scholarly journals FTO POLYMORPHISM AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN OBESE SCHOOLCHILDREN AFTER AN INTERVENTION PROGRAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
Greice Graziela Moraes ◽  
Cézane Priscila Reuter ◽  
Elisa Inês Klinger ◽  
Daniel Prá ◽  
Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Abdominal Strength

ABSTRACT Introduction: Recent studies have shown that the association of FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism with obesity depends on the level of the individual’s physical activity. However, there are some studies that evaluated physical fitness, health, and motor performance in relation to the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism. Objective: To evaluate how the rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism affects the results of physical fitness tests related to health and athletic performance in schoolchildren after 4 months of intervention of physical exercise. Method: The rs9939609 FTO gene polymorphism was genotyped in a total of 36 schoolchildren from southern Brazil, aged 8 to 16 years. Body mass index (BMI), health-related physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, abdominal strength/endurance, and flexibility) and motor performance (upper and lower limb strength, agility, and speed) were evaluated. The intervention included exercise strategies based on Physical Education, healthy eating, and oral and postural care. Results: In the experimental group, after the intervention, significant differences were noted in individuals with the TT genotype. These individuals showed improvements in abdominal strength (p=0.025), lower limb strength (p=0.037) and agility (p=0.021). For individuals with the AA/AT genotype, improvements in flexibility (p=0.026), abdominal strength (p=0.002), upper limb strength (p=0.008) and lower limb strength (p=0.001) were observed. However, these differences were not statistically significant when comparing the TT and AT/AA genotypes. Conclusions: The experimental group showed improvements in abdominal strength, lower limb strength, and speed. Yet, individuals with different genotypes (AA/AT and TT) for polymorphism rs9939609 exhibited similar values for indicators of physical fitness, health, and motor performance. Level of Evidence II; Lesser quality RCT.

Health-related Physical Fitness in Older Adult Europeans: The IN COMMON SPORT Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M Cancela ◽  
Irimia Mollinedo-Cardalda ◽  
Manuela Ferreira ◽  
Pedro Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Health Related ◽  
European Group

Abstract Background This comparative descriptive study analysed the physical fitness and the anthropometric data of senior citizens participating in "IN COMMON SPORTS" project, in accordance with their place of residence. MethodsA total of 418 participants divided into two groups: Eastern European Group (EEG) and Southern European Group (SEG). Each participants' anthropometric characteristics (body mass index, body fat and waist hip ratio) and fitness (Senior Fitness Test and Hand grip) were studied. Results The Subjects from the SEG showed significantly lower anthropometric values than those from the EEG. The SEG subjects presented significant differences in physical fitness, with best values for upper and lower limb strength and aerobic resistance, while those from the EEG presented significantly better values for lower limb flexibility. Conclusion Senior citizens aged 60+ years present differences in physical fitness in accordance with their country of residence; the Southern Europeans having the best physical fitness.

scholarly journals Impact of a Strength Intervention Program on Change of Hamstrings: Quadriceps Ratio and on Change of 1 Repetition Maximum

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Tereza Hammerová ◽  
Tereza Králová ◽  
Jan Cacek ◽  
Tomáš Kalina ◽  
Zuzana Hlavoňová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Joint Injury ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Isokinetic Test ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Knee Joint Injury

The relationship between the muscular strength of hamstrings and quadriceps and their possible muscular imbalance is considered by many authors as one of the causes of knee joint injury. The aim of this work is to assess the exercise program including squat modifications both in terms of progression of lower limb strength and in terms of possible change of H: Q ratio. Probands were divided into five groups (one control, four experimental). The experimental groups practiced the intervention program twice a week for eight weeks (EX1: Barbell squat, EX2: Barbell half squat, EX3: Barbell half squat with countermovement). In one training session participants repeated the exercise five times in six series. All experimental groups exhibited significant differences in mean values (p < 0.01), indicating the progression of lower limb strength measured by 1RM for barbell squat. The differences in the mean values of the H: Q ratio measured on an isokinetic dynamometer in the isokinetic test mode at angular velocities of 60 and 300 degrees per second do not show statistically significant differences (p = 0.99338). The established strength intervention program is suitable for the development of lower limb strength and does not show any changes in the H: Q ratio.

