scholarly journals Levels, factors and interventions of preschool children physical activity: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 5029-5039
Author(s):  
Vitor Antonio Cerignoni Coelho ◽  
Rute Estanislava Tolocka
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Prevention Programmes

Abstract The goal of this study was to complete a systematic review of research on the occurrence the levels of physical activity (PA), forms of intervention and factors associated with this practice among preschool children. Studies published in the period between 2006 and 2016 were investigated, using the PubMed and SPORTDiscus databases. The search terms identified 177 articles, of which 41 met the inclusion criteria. Goals, methodologies and results were analysed. The studies used various cut-off points to establish the desired level of PA, along with different types of interventions. Overall, the problem of low level of PA among preschool children appears to be increasing. Involvement and participation of parents and teachers, guidance from booklets and other information sources, parent instruction and availability of extracurricular activities were considered positive factors that tended to increase children’s PA levels, whereas parental obesity was a negative factor. New studies to define sedentary behaviour in preschool children are required to clarify the nature of this problem, along with the establishment of prevention programmes with ecological design aimed at schools, families and other sectors of society.

scholarly journals Reliability of activity monitors for physical activity assessment in patients with musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Francesco Negrini ◽  
Alessandro de Sire ◽  
Stefano Giuseppe Lazzarini ◽  
Federico Pennestrì ◽  
Salvatore Sorce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Full Text Screening

BACKGROUND: Activity monitors have been introduced in the last years to objectively measure physical activity to help physicians in the management of musculoskeletal patients. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed at describing the assessment of physical activity by commercially available portable activity monitors in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, Scopus and CENTRAL databases were systematically searched from inception to June 11th, 2020. We considered as eligible observational studies with: musculoskeletal patients; physical activity measured by wearable sensors based on inertial measurement units; comparisons performed with other tools; outcomes consisting of number of steps/day, activity/inactivity time, or activity counts/day. RESULTS: Out of 595 records, after removing duplicates, title/abstract and full text screening, 10 articles were included. We noticed a wide heterogeneity in the wearable devices, that resulted to be 10 different types. Patients included suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and fibromyalgia. Only 3 studies compared portable activity trackers with objective measurement tools. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, this systematic review showed that activity monitors might be considered as useful to assess physical activity in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, albeit, to date, the high device heterogeneity and the different algorithms still prevent their standardization.

scholarly journals How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 1039-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Diana A Santos ◽  
Charles H Hillman ◽  
Luís B Sardinha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.

Explanatory Theories of Intimate Partner Homicide Perpetration: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 152483802095380
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Graham ◽  
Rebecca J. Macy ◽  
Cynthia F. Rizo ◽  
Sandra L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intimate Partner Homicide ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Social

Theories play an important role in guiding intimate partner homicide (IPH) prevention research and practice. This study is the first systematic review of theories employed to explain why someone might kill their intimate partner. This review used rigorous methods to locate and synthesize literature that described explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Using set search terms, we systematically searched 15 databases and repositories for theory-focused documents (i.e., theory papers or analyses) published in English from 2003 to 2018. Eighteen documents met these inclusion criteria and identified 22 individual theories that seek to explain why people might kill their intimate partners. These theories fell within four broader theoretical perspectives: feminist, evolutionary, sociological/criminological, and combined. Key tenets and focal populations of these 22 theories were identified and organized into a compendium of explanatory theories of IPH perpetration. Potential strengths and limitations of each of the four perspectives were described. Review findings underscored the likely importance of addressing gender as well as risk and protective factors at all levels of the social ecological model in efforts to understand IPH perpetration. The review findings highlighted the need for both integrated theories and a broader conceptual organizing framework to guide work aimed at IPH perpetration prevention to leverage the strengths of disparate theoretical perspectives. With the goal of informing future research, a preliminary iteration of such a framework is presented.

scholarly journals Lutein Intake and Blood Lutein Concentration Are Positively Associated with Physical Activity in Adults: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madeline Cooke ◽  
Alison Coates ◽  
Elizabeth Buckley ◽  
Jonathan Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
Measure Of Association ◽  
The Relationship

Lutein is a carotenoid that reduces the risk of some chronic diseases, possibly by altering physical activity behavior. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies examining the relationship between lutein status (dietary intake/blood concentration) and physical activity. Peer-reviewed studies published in Medline, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and Embase were included if they reported a measure of association between lutein status and physical activity. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Eleven reported positive associations, three reported mixed results, and three reported no association. Two studies used objective measures of lutein status (blood concentration) and physical activity (accelerometry) and reported positive associations, with correlations of ≥0.36 and differences of ≥57% in physical activity between upper and lower tertiles. Studies using self-report measures reported weaker correlations (r = 0.06 to 0.25), but still more physical activity (18% to ≥600% higher) in those with the highest compared with the lowest lutein status. Higher lutein status may be associated with higher levels of physical activity, which may contribute to a reduced risk of chronic disease.

Systematic Review: Surgery for Patients with Metastatic Melanoma during Active Treatment with Ipilimumab

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin J. Baker ◽  
Karyn B. Stitzenberg ◽  
Frances A. Collichio ◽  
Michael O. Meyers ◽  
David W. Ollila
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Institutional Experience ◽  
Stage Iv Melanoma

Studies of ipilimumab have shown improved overall survival in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. As a result, use of ipilimumab in patients with Stage IV melanoma is rapidly increasing. Patients with Stage IV melanoma often require urgent operations for complications from metastases, but little is known about the safety of surgical intervention for patients receiving ipilimumab. We performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed. Our search terms were melanoma and ipilimumab. We excluded foreign language articles, review articles, and those not addressing cutaneous melanoma. We identified 194 publications matching the search criteria. Only six of those met the inclusion criteria. In these six publications, seven patients who had undergone surgical intervention during treatment with ipilimumab were described. There were no documented surgical complications. We reviewed our institutional experience and identified an additional three patients. No postoperative complications could be attributed directly to ipilimumab. There are limited data on the safety of surgical intervention during treatment with ipilimumab. Preliminary reports suggest there is no reason to withhold or delay surgery for patients receiving ipilimumab therapy.

