scholarly journals Association between the use of a baby's bottle and pacifier and the absence of breastfeeding in the second six months of life

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Ribeiro Rigotti ◽  
Maria Inês Couto de Oliveira ◽  
Cristiano Siqueira Boccolini

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding for two years or more and advises against bottle feeding and pacifier use.Objective: Investigate the association between bottle feeding and pacifier use, and breastfeeding in the second half-year of life.Methods: Survey in a municipality of Rio de Janeiro state, in 2006, interviewing those responsible for 580 children aged 6-11 months. Bottle feeding and pacifier use, and variables which in the bivariate analysis were associated with the outcome 'absence of breastfeeding' (≥ 0.20), were selected for multiple analysis. Adjusted prevalence ratios were obtained by a Poisson regression model.Results: 40% of the children 6-11 months were not being breastfed, 47% used a pacifier and 57% used a bottle. Pacifier use (PR = 3.245; CI95%: 2.490-4.228) and bottle feeding (PR = 1.605; CI95%: 1.273-2.023) were shown to be strongly associated with the outcome, and also with: mother's low schooling (PR = 0.826; CI95%: 0.689-0.990); low birth weight (PR = 1.488; CI95%: 1.159-1.910); mother not being the baby carer (PR = 1.324; CI95%: 1.080-1.622); and increasing age of the baby in days (PR = 1.004; CI95%: 1.002-1.006).Conclusions: The use of pacifiers and bottles can reduce continued breastfeeding. Stronger discouragement of these artifacts should be adopted in public health policies.

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-164
Author(s):  
Jeconiah Louis Dreisbach

The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) presents a great challenge to developing countries with limited access to public health measures in grassroots communities. The World Health Organization lauded the Vietnamese government for its proactive and steady investment in health facilities that mitigate the risk of the infectious disease in Vietnam. This short communication presents cases that could benchmark public health policies in developing countries.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 173-191
Author(s):  
Marta Hoffmann

This article presents selected results of a research project entitled Medicalization strategies of the World Health Organization1 in which the author analyzed and described three WHO policies characterized by a medicalizing approach. These three policies were compared with each other in terms of their conceptual (narrative) and institutional (practical) levels of medicalization and their effects. In order to better understand the role of a medicalized discourse in the global activities of the WHO, these three cases were also compared to one non-medicalizing policy. The aim of this article is twofold: firstly, to present two cases analyzed as part of the project, namely, the tobacco policy (a ‘medicalized’ one) and the ageing policy (a ‘non-medicalized’ one) and secondly, to consider the possible influence of WHO discourse on tobacco and ageing on public health policies in the European Union.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina M Pulido ◽  
Beatriz Villarejo-Carballido ◽  
Gisela Redondo-Sama ◽  
Aitor Gómez

The World Health Organization has not only signaled the health risks of COVID-19, but also labeled the situation as infodemic, due to the amount of information, true and false, circulating around this topic. Research shows that, in social media, falsehood is shared far more than evidence-based information. However, there is less research analyzing the circulation of false and evidence-based information during health emergencies. Thus, the present study aims at shedding new light on the type of tweets that circulated on Twitter around the COVID-19 outbreak for two days, in order to analyze how false and true information was shared. To that end, 1000 tweets have been analyzed. Results show that false information is tweeted more but retweeted less than science-based evidence or fact-checking tweets, while science-based evidence and fact-checking tweets capture more engagement than mere facts. These findings bring relevant insights to inform public health policies.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-60
Author(s):  
Oktafiana Manurung ◽  
Ermawaty Arisandi Siallagan

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Indonesian women have very bad criteria in terms of health, marriage, employment, education, equality with men. This condition is thought to lead to low maternal access to antenatal care. Goals : Antenatal care in accordance with antenatal care standards may decrease Maternal and Infant Mortality due to regular antenatal care can detect early problems that occur in the mother during pregnancy.Methods : The type of this research is analytical descriptive with cross sectional design which aims to analyze the influence of access and motivation of pregnant mother to mother behavior in doing antenatal visit. The research was conducted in Pancur Batu Puskesmas Working Area. The population is 181 people and the sample size is 61 people. Data analysis was performed using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test, and multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test.Result : The result of this research indicate that physical accessibility variable is the availability of unrelated officer (p = 0,461) to mother behavior in antenatal visit, social accessibility variable (p = 0,005) and attitude (p = 0,023), and for motivation variable is motive P = 0.005) and expectations (p = 0.019) had a significant effect on maternal behavior in antenatal visits.Conclution : Based on the results of research suggested Head of Pancur Batu Puskesmas to conduct training to officers especially midwives who provide services mainly about hospitality in providing services and to officers implementing services further improve the communication of information and education so that every pregnant women have a good understanding that can eventually cause attitude Positive, high motivation and expectation that can affect the mother in conducting standardized antenatal visits.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Husni Husni

