Effects of dry and traditional bed bathing on respiratory parameters: a randomized pilot study

Objective: to compare the time for performance of dry and traditional bed bathing and its effects on transcutaneous arterial oxygen saturation and respiratory rates in critical adult patients. Method: pilot study of a randomized, open, crossover clinical trial, performed with 15 adult critically ill patients. Each patient received a dry and a traditional bed bath. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used, adopting p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: most patients were male (73.3%), white (66.7%), with a mean age of 69.7 years. The dry bath was faster (20.0 minutes) than the traditional bath (30.0 minutes) (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the patients’ saturation means between baths (p=0.381), with 94.7% for the dry bath and 95.2% for the traditional bath. During the traditional bath, the patients’ respiratory rate mean was higher (24.2 incursions per minute) and statistically different (p<0.001) from the value obtained for the dry bath (20.5 incursions per minute). Conclusion: the dry bath had a shorter duration than did the traditional bath, resulting in less patient exposure. The traditional bed bath had a negative effect on patients’ respiratory rate, increasing it. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC): RBR-5qwkqd

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A comparison of administration of oral chloral hydrate with intranasal dexmedetomidine in sedation of children to perform electroencephalography

Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services ◽

10.34172/mj.2021.022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

Masoumeh Borhani ◽

Mohammadreza Habibzadeh ◽

Amir Shafa

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Mean Arterial Pressure ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Chloral Hydrate ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Electroencephalography is a record of the electrical activity of the brain that is used to diagnose brain dysfunction and to determine the location of brain injury and to determine seizure activity. There is. The sedative medication used should not only have an effect on the brain’s electrical activity, but it also calms the baby. Since there have been no studies to compare the effects of intranasal oral hydrate and dexmedetomidine on sedation in children for electroencephalography, this study aimed to compare the effects of intranasal intravenous dexmedetomidine with intramuscular dexmedetomidine on electroencephalography in children. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 62 children candidates for electroencephalography in Imam Hossein Pediatric Hospital in Isfahan. Age, weight, and clinical data including sedation score, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, arterial oxygen saturation, and heart rate at pre-medication times, 15, 30, 45, and 60 minutes after drug administration. And analyzed. Results: The mean age of the children candidates for electroencephalography was 16.90 ± 1.32, out of which 35 (56.5%) were male. The results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sedation, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, and percentage of arterial oxygen saturation (p> 0.05). But the difference between the two groups was statistically significant for the variable heart rate. Heart rate was significantly lower in group B (dexmedetomidine group) than in group A (oral chlorate hydrate group) (p-value = 0.032), and time as an influencing factor in changing mean sedimentation, mean arterial pressure, respiratory rate, and heart rate (p-value <0.05). But there was no significant effect on the change in arterial oxygen saturation percentage (p = 0.478). Conclusion: Chloral hydrate administration was more effective than intranasal dexmedetomidine treatment in maintaining heart rate but overall the results showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical data and child sedation score in the two groups. Was.

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Comparison the Sedation Effect and Satisfaction of Two Combinations, Dexmedetomidine and Fentanyl with Midazolam and Fentanyl, in Patients Undergoing Bronchoscopy

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences ◽

10.22317/jcms.v6i6.856 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Alireza Kamali ◽

Sepideh Sarkhosh ◽

Hosein Kazemizadeh

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Mean Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

P Value ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare sedative effects of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl with midazolam and fentanyl in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized clinical trial that was performed on 92 patients who referred to Amir al Momenin Hospital in Arak for bronchoscopy and underwent ASA 1 or 2 underlying grading procedure. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl (D) midazolam and fentanyl (M). Primary vital signs including hypertension and arterial oxygen saturation were monitored and recorded. Then all patients were injected with 2 μg / kg fentanyl as a painkiller and after 3 minutes 30 μg dexmedetomidine in syringe with code A and midazolam 3 mg in syringe with code B were injected to patients by an anesthesiologist. Then the two groups were compared in terms of pain at injection, conscious relaxation, satisfaction of operation, recovery time, hypotension and arterial oxygen saturation and drug side effects and data were analyzed by using statistical tests. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mean age and sex distribution. According to the results of this study, there was no significant difference between the two groups in mean blood pressure (P-value = 0.6) and mean heart rate (P-value = 0.4) at the time of bronchoscopy, but at 5 and 10 minutes after bronchoscopy there was a significant difference, mean blood pressure and heart rate were significantly lower in dexmedetomidine group. Conclusion: Both dexmedetomidine and midazolam drug groups contributed to the development of stable and sedative hemodynamics and satisfaction in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, however, the dexmedetomidine and fentanyl group showed a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate compared to midazolam and fentanyl and a weaker decrease in arterial oxygen saturation, and patients with bronchoscopy were more satisfied in the dexmedetomidine group.

