COVID-19 in the municipality in question. A higher incidence of cases was observed in people living with other people, in people who had contact with positive cases, and in symptomatic patients, corroborating with current studies. The results highlight the importance of clinical-epidemiological studies for the understanding and control of COVID-19.

Perceived discrimination in health services and associated factors in Manaus Metropolitan Region, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Tais Freire Galvao ◽  
Gustavo Magno Baldin Tiguman ◽  
Bruno Vianei Real Antonio ◽  
Raquel Rodrigues Ferreira Rocha de Alencar ◽  
Leila Posenato Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Comparing regional neonatal mortality rates: the influence of registration of births as live born for birth weight <500 g in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000526
Author(s):  
Liang-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Chang ◽  
Fu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yung-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

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