One of the effects is not maintaining hygiene during menstruation is able to hitkankes Rahim neck (cervical). Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO),cervical cancer is the second most cancer in women aged 15-45 years after breast cancer. Noless than 500,000 new cases with 280,000 patient deaths occur each year worldwide.Indonesia was ranked first by the victims died at least 555 women per day and 200,000women annually. This study aims to determine the correlation between knowledge andattitude towards personal hygiene during menstruation action at SMAN 2 Bengkulu City. Thisresearch is descriptive analytic. The number of respondents 84 people with a samplingtechnique that stratified random sampling. Presentation of data is done by using a frequencydistribution table. The collection of data taken using a questionnaire. The data were analyzedusing univariate and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square.The results showed that therespondents are classified as good knowledge of (54.8%), attitude unfavorabel or does notsupport (53.6%), and the biggest acts (52.4%) is good. From the bivariate analysis were foundno correlation between knowledge against acts of personal hygiene during menstruation (p =0.794), and no relation attitude towards personal hygiene actions during menstruation (p =0.975).Required role of schools, educators, parents to be more proactive in enhancingknowledge and useful information about the process of menstruation and how to maintainhygiene during menstruation.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osmar Pinto Neto ◽  
José Clark Reis ◽  
Ana Carolina Brisola Brizzi ◽  
Gustavo José Zambrano ◽  
Joabe Marcos de Souza ◽  
...  

Abstract In December 2019, China reported a series of atypical pneumonia cases caused by a new Coronavirus, called COVID-19. In response to the rapid global dissemination of the virus, on the 11th of Mars, the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the outbreak a pandemic. In light of this situation, this paper intends to analyze and improve the current SEIR models to better represent the behavior of the COVID-19 and accurately predict the outcome of the pandemic in a given social, economic and political scenario. We present a novel generalized Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Recovered (SEIR) compartmental model and test it using a global optimization algorithm with data collected from the WHO. Our main results were: (a) our model was able to accurately fit the data of all countries tested (b) it is possible to predict values for one week ahead with errors in the order of 15% for the number of cases and 30% in the number of deaths for all countries; (c) predictions are better for countries where the active cases curve already reached the maximum; the error being in the order of 10% in the number of cases and 20% in the number of deaths; (d) for countries where the active curve is still growing, different optimization solutions can be found that fit the data; so, to predict future behavior in this scenarios some of the model coefficients should be estimated from outside sources or based on generalized results from other countries according to their health policies of social distance, quarantining and case test and tracing.


Author(s):  
Rita Dashe SELKUR

It is often said that health is wealth. That being the case then, health is an asset to be desired because a healthy man is a wealthy man equally; a healthy nation is invariably a wealthy nation. Health has been described a fundamental human right indispensable for the exercise of other human rights. This implies that the state has a responsibility for the health of her people. Every human being is entitled to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health conducive to living a life in dignity. The realization of these may be pursued through numerous, complimentary approaches, such as the formulation of health policies, or the implementation of health programmes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the adoption of specific legal instruments. Poor health inflicts great hardships on communities whereby the health status of people in the community affect their abilities to work and thus underpins the welfare of such community. This paper will attempt to examine what health care is at the rural region, the legal framework as encapsulated in the various legal instruments, obstacles and steps towards change.