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Cardiopulmonary responses to centrifuge simulated parabolic flight

Indian Journal of Aerospace Medicine ◽

10.25259/ijasm_20_2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

HS Harshith ◽

MS Nataraja ◽

S Dinakar

Keyword(s):

Motion Sickness ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

High Performance ◽

Parabolic Flight ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Subjective Feeling ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Post Hoc

Introduction: Parabolic flights, by producing short periods of weightlessness, closely simulate microgravity. However, they are still expensive, incur a significant logistics support, and occurrence of any adverse events during such simulation is undesirable. The present study was formulated to explore the feasibility of using a human centrifuge for simulation of parabolic flight to study the cardiopulmonary parameters as an alternative ground-based model. Material and Methods: Twelve healthy male volunteers were subjected to simulated parabolic flight, the profile of which involved exposure to 20 repetitions of hypogravity periods (+0.5 Gz), each interposed between periods of hypergravity phases (+2 Gz), using high-performance human centrifuge. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) were studied during such a simulation and analyzed using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. Motion sickness assessment questionnaire was administered to the participants after the run. They were also asked to rate their subjective feeling of weightlessness experienced during the run. Results: Comparison of HR revealed a significant difference (F = 22.167, P < 0.001) across 20 loops of different gravity phases. Post hoc analysis revealed that the mean HR of hypergravity phases was significantly higher compared with pre-run 1 G values and that of hypogravity phases. Similarly, HR showed a significant difference across pre-run 1 G, 10th and 20th loops of hypogravity phases (F = 5.672, P = 0.01). Post hoc analysis revealed a significant reduction in HR at 20th loop compared to both pre-run 1 G (P = 0.023) and 10th loop (P = 0.042) values. No significant differences were observed in both RR (F = 1.789, P = 0.148) and SpO2 (F = 1.708, P =0.199) across different gravity phases. The mean overall motion sickness score was found to be 23.6%. Participants rated their subjective feeling of weightlessness between 4 and 6 (mode = 5) on a scale of 1–10. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that HR increased during hypergravity conditions and reduced during hypogravity conditions, an expected outcome during parabolic flight. The significant reduction in HR during the 20th loop of hypogravity phase compared to 10th loop and pre-run 1 G conditions indicate a possible association with the duration of exposure. The centrifuge simulated parabolic flight profile designed in our study was able to emanate physiological changes similar to those experienced in actual parabolic flight for HR, RR, and SpO2.

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Investigating the Effect of Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy (NIRS) on Early Diagnosis of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ◽

10.5812/aapm.109863 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Javaherforooshzadeh ◽

Hojatolah Bhandori ◽

Sara Jarirahmadi ◽

Nima Bakhtiari

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Kidney Tissue ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a major adverse effect of cardiac surgery. The early detection of this complication can improve the quality of postoperative care and help prevent this phenomenon. Methods: In this prospective descriptive-analytical study, 148 patients were enrolled, 107 of whom were selected for analysis between February and September 2019 in the Cardiac Surgery Unit of Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. Kidney tissue oxygen saturation was measured at multiple definite times during surgery. Hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate were measured during and 48 hours after the surgery. Results: Forty-one patients were diagnosed with CSA-AKI according to the KDIGO criteria. Parametric and non-parametric analyses showed no significant difference between the CSA-AKI and non-CSA-AKI groups in the demographic parameters. Repeated measures ANOVA showed no significant difference in parameters, except for BUN. Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference between both groups and time factors (P < 0.001, P = 0.0006, respectively). The ROC curve analyses showed that in a single point of time, the difference in the middle of CPB time from baseline had a high value in the prediction of AKI (AUC: 0.764; CI: 0.57 - 0.951). Conclusions: Kidney saturation monitoring could be considered in cardiac surgery for the rapid detection of CSA-AKI. Although kidney tissue saturation is not correlated directly to the arterial oxygen saturation, the physician and the surgery team can predict the chance of acute kidney injury.