Evidence for the treatment of moderate depression: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aherne ◽  
A. Fitzgerald ◽  
C. Aherne ◽  
N. Fitzgerald ◽  
M. Slattery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Moderate Depression ◽  
Different Levels

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate existing evidence for the effectiveness of psychological treatments and/or antidepressant medication as a treatment for those diagnosed with moderate levels of depression.MethodsA PRISMA systematic review of articles using electronic research databases (2000–2014) was conducted to identify studies investigating the effectiveness of psychotherapy and/or medication as a treatment for people with moderate levels of depression. Search terms included moderate depression, psychotherapy and/or medication, depressive disorders, antidepressants, psychotherapy, mental health services, and randomized-controlled trial (RCT). The included studies were then assessed, extracted, and synthesised.ResultsA total of 14 studies met the inclusion criteria (11 RCTs and three additional studies) for this review. The findings of the systematic review indicate that there is limited evidence available specific to the treatment of moderate depression and that this research seems to suggest that psychotherapy or combined treatment has a beneficial effect.ConclusionsGiven that depression is one of the biggest challenges the world faces at present, further research is required to examine the effectiveness of treatment for different levels of depression severity.

scholarly journals Pain neuroscience education on YouTube: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren C. Heathcote ◽  
Joshua W. Pate ◽  
Anna L. Park ◽  
Hayley B. Leake ◽  
G. Lorimer Moseley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Target Concept ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Pain Education ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Neuroscience Education ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Youtube Videos

AbstractObjectivesThe Internet in general, and YouTube in particular, is now one of the most popular sources of health-related information. Pain neuroscience education has become a primary tool for managing persistent pain, based in part on the discovery that information about pain can change pain. Our objective was to examine the availability, characteristics, and content of YouTube videos providing pain neuroscience education.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of videos on YouTube using the search terms “pain education”, “what is pain”, and “pain brain” in January 2018. Videos were included if they were in English, were under 10 minutes long, and included information on the neuroscience of pain. Videos were coded for i) descriptive characteristics (e.g., number of views, duration on YouTube), ii) source and style, iii) whether or not they addressed seven pre-determined target concepts of pain neuroscience education (e.g., ‘Pain is not an accurate marker of tissue state’), and iv) how engaging they were.ResultsWe found 106 unique videos that met the inclusion criteria. The videos ranged from having four views to over five million views (Mdn = 1163 views), with the three most highly viewed videos accounting for 75% of the total views. Animated videos were much more highly viewed than non-animated videos. Only a small number of videos had been posted by a clearly-identifiable reputable source such as an academic or medical research institution (10%), although a number of videos were posted by healthcare professionals and professional medical societies. For a small number of videos (7%), the source was unclear. We found 17 videos that addressed at least one target concept of pain neuroscience science education, only nine of which were considered to be engaging. The target concept ‘Pain is a brain output’ was considered to be well addressed by the most videos (N = 11), followed by ‘Pain is a protector’ (N = 10). We found only one video that adequately addressed all seven target concepts of pain neuroscience education.DiscussionYouTube contains a variety of videos that practitioners, patients, and families may view to access pain neuroscience education information. A small portion of these videos addressed one or more target concepts of pain neuroscience education in an engaging manner. It is yet to be determined to what extent patients are able to learn information from these videos, to what extent the videos promote behavior change, and thus to what extent the videos may be useful for clinical practice.

scholarly journals Physical Activity of Children and Adolescents with Hearing Impairments: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4575
Author(s):  
Wenhong Xu ◽  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
Lijuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Physically Active

Physical activity (PA) is important for the development of children and adolescents with hearing impairments (HI). This systematic review aims to summarise the existing literature pertaining to the PA of children and adolescents with HI. A systematic search was conducted on eight major electronic databases. Two reviewers independently screened and selected the returned articles, performed data extraction, assessed methodological quality and synthesised the data using an inductive approach. A total of 15 articles consisting of 14 survey studies and one single-subject intervention study met the inclusion criteria. These studies had good to excellent methodological quality. Participants with HI showed lower levels of participation in PA than participants without disabilities, but they were more physically active than those with other types of disabilities. Amongst the 12 PA correlates identified (i.e., gender, age, mother’s education and social cognitive constructs), only gender was a relatively consistent determinant, and boys are significantly more physically active than girls. Additional studies are needed to confirm the determinants of the PA in children and adolescents with HI to provide strong evidence for the development and implementation of PA interventions for this target group.

Physical Activity Among Parents of Children With Disabilities: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110300
Author(s):  
Byungmo Ku ◽  
Ming-Chih Sung
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Present Systematic Review

The purpose of the present systematic review was to synthesize the existing research on physical activity behaviors in parents of children with disabilities. For the systematic search, search terms were entered into three electronic databases. After systematic evaluations, 12 studies were included in the present systematic review. Using the physical activity guidelines (i.e., 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity per week), the 12 studies were divided into three categories: active, not active, and unknown. The active category included two studies (16.7%) indicating that parents of children with disabilities meet the physical activity guidelines. The not active category included seven studies (50%) indicating that parents of children with disabilities do not meet the physical activity guidelines. More research is needed to determine physical activity behaviors in parents of children with disabilities.

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