Author(s):  
Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih

ABSTRACT   Ca. Cervical is a primary malignant tumor derived from epithelial metaplasia at the squamocolumnar junction area is the transition area vaginal mucosa and mucosa of the cervical canal. Data from the World Health Organization (WHO) every year there are an estimated 530,000 new cancers in the world. Death because Ca. Cervical amounted to 4.3 per 1000 population. Ca. Cervical cause of death ranks seventh (5.7% of all causes of death). Risk Factors Ca. Cervical include age> 35 years, age of first marriage is less than 20 years, women with sexual activity is high and often change - change partner, the use of antiseptics, habit of washing the vagina with the use of drugs antiseptic and deodorant, women who smoke, parity (number of births), use of oral contraceptives in the long term. Design The study was a qualitative method of analysis The survey aimed to look at the relationship between knowledge and attitudes about CA Cervical student. The population in this study is a class XII student at SMAN collected three randomly for two days. The sample was a class XII student at SMA N 1 Breech Banyuasin II, SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Lago Banyuasin, and senior Al-Ikhsan Tanjung Lago Banyuasin were conducted randomly with accidental sampling technique with total respondents 178 respondents. Sampling was conducted using questionnaires filled out by respondents. From the results of the bivariate analysis of 69 respondents in SMAN 1 Banyuasin II Year 2016 knowing about Ca cervix ie 13 (18.8%) compared to respondents who did not know, namely Cervical Ca 56 (81.1%) of the 62 respondents in high school Negeri 1 Tanjung Lago 2016 knowing about Ca cervix ie 13 (20.9%) compared to respondents who did not know, namely Cervical Ca 42 (79.0%), and of 47 respondents in SMA AL-Ikhsan 2016 knowing Ca Cervical which 11 (23.4%) compared to respondents who did not know, namely Cervical Ca 36 (76.5%).       ABSTRAK   Ca. serviks adalah tumor ganas primer yang berasal dari metaplasia epitel di daerah skuamokolumner junction yaitu daerah peralihan mukosa vagina dan mukosa kanalis servikalis. Data World Health Organization (WHO) setiap tahun diperkirakan terdapat 530.000 jenis kanker baru di dunia. Kematian karena Ca. Serviks sebesar 4,3 per 1000 penduduk. Ca. Serviks sebagai penyebab kematian menempati urutan ke tujuh (5,7 % dari seluruh penyebab kematian).  Faktor Resiko Ca. Serviks antara lain usia > 35 tahun , Usia pertama kali menikah kurang dari 20 tahun, wanita dengan aktivitas seksual yang tinggi dan sering berganti – ganti pasangan,  penggunaan antiseptik, Kebiasaan pencucian vagina dengan menggunakan obat-obatan antiseptik maupun deodoran, wanita yang merokok, paritas (jumlah kelahiran), penggunaan kontrasepsi oral dalam jangka panjang. Desain Penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode Surver Analisis yang bertujuan dengan melihat adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap siswi tentang CA Serviks. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswi kelas XII di tiga SMAN yang dikumpulkan  secara acak selama dua hari. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswi kelas XII di SMA N 1 Sungsang Banyuasin II, SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Lago Banyuasin, dan SMA Al-Ikhsan Tanjung Lago Banyuasin yang yang dilakukan secara random dengan teknik  Accidental Sampling dengan total responden sebanyak 178 responden. Pengambilan sampel ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang diisi oleh responden. Dari hasil analisis bivariat  Dari 69 responden  di SMAN 1 Banyuasin II  Tahun 2016 yang mengetahui tentang Ca Serviks yaitu 13 (18,8%)  bila dibandingkan dengan responden yang tidak mengetahui Ca Serviks yaitu 56 (81,1%),  Dari 62 responden  di SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Lago Tahun 2016 yang mengetahui tentang Ca Serviks yaitu 13 (20,9%)  bila dibandingkan dengan responden yang tidak mengetahui Ca Serviks yaitu 42( 79,0%), dan dari 47 responden  di SMA AL-Ikhsan Tahun 2016 yang mengetahui tentang Ca Serviks yaitu 11 (23,4%) bila dibandingkan dengan responden yang tidak mengetahui Ca Serviks yaitu 36 (76,5%).  


2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 197-208
Author(s):  
Luis Berruecos

Abstract Two years ago, the Governor of the Mexican State of Puebla declared that his State was fully covered by health services, which is not true. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Mexican Constitution, health is one of the most important human rights for every citizen. However, according to our statistics, many indigenous communities of that State are still waiting for those services, even though the budget designated for that purpose has been incremented ten times in the last seven years. Since I have been working for years in the highlands of the northern part of the State, I will prove that medical services are not covering the total population, which means that the future survival of these people is rather grim.


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