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Comparison of SVO2, SpO2, and clinical parameters with arterial blood gases during ventilatory weaning after cardiac surgery

American Journal of Critical Care ◽

10.4037/ajcc1994.3.5.353 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 353-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ML Noll ◽

JF Byers

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Artery Bypass ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Bypass Graft ◽

Blood Gases ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Arterial Blood Gases ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood

Correlations of mixed venous and arterial oxygen saturation, heart rate, respiratory rate, and mean arterial pressure with arterial blood gas variables were computed for 57 sets of data obtained from 30 postoperative coronary artery bypass graft patients who were being weaned from mechanical ventilation. Arterial oxygen saturation and respiratory rate correlated significantly, although moderately, with blood gases.

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Predictors of In-hospital Mortality of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Adult Population

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_265_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (04) ◽

pp. 591-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bhupendra Shah ◽

Bijay Bartaula ◽

Janak Adhikari ◽

Hari Shankar Neupane ◽

Birendra Prasad Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽

Pulse Rate ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Predictors Of Mortality ◽

Gcs Score

ABSTRACT Introduction: Stroke is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Data regarding the predictors of mortality of acute ischemic stroke are widely discordant. Identifying the predictors and providing the utmost care to a high-risk patient is still an unmet need in middle- to low-income countries. We did this study to identify the predictor of in-hospital mortality of acute ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with acute ischemic stroke presented to the tertiary care center in eastern Nepal from January 2012 to December 2016. We enrolled patients of age 18 years and older with acute ischemic stroke in this study. The primary outcome of the study was in-hospital mortality of enrolled patients. Predictors of mortality were analyzed by comparing the patients with acute ischemic stroke who had mortality with those who survived. Results: The mean age of enrolled patients was 66 years. Among 257, the in-hospital mortality rate was 20.5%. The patients with in-hospital mortality had lower Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score (9 vs. 12, P < 0.001) compared to those who survived. During admission, a patient with in-hospital mortality had significantly lower arterial oxygen saturation (92 vs. 95, P < 0.001), higher pulse rate (91 vs. 83, P =0.009), and higher respiratory rate (24 vs. 21, P < 0.001) than those patients with acute ischemic stroke who survived. Conclusion: Lower GCS score, baseline higher pulse rate, higher respiratory rate, and lower arterial oxygen saturation are the predictors of in-hospital mortality of adult with acute ischemic stroke.

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Changes in Respiratory Parameters and Fin-Swimming Performance Following a 16-Week Training Period with Intermittent Breath Holding

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.1515/hukin-2015-0111 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 89-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vasileios Stavrou ◽

Argyris G. Toubekis ◽

Eleni Karetsi

Keyword(s):

Group Performance ◽

Swimming Performance ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Respiratory Muscles ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Breath Holding ◽

Performance Time ◽

Respiratory Parameters ◽

Before And After ◽

And Performance

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of training with intermittent breath holding (IBH) on respiratory parameters, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and performance. Twenty-eight fin-swimming athletes were randomly divided into two groups and followed the same training for 16 weeks. About 40% of the distance of each session was performed with self-selected breathing frequency (SBF group) or IBH (IBH group). Performance time of 50 and 400 m at maximum intensity was recorded and forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and SpO2 were measured before and after the 50 m test at baseline and post-training. Posttraining, the respiratory parameters were increased in the IBH but remained unchanged in the SBF group (FEV1: 17 ±15% vs. -1 ±11%; FVC: 22 ±13% vs. 1 ±10%; PEF: 9 ±14% vs. -4 ±15%; p<0.05). Pre compared to post-training SpO2 was unchanged at baseline and decreased post-training following the 50 m test in both groups (p<0.05). The reduction was higher in the IBH compared to the SBF group (p<0.05). Performance in the 50 and 400 m tests improved in both groups, however, the improvement was greater in the IBH compared to the SBF group in both 50 and 400 m tests (p<0.05). The use of IBH is likely to enhance the load on the respiratory muscles, thus, contributing to improvement of the respiratory parameters. Decreased SpO2 after IBH is likely due to adaptation to hypoventilation. IBH favours performance improvement at 50 and 400 m fin-swimming.