scholarly journals FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LOW CONCERN ABOUT FALLING IN PHYSICALLY ACTIVE OLDER PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Artur Rodrigues Fortunato ◽  
Eduardo Hauser ◽  
Eduardo Capeletto ◽  
Daniel Rogério Petreça ◽  
Deise Jaqueline Alves Faleiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lower Limb Strength

ABSTRACT Introduction: Fear of falling is one of the main consequences of falls in the elderly; therefore, it is important to investigate the factors associated with the reduction of this fear. Objective: The objective of this study consisted of verifying the associated factors that best explain the low concern about falling in physically active older people. Methods: A total of 162 elderly people with a mean age of 69.95 (SD = 6.69) participated in the study. The diagnostic data sheet, the Falls Efficacy Scale-International, the Senior Fitness Test and anthropometric measurements were used to obtain data. Binary Logistic Regression was used in the data analysis to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). The p <0.05 Omnibus Test was used to assess the quality of the adjusted model, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was applied to verify the explanatory power of the model. Results: In the crude analysis, normal weight elderly subjects (OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.32-6.20) with good levels of lower limb strength (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.38-5.06), are more likely to have low fear of falling. In the adjusted analysis, the model was able to explain 75% of endpoint occurrence. Conclusion: It is concluded that among the variables analyzed, age, BMI and lower limb strength best explain the low concern about falling in the elderly. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients; without consistently applied reference “gold” standard.

scholarly journals Effects of Intervention “Hopsport Brain Breaks” Program on Physical Fitness and Sedentary Behaviour in Primary School

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (94) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Tumynaitė ◽  
Brigita Miežienė ◽  
Magdalena Mo Ching Mok ◽  
Ming-kai Chin ◽  
Vitalija Putriūtė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
School Day ◽  
Brain Breaks ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Sedentary behaviour in children raise concern as the majority of children do not meet the health-related level of physical activity (PA) which is closely related with their physical fitness (PF). Digital facilities may help to solve the problem. Hypothesis. After the intervention “HOPSport Brain Breaks” physical fitness improves and sedentary behaviour decreases. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of “HOPSport Brain Breaks” video exercise intervention program on physical fitness and sedentary behaviour in a primary school.Methods. The study included 113 primary schoolchildren from grades 1–4, among them there were 62 children in the experimental group and 51 in the control group (Mean age = 8.24, SD = 1.10). PF was assessed using the test battery (Fjortoft, Pedersen, Sigmundsson, & Vereijken, 2011) pre- and post-intervention. Also passivity was measured twice using four questions from “Health Behaviour of School Children” questionnaire. The experimental group received Brain Breaks intervention every school day for three months in 5–9 min sessions during the breaks.  Results. After  three  months  physical  fitness  (PF)  did  not  improve,  but  sedentary  behaviour  reduced  in  the experimental group compared to the controls (p < .05).Conclusions.  The  results  have  shown  that  fun  and  enjoyment,  which  are  the  background  of  Brain  Breaks intervention,  were  important  factors  in  reducing  sedentary  behaviour.  Studies  also  show  that  the  level  of  PA  is proportionally higher when children are given the opportunity to play active games and experience fun (Wickel et al., 2007). It may be concluded that Brain Breaks intervention program contributes to physical health of primary  schoolchildren.Keywords: primary schoolchildren, physical fitness, sedentary behaviour.

scholarly journals The Effects of an Eight-week Cawthorne-Cooksey Training Program on Balance and Lower Limb Strength in the Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Azimizadeh ◽  
◽  
Seyyed Mojtaba Tabatabai Asl ◽  
Seyyed Hosein Hoseini ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Function ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: With age, the problems associated with loss of balance, followed by decreased muscle strength and physical function, increase. Therefore, the elderly are exposed to serious injuries. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Cawthorne Cooksey training on balance and lower limb strength in the elderly. Methods: Subjects including 24 elderly men and women participated in this study voluntarily and were divided into experimental groups (n‌=‌12) and control (n‌=‌12). The design of the present study was pre-test and post-test. Cawthorne Cooksey training were performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week and each session for 60 minutes. The main variables were balance and lower limb strength, and the leaf test was used to assess balance and the rise and fall test was used for lower limb strength. One-way covariance and dependent t-test in SPSS software version 26 were used to analyze the pre-test and post-test results and compare the groups. Results: The results of this study showed that the balance in the experimental group had a significant improvement compared to the control group (P‌=‌0.001). There was also a significant difference in lower limb strength in the experimental group compared to the control (P‌=‌0.002). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, these exercises positively affect balance and lower limb strength in the elderly. Due to the decline in physical function of the elderly, performing these exercises increases the level of physical function and quality of life of the elderly.

scholarly journals Improving Physical Fitness of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities through an Adapted Rhythmic Gymnastics Program in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chenchen Xu ◽  
Mingyan Yao ◽  
Mengxue Kang ◽  
Guanting Duan
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Rhythmic Gymnastics ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Abdominal Strength

Background. Health-related physical fitness is vital for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to gain healthier lives. The adapted rhythmic gymnastics (ARG) program was designed for children with IDD and is aimed at testing the effects of the exercise program on children’s physical fitness. Methods. Participants were recruited from two special needs schools in Beijing of China. Twenty-two children with IDD were assigned to an ARG experimental group or a traditional control group. The experimental group took part in a 16-week ARG program consisting of three 50 min sessions each week. And children’s body composition, aerobic capacity, and musculoskeletal functioning were measured by the Brockport Physical Fitness Test (BPFT) before and after the program. Results. The between-group analysis revealed great improvements for the experimental group in abdominal strength (curl-up test: p=0.025<0.05) and upper limb strength (dumbbell press test: p=0.038<0.05). Compared to the pretest, most of the physical fitness parameters improved significantly in the experimental group except BMI, and flexibility of the experimental group children showed a substantial increase. Conclusions. Most of the physical fitness parameters of children with IDD in the experimental group improved significantly, especially on abdominal strength and upper limb muscle strength when comparing to the control group.

Positive Effect of a Motor Intervention Program With Exergames

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Pâmella Medeiros ◽  
Érico Pereira Gomes Felden ◽  
Marcela Almeida Zequinão ◽  
Paola Cidade Cordeiro ◽  
Kamyla Thais Dias de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group

The objective this article is to verify the effects of an intervention program with exergames on the motor performance of children aged 8 to 10 years. The study included 64 children divided into experimental group and physical education group. The motor intervention used in this study was an exergame program with 18 sessions lasting 45 minutes each, twice a week. To evaluate motor performance before and after the intervention, the authors used the Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition (TGMD-2). This study showed a positive effect on the motor performance of children ages 8 to 10 years. However, no significant differences were found in relation to the effect of exergames intervention in the experimental group when compared to the physical education group that participated in PE classes. The results of this study indicate that exergames are effective tools for the significant improvement of motor skills.

scholarly journals Effect of A Six-week Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability Training on Performance Factors and Quality of Life in the Elderly

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-224
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hani Mansori ◽  
◽  
Yousef Moghadas Tabrizi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Training Protocol

Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stability (DNS) training on performance (lower limb strength, flexibility, fall risk) and quality of life in the elderly. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. This research was performed on 30 elderly males, aged 60-70 years in Qom Province, Iran in 2021. The examined elderly were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n=15/group). Furthermore, the experimental group participated in three 45-minute weekly sessions of DNS training for 6 weeks. To collect the necessary information before and after applying the training protocol, tint tests, 30-second seat sitting test, sitting and delivery test, TUG test, and SF-36 questionnaire were used. The obtained data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Paired Samples t-test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The ANCOVA results indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in motor function, fall risk, quality of life, lower limb strength, and flexibility (P<0.05). The collected mean scores outlined that the experimental group performed better than the control group. Conclusion: Due to the effectiveness of DNS training on physical function and the very high importance of the elderly lifestyle, it is recommended that the provided training protocol be used for prevention and rehabilitation, increase the level of physical fitness and quality of life as a low-cost treatment, among the elderly.

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