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Analysis of the Effect of Musical Stimulation on Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1651507 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (01) ◽

pp. 031-035

Author(s):

Daiane Lima ◽

Simone Regaçone ◽

Anna Oliveira ◽

Yara Alcântara ◽

Eduardo Chagas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potentials ◽

Auditory System ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

P Value ◽

Mixed Analysis ◽

Sphericity Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Healthy Female ◽

Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials

Introduction Cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) are bioelectric responses that occur from acoustic stimulations, and they assess the functionality of the central auditory system. Objective The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of musical stimulation on CAEPs. Methods The sample consisted of 42 healthy female subjects, aged between 18 and 24 years, divided into two groups – G1: without musical stimulation prior to the CAEP examination; and G2: with stimulation prior to the examination. In both groups, as a pre-collection procedure, the complete basic audiological evaluation was performed. For the musical stimulation performed in G2, we used an MP4 player programmed to play Pachelbel's “Canon in D Major” for five minutes prior to the CAEP examination. To analyze the effect on the groups, the ear side and the ide–group interaction , a mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) of repeated measures was performed. Box M test and Mauchly sphericity test were also performed. Results Test differences were considered statistically significant when the p-value was < 0.05 (5%). Thus, it was possible to observe that there was a statistically significant difference of the P2 component characterized by the decrease in the amplitude of response in the left ear in G2 when comparing the responses of CAEP with and without prior musical stimulation. Conclusion The result of the present study enabled us to conclude that there was a change in the response of CAEPs with musical stimulation.

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Perfusion Changes with Photic Stimulation During two Phases of the Menstrual Cycle: A Pilot Study Comparing Controls and True Menstrual Migraine Patients

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.2003.00625.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 907-913 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

BM Ances ◽

JA Detre

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Visual Stimulation ◽

Occipital Lobe ◽

Menstrual Migraine ◽

Phase Changes ◽

Photic Stimulation ◽

Cycle Phase ◽

Significant Difference

This pilot study investigated the effect of menstrual cycle phase (late luteal and mid-follicular) on cerebral perfusion changes during photic stimulation in both controls ( n = 5) and true menstrual migraine patients ( n = 5). No significant differences in resting baseline perfusion were observed between the two groups during either phase of the menstrual cycle. During the late luteal phase, changes in perfusion within the occipital lobe due to photic stimulation were similar for both groups. However, during the mid-follicular phase, occipital perfusion during visual stimulation decreased for controls but significantly increased for true menstrual migraine patients ( P < 0.05). A two way repeated measures ANOVA also demonstrated a significant difference between menstrual migraine patients and controls for photic activation ( P < 0.05).

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Effect of a patent foramen ovale on pulmonary gas exchange efficiency at rest and during exercise

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.01246.2010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 1354-1361 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Andrew T. Lovering ◽

Michael K. Stickland ◽

Markus Amann ◽

Matthew J. O'Brien ◽

John S. Hokanson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Patent Foramen Ovale ◽

Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽

Pulmonary Gas Exchange ◽

Arterial Oxygen ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Healthy Humans ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ergometer Exercise ◽

Exchange Inefficiency

The prevalence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is ∼30%, and this source of right-to-left shunt could result in greater pulmonary gas exchange impairment at rest and during exercise. The aim of this work was to determine if individuals with an asymptomatic PFO (PFO+) have greater pulmonary gas exchange inefficiency at rest and during exercise than subjects without a PFO (PFO−). Separated by 1 h of rest, 8 PFO+ and 8 PFO− subjects performed two incremental cycle ergometer exercise tests to voluntary exhaustion while breathing either room air or hypoxic gas [fraction of inspired O2 (FiO2) = 0.12]. Using echocardiography, we detected small, intermittent boluses of saline contrast bubbles entering directly into the left atrium within 3 heart beats at rest and during both exercise conditions in PFO+. These findings suggest a qualitatively small intracardiac shunt at rest and during exercise in PFO+. The alveolar-to-arterial oxygen difference (AaDo2) was significantly ( P < 0.05) different between PFO+ and PFO− in normoxia (5.9 ± 5.1 vs. 0.5 ± 3.5 mmHg) and hypoxia (10.1 ± 5.9 vs. 4.1 ± 3.1 mmHg) at rest, but not during exercise. However, arterial oxygen saturation was significantly different between PFO+ and PFO− at peak exercise in normoxia (94.3 ± 0.9 vs. 95.8 ± 1.0%) as a result of a significant difference in esophageal temperature (38.4 ± 0.3 vs. 38.0 ± 0.3°C). An asymptomatic PFO contributes to pulmonary gas exchange inefficiency at rest but not during exercise in healthy humans and therefore does not explain intersubject variability in the AaDo2 at maximal exercise.

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